Skip to main content

Sampling Strategies for Substance Abuse Research

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Research Methods in the Study of Substance Abuse

Abstract

This chapter lays the framework and establishes standard terminology used in the development of sample designs for substance abuse research studies. The main focus is probability-based population surveys, but the chapter also touches on non-probability sample studies that do not involve producing estimates that are representative of specific populations of inference. A general description of the process of determining the most appropriate sampling strategies is included at the beginning of the chapter, followed by more specific discussions of different types of studies. Unique problems in sampling for substance abuse studies are highlighted. Real-world examples of sample designs for substance abuse studies are described, with references giving more detailed information.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    See for example, Kish (1965), Cochran (1977), Groves (2004), and Lohr (2010). Also see Chaps. 1 and 2 in Korn and Graubard (1999) for an excellent primer on sampling methodologies common in health surveys.

References

  • Ashley, O. S., Penne, M. A., Loomis, K. M., Kan, M., Bauman, K. E., Aldridge, M., et al. (2008). Moderation of the association between parent and adolescent cigarette smoking by selected sociodemographic variables. Addictive Behaviors, 33(9), 1227–1230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachman, J. G., Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2011). The monitoring the future project after thirty-seven years: Design and procedures. Monitoring the Future Occasional Paper No. 76. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research. Available at: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/occpapers/mtf-occ76.pdf

  • Bachman, J. G., Johnston, L. D., & O’Malley, P. M. (2014). Monitoring the future: Questionnaire responses from the nation’s high school seniors, 2012. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research. Available at: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/datavolumes/2012/2012dv.pdf

  • Baker, R., Brick, J. M., Bates, N. A., Battaglia, M., Couper, M. P., Dever, J. A., et al. (2013). Report of the aapor task force on non-probability sampling. Oakbrook Terrace, IL: American Association for Public Opinion Research. Available at: https://www.aapor.org/AAPORKentico/AAPOR_Main/media/MainSiteFiles/NPS_TF_Report_Final_7_revised_FNL_6_22_13.pdf

  • Banta-Green, C. J., Field, J. A., Chiaia, A. C., Sudakin, D. L., Power, L., & De Montigny, L. (2009). The spatial epidemiology of cocaine, methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) use: A demonstration using a population measure of community drug load derived from municipal wastewater. Addiction, 104, 1874–1880.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Batts, K., Pemberton, M., Bose, J., Weimer, B., Henderson, L., Penne, M., et al. (2014). Comparing and evaluating substance use treatment utilization estimates from the national survey on drug use and health and other data sources. Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available at: http://media.samhsa.gov/data/2K14/NSDUHDR/NSDUH-DR-Task2SubUseTx-2014.pdf

  • Blumberg S. J., & Luke J. V. (2013). Wireless substitution: early release of estimates from the national health interview survey, July–December 2012. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm

  • Brewer, K. R. W. (1963). A model of systematic sampling with unequal probabilities. Australian Journal of Statistics., 5, 5–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013a). Methodology of the youth risk behavior surveillance system-2013. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 62, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013b). Behavioral risk factor surveillance system—2011: Summary data quality report. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/2013/pdf/2013_DQR.pdf

  • Chromy, J. R., & Penne, M. A. (2002). Pair sampling in household surveys. In Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section, American Statistical Association. New York, NY: American Statistical Association. Available at: https://www.amstat.org/sections/SRMS/Proceedings/y2002/Files/JSM2002–001055.pdf

  • Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feucht, T. E., & Gfroerer, J. (2011). Mental and substance use disorders among adult men on probation or parole: Some success against a persistent challenge, SAMHSA data review. Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available at: http://media.samhsa.gov/data/2k11/MentalDisorders/MentalDisorders.htm.

  • Gfroerer, J., & Kennet, J. (2015). Collecting survey data on sensitive topics: Substance use. In T. P. Johnson (Ed.), Handbook of health survey methods (pp. 447–472). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gfroerer, J., Bose, J., Kroutil, L., Lopez, M., & Kann, L. (2012). Methodological considerations in estimating adolescent substance use. In Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section. Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association. Available at: http://www.amstat.org/sections/SRMS/Proceedings/y2012/Files/304796_73741.pdf

  • Gfroerer, J., Hughes, A., Chromy, J., Heller, D., & Packer, L. (2004). Estimating trends in substance use based on reports of prior use in a cross-sectional survey. In S. B. Cohen & J. M. Lepkowski (Eds.), Proceedings of the eighth conference on health survey research methods (DHHS Publication No. PHS 04–1013, pp. 29–34). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2004. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hsrmc/hsrmc_8th_proceedings_2004.pdf

