Abstract
Geopolitical challenges not only cause humanitarian crises; they can also be the source of failures in humanitarian action. Recent years have brought unique changes to the humanitarian landscape, from criminal and political threats, proliferation of actors in the international humanitarian sector, to professionalisation and accountability agendas imposed by international organisations and the humanitarian community itself.
This chapter is an adapted excerpt from the following book: Andrej Zwitter, Humanitarian Intelligence: A Practitioner's Guide to Crisis Analysis and Project Design, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, New York, London 2016, Chapter 1, pp. 11–28. More information can be found on www.humanitarianintelligence.net. Reprinted with the permission of the publisher.
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Notes
- 1.
Clarke and Herbst (1996), pp. 70ff.
- 2.
Anderson (1999).
- 3.
Slim (1997), p. 256.
- 4.
Zwitter (2008), http://sites.tufts.edu/jha/archives/223; Macrae and Harmer (2003).
- 5.
For a detailed legal review of EU and US counterterrorism legislation concerning humanitarian and development aid see: Zwitter (2014), pp. 315–332.
- 6.
Collinson and Elhawary (2012), p. 1, http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/7643.pdf.
- 7.
Thürer (2007), p. 60.
- 8.
- 9.
Aid Worker Security Report 2013 (2013), p. 4, http://aidworkersecurity.org/sites/default/files/AidWorkerSecurityReport_2013_web.pdf.
- 10.
Id., p. 7.
- 11.
Zwitter (2008).
- 12.
Ki-Moon (2008).
- 13.
Zwitter (2014).
- 14.
- 15.
- 16.
- 17.
- 18.
- 19.
Groupe URD (2009), p. 8, http://www.compasqualite.org/Setup/en/V9.06-EN_Quality_COMPAS_companion_book.pdf.
- 20.
Zwitter (2011), pp. 53–55.
- 21.
UN General Assembly, Strengthening of the coordination of humanitarian emergency assistance of the United Nations, 19 December 1991, UN Doc. A/RES/46/182.
- 22.
OCHA, History of OCHA, http://www.unocha.org/about-us/who-we-are/history.
- 23.
Humphries (2013), http://sites.tufts.edu/jha/archives/1976.
- 24.
Adinolfi et al. (2005), pp. 9–12.
- 25.
Guidance Note on Using the Cluster Approach to Strengthen Humanitarian Response (2006), p. 2, http://interagencystandingcommittee.org/working-group/documents-public/guidance-note-using-cluster-approach-strengthen-humanitarian-respon-0.
- 26.
Id., p. 7.
- 27.
Prunckun (2010), pp. 7–8.
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Further Reading
Collinson S, Elhawary S (2012) Humanitarian space: a review of trends and issues. Overseas Development Institute - Humanitarian Policy Group, London, April, http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/7643.pdf
Humphries V (2013) Improving humanitarian coordination: common challenges and lessons learned from the cluster approach. J Humanit Assist, April 30, http://sites.tufts.edu/jha/archives/1976
Slim H, Vaux T, Sandison P (2006) Key messages from ALNAP’s review of humanitarian action, Report prepared for the Active Learning Network on Accountability and Performance in Humanitarian Assistance
Stoddard A (2003) Humanitarian NGOs: challenges and trends. In: Macrae J, Harmer A (eds) HPG Report 14, humanitarian action and the ‘Global War on Terror’: a review of trends and issues. Overseas Development Institute, Humanitarian Policy Group, London, July, pp 25–35
Rieff D (2002) Humanitarianism in crisis. Foreign Aff 81(6):111–121
Zwitter A (2015) Big Data and International Relations. Ethics and International Affairs 29(4): 377–389
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Zwitter, A. (2018). Principles and Professionalism: Towards Humanitarian Intelligence. In: Heintze, HJ., Thielbörger, P. (eds) International Humanitarian Action. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14454-2_6
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