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“I am the Granddaughter of the Ottomans”: Gender, Aesthetics and Agency in Neo-Ottoman Imaginaries—An Introduction

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Neo-Ottoman Imaginaries in Contemporary Turkey

Part of the book series: Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe ((MOMEIDSEE))

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Abstract

The chapter offers introductory perspectives on neo-Ottomanism in Turkey as a gendered phenomenon. By shedding light on some cultural and political settings where the concept emerges and diffuses, we aim to analyse the construction of an idealised and desirable past. While engaging in dialogue with the academic literature on the genealogy and contemporary use of the term, attention is drawn to the multitude of approaches to analyse neo-Ottomanism. The chapter argues that under the governance of the AKP (Justice and Development Party) the entanglement of Islamic authoritarianism, uses of history and heritage, and claims of authenticity work to construct a desirable alternative to everyday concerns in contemporary Turkish society. In this imaginary, a glorious narration of Ottoman history not only provides a shelter from social crises and a vision for the future but also a legitimation ground for gender inequalities.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Osmanlı Torunu (Ottoman Granddaughter) was produced by the media publisher 140journos in 2019 and is published on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zx3F_W2lr7M. Accessed on 28 April 2021.

  2. 2.

    Adam olsunlar literally translates to “Be a man!” which refers to being a decent person.

  3. 3.

    AK Parti Programı, https://www.akparti.org.tr/parti/parti-programi/. Accessed on 30 April 2021

  4. 4.

    A theme developed at length by Johanna Chovanec (2021).

  5. 5.

    For another discussion on football, nationalism and Islamic authoritarianism in contemporary Turkey, see Evren (2022).

  6. 6.

    Based on the data from Petek Onur’s ongoing research project “Gendered Nostalgia: Neo-Ottomanism in Islamist Women’s Media in Turkey” funded by H2020-MSCA-IF-2019.

  7. 7.

    Aljazeera, “Turkey Lifts Decades Old Ban on Headscarves” https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2013/10/8/turkey-lifts-decades-old-ban-on-headscarves, Accessed on 4 November 2020.

  8. 8.

    Bianet, “Kadın Bakanlığı Kaldırıldı, Kadın Örgütleri Öfkeli” https://bianet.org/bianet/kadin/130585-kadin-bakanligi-kaldirildi-kadin-orgutleri-ofkeli. Accessed on 25 May 2021.

  9. 9.

    On 21 April 2021, with a presidency decree, the ministry was changed into The Ministry of Family and Social Service. For the whole history, see Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı “Tarihçe” https://www.aile.gov.tr/bakanlik/hakkinda/tarihce/. Accessed on 30 April 2021.

  10. 10.

    Haber 7, “Erdoğan’ın Sözlerinin Perde Arkası Ortaya Çıktı! Bazı Maddeler Değişiyor”, https://www.haber7.com/guncel/haber/3004137-erdoganin-sozlerinin-perde-arkasi-ortaya-cikti-bazi-maddeler-degisiyor Accessed on 10 November 2020.

  11. 11.

    According to the 2020 Global Gender Gap Index of World Economic Forum Turkey’s rank among 153 countries is 130. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GGGR_2020.pdf Accessed on 10 November 2020.

  12. 12.

    KADEM, https://kadem.org.tr/zirve-ve-kongreler/uluslararasi-toplumsal-cinsiyet-adaleti-kongresi/. Accessed on 11 November 2020.

  13. 13.

    The decision to open a women’s university is announced in the 2021 Annual Plans of the Presidency: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı (2020) 2021 Yılı Cumhurbaşkanlığı Yıllık Programı, 272.

  14. 14.

    Despite the increasing prevalence of social media, television continues to be the most consumed medium. The Association of Radio and Television Broadcasters (Radyo Televizyon Yayıncıları Meslek Birliği, RATEM) reported in 2018 that Turkey ranks first in the world in terms of daily consumption with 5.5 hours a day (Çelik 2020, 341). 81% of AKP voters do not use Internet as their news source (KONDA 2018, 61) and 56% are not Internet users (KONDA 2014, 25). The state channels and the mainstream pro-AKP channels are the most watched and trusted choices of this group.

  15. 15.

    Hürriyet, “Erdoğan Zafer Havalimanını Açtı”, https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/erdogan-zafer-havalimanini-acti-22010262. Accessed on 10 November 2020.

  16. 16.

    The viewers shared their photographs of watching the series in costumes, toy swords, guns and knives in their hands: Onedio, “Diriliş: Ertuğrul Dizisini İzlerken Kendini Biraz Fazla Kaptıran Vatandaşlarımızdan 15 Komik Fotoğraf’”, https://onedio.com/haber/dirilis-izlerken-ecdaninin-davasini-evinde-yasayan-cilgin-torunlardan-15-komik-fotograf-806126. Accessed on 19 November 2018.

  17. 17.

    “Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, ‘Diriliş Ertuğrul’ Dizisinin Setini Ziyaret Etti” https://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/32612/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-dirilis-ertugrul-dizisinin-setini-ziyaret-etti.html. Accessed on 19 November 2018.

  18. 18.

    Sputnik Türkiye, “14 Yıldır İktidarız ama Sosyal ve Kültürel İktidar Olma Konusunda Sıkıntılar Var” https://tr.sputniknews.com/turkiye/201705281028639872-erdogan-ensar-vakfi-genel-kurulu/. Accessed on 23 November 2020.

  19. 19.

    Euronews Türkçe, “18 Yılda Arzu Ettiğimiz İlerlemeyi Sağlayamadık” https://tr.euronews.com/2020/10/19/cumhurbaskan-erdogan-18-y-lda-egitimde-arzu-ettigimiz-ilerlemeyi-saglayamad-k Accessed on 23 November 2020.

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  1. Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Catharina Raudvere & Petek Onur

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    Petek Onur

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Raudvere, C., Onur, P. (2023). “I am the Granddaughter of the Ottomans”: Gender, Aesthetics and Agency in Neo-Ottoman Imaginaries—An Introduction. In: Raudvere, C., Onur, P. (eds) Neo-Ottoman Imaginaries in Contemporary Turkey. Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08023-4_1

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