  • Gfroerer, J. (1987). Correlation between drug use by teenagers and drug use by older family members. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 13(1–2), 95–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, L. A. (1961). Snowball sampling. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 32(1), 148–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves, R. M. (2004). Survey errors and survey costs. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groves, R. M., Fowler, F. J., Couper, M. P., Lepkowski, J., Singer, E., & Tourangeau, R. (2009). Survey methodology (2nd ed.). New York: Wileys.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckathorn, D. D. (1997). Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of hidden populations. Social Problems, 44(2), 174–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heckathorn, D. D. (2002). Respondent-driven sampling II: Deriving valid population estimates from chain-referral samples of hidden populations. Social Problems, 49(1), 11–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iannacchione, V. G., McMichael, J. P., Shook-Sa, B. E., & Morton, K. B. (2012). A proposed hybrid sampling frame for the national survey on drug use and health: Final Report. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI International. Available at: http://www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/NSDUHMethodsRptHybrid2012.pdf

  • Iannacchione, V. G., & Shook-Sa, B. E. (2013). Evaluating the effect of within- household subsampling on the precision of crime victimization rates. (RTI Press publication No. MR-0025-1307.) Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press. Available at: www.rti.org/pubs/mr-0025-1307-iannacchione.pdf

  • Kandel, D. B., Griesler, P. C., Lee, G., Davies, M., & Schaffran, C. (2001). Parental influences on adolescent Marijuana use and the baby boom generation: Findings from the 1979–1996 national household surveys on drug abuse, analytic series A-13, DHHS Publication No. SMA 01-3531, Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available at: http://media.samhsa.gov/data/NHSDA/BabyBoom/cover.htm

  • Kann, L., Kinchen, S., Shanklin, S., Flint, K. H., Hawkins, J., Harris, W. A., Lowry, R., et al. (2014). Youth risk behavior surveillance—United States, 2013, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports, 63(4).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kish, L. (1965). Survey sampling. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korn, E. L., & Graubard, B. I. (1999). Analysis of health surveys. New York: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lattimore, P. K., Steffey, D. M, Gfroerer, J., Bose, J., Pemberton, M. R., & Penne, M. A. (2014). Arrestee substance use: comparison of estimates from the national survey on drug use and health and the arrestee drug abuse monitoring program. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available at: http://media.samhsa.gov/data/2K14/NSDUHDRADAM/NSDUH-DR-ADAM-2014.pdf

  • Lohr, S. L. (2010). Sampling: Design and Analysis (2nd ed.). Boston: Books/Cole.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muhib, F. B., Lin, L. S., Stueve, A., Miller, R. L., Ford, W. L., Johnson, W. D., et al. (2001). A venue-based method for sampling hard-to-reach population. Public Health Reports, 116(Suppl 1), 216–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2012). Comparing and evaluating youth substance use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and other surveys, HHS Publication No. SMA 12-4727, Methodology Series M-9. Rockville, MD. Available at: http://media.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH-M9-Youth_2012.pdf

  • Sampford, M. R. (1967). On Sampling without replacement with unequal probabilities of selection. Biometrika, 54(3–4), 499–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheuren, F. (2004). What is a Survey? Washington, D.C.: American Statistical Association. Available at: http://www.amstat.org/sections/srms/pamphlet.pdf

  • Thompson, S. K. (2012). Sampling (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Valliant, R., & Dever, J. A. (2011). Estimating propensity adjustments for volunteer web surveys. Sociological Methods & Research, 40(1), 105–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UCLA Center for Health Policy Research (2014). California Health Interview Survey. CHIS 2011–2012 Methodology Series: Report 4 – Response Rates. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. Available at: http://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/chis/design/Documents/chis2011-2012-method-2_2014-02-21.pdf. Accessed January 22, 2015.

  • Wagner, J., & Lee, S. (2015). Sampling rare populations. In T. P. Johnson (Ed.), Handbook of health survey methods (pp. 77–106). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph Gfroerer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gfroerer, J., Hughes, A., Bose, J. (2017). Sampling Strategies for Substance Abuse Research. In: VanGeest, J., Johnson, T., Alemagno, S. (eds) Research Methods in the Study of Substance Abuse. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55980-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55980-3_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55978-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55980-3

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics