Abstract
Holonic Manufacturing Systems (HMS) constitute an application of multi-agent systems for the control of manufacturing systems. In comparison with other multi-agent based architectures, holarchies exhibit aggregation features. As a matter of fact, all the holonic reference architectures possess aggregation-based relations, and these features are even usually described as mandatory. However, practitioners trying to implement holonic control architectures are all facing the same issue: this specificity implies many software engineering difficulties. Indeed, the models are generally not specified enough and ask the developers to make a lot of hypotheses, which are the origin of inconsistencies, misbehaviours or code maintenance issues. This article is based on the most common architecture: PROSA. The objective is to illustrate the lack of specification of the model, and introduce several ways to cope with them: better specifying the classes, better specifying the relations and finally introducing some coherent development methods.
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Notes
- 1.
The Object Constraint Language (OCL) [6] is an declarative expression language that describes constraints on UML models. It is based on set theory and predicate logic over UML artifacts.
- 2.
This problem was not mentioned in [20], that deals with recursive MAS.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
It is considered as a storage resource.
- 6.
Recursive composition of resource is not systematic, despite a movable articulated arm can be a specific composition of an AGV with an articulated arm. We consider here that a Piercing holon that can be managed by pools of resources, which can be ordered by organisational units ② linked by transportation layouts ③.
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André, P., Cardin, O. (2022). Aggregation Patterns in Holonic Manufacturing Systems. In: Borangiu, T., Trentesaux, D., Leitão, P., Cardin, O., Joblot, L. (eds) Service Oriented, Holonic and Multi-agent Manufacturing Systems for Industry of the Future. SOHOMA 2021. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 1034. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99108-1_1
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