Keywords

1 Introduction

Vocational education “take the service as the objective, take the employment as the guidance”, the innovation and entrepreneurship education is its connotation. As an important part of the vocational education system, higher education should constantly improve the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education and do a good job in innovation and entrepreneurship education. To achieve this goal, we must speed up the construction of the evaluation system and mode of innovation and entrepreneurship education, speed up its popularization and application, find out the problems existing in innovation and entrepreneurship education in time, and take effective measures to solve them [1].

Early on, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) proposed that “a degree is no longer equivalent to a job” and that graduates should no longer be confined to job seekers, but should also become successful entrepreneurs and job creators. Innovation and entrepreneurship education originated in the US, and the Babson College, which offers a bachelor’s degree in entrepreneurship education, gradually established a more comprehensive innovation and entrepreneurship education system [2]. The United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Canada and other developed countries have also set off an upsurge of innovation and entrepreneurship education, taking the implementation of innovation and entrepreneurship education as a strategic plan to promote national economic and social development, and gradually forming an innovation and entrepreneurship curriculum system and teaching system with national characteristics and school characteristics. Although the innovation and entrepreneurship education in our country started late, it has become an important way to promote the innovation-driven development in our country and narrow the gap with the technological innovation and development in developed countries. Therefore, we must improve the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship in higher vocational colleges and build a corresponding evaluation system [3].

In addition, vocational education aims at service and employment- oriented. From this level, we can say that innovation and entrepreneurship education is the connotation of vocational education. However, the research and practice of vocational education evaluation in the past mostly focused on moral education evaluation, curriculum evaluation, skill evaluation, professional ability evaluation and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to design an innovation and entrepreneurship effect evaluation system for college students in order to provide a complete evaluation tool for the government and colleges themselves [4].

Although there are many mature research results in the design of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship evaluation system, such as the integration of social support environment, school investment and student performance. In addition, there are some people from the process of action, environmental factors and reliability and validity of the balance of college students to achieve innovation and entrepreneurship evaluation. However, with the change of social background, the environment of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship is also changing. The traditional evaluation system has been unable to meet the needs of higher vocational education. In order to better meet the current needs of higher education, improve the adaptability of the evaluation system of College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect, and realize the good evaluation of students’ Entrepreneurship effect, this paper introduces the MOA model into this field, and designs the evaluation system of innovation and entrepreneurship effect based on the MOA (Motivation; Opportunity; Ability) model. In the hardware design, the CPU (Central Processing Unit) is determined according to the system functional requirements, and with the support of CPU, the system can realize the evaluation of students’ Entrepreneurship effect, The serial communication circuit is designed to realize the function of data upload and download. So far, the system design has been completed, which is expected to provide some help to solve the above problems.

2 Hardware Design of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Effect Evaluation System for College Students Based on MOA Model

2.1 Selection and Design of System CPU

The system CPU needs to provide support for the function realization of the whole system, the most important is to support the serial communication device data acquisition, and data stored in the storage module through the DEBUS bus. According to the work to be done by the CPU, consider the following aspects of CPU selection [5]:

In the system debugging stage, needs to have the input output design, in order to take the different debugging method and the observation debugging result, therefore the CPU must have the certain number I/O port. To simplify the hardware, the output module can be a serial LCD module. Up to four I/O ports are required here. In order to observe the debugging process, you also need to access three to four LED, in this part of the need for about four I/O port. The input part is controlled by keys. The keys do not need a matrix keyboard, only need to set 3 to 4 adjustment keys. Here also need 3 to 4 I/O ports. LCD module, debug button and LED in the final integration of the system, can also be used as a formal output display, functional indicators and function keys. So these ports are initially used for debugging, and later will become part of the system, can not be excluded, a total of at least 12 I/O port CPU. In addition, two I/O ports are required to acquire EEPROM data using the I2C bus. In addition, because of the need of “conflict detection”, the flag line of conflict detection needs to occupy 1 I/O port. Finally, it is best to reserve some I/O ports for future expansion of system functionality. So, at this point, I/O ports need to be at least 15 N each.

Considering the convenience of system debugging and maintenance, CPU should have the function of ISP online programming. Online programming capabilities are not always in use, so I/O ports used for online programming can be reused for other functions [6]. However, considering the stability of online programming and the inconvenience of reusing the software, 3 I/O ports are specially designed for online programming. At this point, the CPU’s I/O port is at least 17 N.

Nowadays, the function of CPU is developing rapidly. In order to simplify the external devices, many CPUs integrate some common functions, such as A/D, D/A, voice, floating point, watchdog, etc. Since the design system does not require these functions, there is no need to choose a CPU with additional functions to increase costs, and the performance of the CPU can be seen from its own parameters, such as the capacity of the internal ROM and RAM, the number and bits of the internal timer, the number of internal interrupt sources, the size of the internal stack, the frequency at which the CPU runs, the data width of the CPU universal register, etc. The first metric to be considered here is the general register data width of the CPU. And if there is no complex and precise large-scale operation, the general 8-bit single-chip can meet the needs of field data acquisition [7].

According to the above considerations, the AT89S51 MCU produced by Atmel Company is selected as the CPU of the lower computer [8].

The AT89S51 comes in four package configurations. Choose the most popular PDIP (Plastic Dual Inline Package) package, and compared to PLCC and TQFB package, the price is cheaper, circuit wiring is also more simple [9]. As the core part of CPU, it needs to integrate serial communication interface, DEBUS bus cascade interface, ISP online download interface, serial LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display interface, key debugging interface and indicator LED (Light Emitting Diode) interface. Make better use of port resources. The main pin definition is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Main pin definition of AT89S51
Full size table

Under the support of CPU, the system’s internal upload, download, information sharing and other functions to provide support.

2.2 Serial Communication Hardware Design

Considering the needs of users, the serial communication hardware is designed to provide users with data upload, download, transmission and sharing functions [10].

In the system hardware design using RS-232 serial communication, PC using the RS-232C standard logic level, and AT8S51 using the TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) level, level conversion must be carried out. The exchange of levels falls broadly into two categories. One is the use of discrete components, one is the use of chips [11]. Circuit diagrams of discrete components have a lot of information to follow, some of which are quite simple. But this method needs to calculate the electrical index of discrete components according to the serial port of a specific PC. The choice of integrated chip is low cost, less peripheral components, more stable, can simplify the circuit board. Max232 chips are finally selected in the design based on the power supply requirements (SV), power consumption requirements (general), circuit board area requirements (smaller), price (cheapest) and other factors [12].

There are two pairs of drivers/receivers inside the MAX232. One pair, Tin and Rout, is connected to the TXD and RXD pins of the MCU respectively. The other end is connected to the 9-pin interface, which is connected to the serial interface of the PC. External connection of 4 capacitors, with the internal double charge pump to achieve level conversion. According to the function of online download, the hardware circuit of ISP online download is designed.

The concept of the ISP (In System Programming) was initially proposed by Lattice Corporation of the United States, which can directly program the internal memory of the CPU under the condition that the single-chip computer system operates without power. And after the end of the program, the SCM(Software Configuration Management) can restart the operation [13]. Because ISP makes the development process of embedded system more efficient, Atmel company also adds ISP online download function to its mainstream product AT89CSX series SCM. The ISP functional pins of the AT89S51 are P1.5 (MOSI: MASTER OUTPUT SLAVE INPUT), P1.6 (MISO: MASTER INPUT SLAVE OUTPUT), P1.7 (SCK), and their RST(RESET) reset pins are also attached [14].

In order to realize the downloading function of AT89SSX series single chip microcomputer, it needs the cooperation of hardware and application software [15]. The ISP interface for the underlying host is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.
figure 1

ISP download line interface

Full size image

According to the above, the DEBUS bus already contains the I2C bus and the status flag line Idle. In order to increase the function of waking up the lower computer, the control line of “ResetSon” is added [16]. The line is directly connected to the RST line of the lower computer. When the lower computer breaks down, it can be restarted by the ResetSon control line. The interface of DEBUS is designed in the form of “cascade”, and the Vcc power line and GND (GrouND) bottom line are added to achieve the goal of “common power supply” and “common ground”. At this point, the DEBUS hardware architecture is complete, totaling six lines: I2C’s data line IIC-SDAT, I2C’s clock line IIC-SCLK, Status Marker Idle, Machine Control Line ResetSon, Bottom Line GND, and Power Line VCCCo. DEBUS Bus interface portions are shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.
figure 2

Bus interface circuit

Full size image

J8 is the cascade terminal, which is the access terminal of each lower computer. Each module of the lower computer has this cascade interface, and all the lower computers can be connected in parallel on the DEBUS bus through the interface. Of the 4 I/O ports of AT89S51, P0 port has the largest IOL, i. e., the strongest drop-down capability, so P0 port is chosen here as the terminal of DEBUS bus. The P0 port has no built-in pullup resistor, so additional pullup resistors are required. At this point, the system hardware design is completed [17].

3 Software Design of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Effect Evaluation System for College Students Based on MOA Model

3.1 Storage Mode of Design Effect Evaluation Resources

The evaluation resources of innovation and entrepreneurship often have many forms, such as documents, pictures, videos and so on. Most of these massive digital resources exist in the form of unstructured, and can not be effectively stored with a unified data structure, which easily leads to resource sharing difficulties. In order to achieve the goal of quality innovation and entrepreneurship effect evaluation resource sharing, the first problem to be solved is the description resource [18]. The evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship effect is to define a standardized and feasible way to describe and package the evaluation resources of innovation and entrepreneurship effect, Realize the unified storage and retrieval of resources. This is the basis of effective resource sharing, so it is necessary to unify and standardize the representation of resources [19].

Defining a consistent data resource description framework through metadata standards is an effective way to solve this problem. Metadata is the description of the data structure and content characteristics of the original data resources. The purpose of browsing metadata is to access the original data resources, i.e. innovation and entrepreneurship effect evaluation resources. The so-called metadata standard is a set of rules that describe the specific objects of innovation and entrepreneurship effect evaluation resources.

According to the CELTS-42 standard “Metadata Specification of Basic Education Resource”, the data element set of Basic Education Resource includes 22 elements, using the language code specification defined in RFC 1766. The specification allows users to extend metadata elements according to the needs of the system, but must conform to the format and technical specifications defined by the specification elements [20]. According to this specification, the storage mode of system resources is designed as follows:

The resource itself and resource description information of innovation and entrepreneurship effect evaluation should be named with the same file name, and stored in the designated folder of HDFS distributed file system through Hadoop. The resource description information is generated by resource name and resource content configuration file in a fixed format, which is used to generate the index file of retrieval resources [21].

The metadata information of the resource is stored as a record in the MySQL database table, while the location of the resource in HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) is recorded and used as a way to download and obtain the resource. Metadata information is used to allow users to view the properties of a resource when it is displayed [22].

Users on the system page can view the metadata information of the resource and the content information of the resource itself (displayed on the page in the form of a preview) and obtain the corresponding resource in HDFS through the storage location field of the resource in the database table when the resource needs to be obtained. The metadata description table ResourceInfo is designed as shown in Table 2.

Table 2. ResourceInfo metadata description table
Full size table

In the process of evaluation, the system fetches the related information from the resource database, and realizes the effect evaluation of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship [23].

3.2 Selection of Evaluation Indicators Based on MOA Model

The MOA model is composed of motivation, opportunity and ability, and their interrelation and interaction promote the occurrence of certain behaviors. Motivation is the college students’ willingness to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship activities, and opportunity is the effective component that is conducive to behavior in the external environment. It has positive effect on innovation and entrepreneurship.

Collect the data of college students in the process of innovation and entrepreneurship, process the data by SPSS, analyze the basic situation of the sample, and get the final analysis data by reverse recalculation. Using the concept model to verify and analyze the effect of innovation and entrepreneurship activities of college students, to select the appropriate evaluation indicators. After model verification and calculation, the results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Factors load, reliability, validity and normal test results of measurement indexes
Full size table

It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that each measurement index meets the evaluation requirements. When the index is known, the weight of each index is calculated.

3.3 Evaluation of the Effects of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

The geometric average values of each row of the judgment matrix are calculated by using the product square root method. The formula is as follows:

$$ \overline{c}_{i} = \left( {\prod\limits_{j = 1}^{n} {a_{ij} } } \right)^{\frac{1}{n}} \quad i,j = 1,2, \ldots ,n $$
(1)

In formula (1), \(a_{ij}\) represents the elements in row \(i\) and column \(j\) of the original judgment matrix, \(n\) represents the number of indicators, and \(c_{i}\) represents the geometric average value in row \(i\) of the original judgment matrix. The geometric mean of each row is normalized to get the feature vector:

$$ c_{i} = \frac{{\overline{c}_{i} }}{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n} {\overline{c}_{i} } }} $$
(2)

In formula (2), \(c_{i}\) represents the weight of the \(i\)-th indicator, \(n\) represents the number of indicators, and \(\overline{c}_{i}\) represents the geometric average value of the \(i\)-th row of the original judgment matrix. The weight coefficient of the first level index is calculated. On this basis, the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is calculated:

$$ \lambda_{max} = \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n} {\frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n} {a_{ij} c_{i} } }}{{c_{i} }}} $$
(3)

The weights of single-level indicators can be obtained through the above calculation. Based on the above results, an evaluation model is established:

$$ Y = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n} {X_{i} c_{i} } $$
(4)

In formula (4), \(X_{i}\) represents the score value of the evaluation index and \(c_{i}\) represents the comprehensive weight of the index. According to the calculation results of formula (4), the effect of innovation and Entrepreneurship of college students is judged. The larger the value is, the better the effect is. On the contrary, the worse the effect is. So far, the evaluation system of College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect based on MOA model has been designed.

4 Performance Test of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Effect Evaluation System for College Students Based on MOA Model

4.1 Build Test Environment

The system is designed on the basis of multi-layer architecture. The function of each layer is relatively independent. There is a standard interface between each layer. It can not only ensure the scalability, flexibility and openness of the system, but also facilitate the system access and management. In order to verify the application performance of the system, the experimental environment is set up. The hardware environment is shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Hardware environment
Full size table

Under the support of the above environment, the test results evaluate the performance of the system. System testing is a process used to test the integrity, correctness and security of software. It is an indispensable part of software development. In order to ensure the quality and reliability of the evaluation system of College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect, functional testing and performance testing are carried out on the system. The function test is mainly to test whether each functional module of the system meets the requirements, and the performance test is mainly comparative test. Two traditional evaluation systems are introduced in the test to verify the actual level of each system under the same test conditions, including load stress test and concurrent test.

4.2 System Function Test

The function test of the evaluation system for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect adopts the method of unit test, which runs through all stages of the system development, that is, every functional module is developed and tested to ensure its accuracy. Test cases include normal input, boundary input and abnormal input. The output of each module of the test system meets the requirements under different conditions, and the system is improved according to the test cases.

The test of evaluation data acquisition and management module mainly includes the upload of test data, the information editing, modification and deletion of uploaded data. The test contents are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Test of data upload and management module
Full size table

For the test of effect evaluation module, the main function is to test evaluation resources and view other evaluation content. The test contents and results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Effect evaluation module test
Full size table

Evaluation information classification management module test, the administrator to view the evaluation information classification, add, delete, modify information classification functions. The test contents are shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Testing of the evaluation information resource category management module
Full size table

Through the above functional tests, we can see that the system functions are able to meet the normal implementation, there is no abnormal situation. On this basis, comparative experiments can be carried out to further verify the actual level of the evaluation system.

4.3 System Load Capacity Testing and Analysis

Load test mainly tests whether the load pressure of the system meets the requirement under the condition of high concurrent access. Web Bench is used to complete the load stress test of the system server. Web Benceh is a website stress testing tool developed by Lionbridge. It can be used to test the server stress of ASP, PHP, JAVA, CGI, etc. It can also be used to test the load capacity of SSL secure websites. It can simulate up to 30,000 concurrent links to test the load capacity of websites. The traditional effect evaluation systems 1 and 2 are compared with the systems mentioned in the documents [7] and documents [8]. The test results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8. Load test results of different effect evaluation systems
Full size table

Through the data in Table 8, it can be seen that the traditional effect evaluation system 1 increased the number of request failures significantly with the increase of test time, and reached 415 request failure links at 50 s, indicating that the system has poor load capacity and can not meet the needs of continuous request access. In the traditional evaluation system 2, when dealing with 1000 requests, with the increase of test time, the rate of request failure is also very obvious. 526 request failure links are reached in 50 s, which indicates that the system load capacity is poor and it is difficult to meet the needs of continuous request access. In the face of a large number of requests, the design system can ensure the success of all requests in the 50 s, indicating that the system can meet the continuous concurrent access in a certain period of time. The results show that the evaluation system of College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect has good pressure resistance ability.

4.4 System Concurrency Test Results and Analysis

The system uses Apache JMeter to test concurrency. The concurrency test runs a stress test for about 60 s with different number of threads and different loops.

Table 9. System concurrency test eesults
Full size table

Observing the data in Table 9, we can see that the system access error rate of the traditional effect evaluation system 1 increases gradually when the thread number setting increases in turn, and reaches more than 50% when it increases to 1000, which is basically unbearable, and the throughput drops obviously, which can not maintain the high application level in the high thread. Traditional evaluation system 2 faces the situation that the number of threads is increasing continuously, but it also has the situation that the system access rate is increasing. When it increases to 1000, the system error rate reaches more than 60%, the system can not run normally, and the throughput drops more obviously. This shows that it is difficult for the system to keep good performance when the number of threads increases. However, with the increase of the number of threads, the error rate of design system access remains at a very low level of 0.5%, and the throughput does not decline significantly, and it always remains at a high level. Load performance test results show that the system based on MOA model has good adaptability and can be effectively applied to multi-party collaborative environment.

5 Concluding Remarks

In this paper, with the support of the original research data and literature materials, the MOA model-based evaluation system of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship effect is designed, which provides more possibilities for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education. After the system design is completed, the high adaptability of the evaluation system is verified through a large number of comparative experiments, and the problems existing in the traditional evaluation system are solved. However, due to the limitation of time and technology, the system still has some shortcomings. The basic education of innovation and entrepreneurship involves a wide range, so it is possible to choose the evaluation index. Therefore, in the follow-up research, we will further improve the evaluation indicators and content, promote the improvement of innovation and entrepreneurship education level of college students, so as to achieve the purpose of carrying out satisfactory vocational education.