Putting Sarajevo on the World Tourist Map

Jovanovic, Zlatko

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76598-9_2

Zlatko Jovanovic³

Part of the book series: Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe ((MOMEIDSEE))

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Abstract

Dealing with the local/global dimension of the Olympics, the chapter proceeds by exploring strategies behind Sarajevo’s candidacy. Stressing that despite the main argument for the candidacy was economic, insisting that the event could serve as a springboard to developing the city into a global tourist centre, the chapter shows that processes of nomination and preparation for the Games had a number of important cultural implications. Examining these implications from different perspectives, the chapter maps how the Olympics affected representations of Sarajevo as a global winter tourism centre, how they emerged as an inescapable temporal and cultural point of reference in the city, how they triggered rising awareness for the city’s cultural uniqueness and finally how they became a bearer of the city’s youth’s identity.

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Notes

1.
There were 49 participating countries in Sarajevo compared with 37 at the Games in Grenoble 1968, Innsbruck 1976 and Lake Placid 1980. The record in terms of number of the athletes was also broken, with the Sarajevo Games easily surpassing the previous record held by the Grenoble 1968 Games with 1290 participants (1280 in Lake Placid and 1260 in Innsbruck 1976). In Sarajevo 1490 athletes competed.
2.
It is less known, but in no way less interesting, that the winter events for the physically handicapped were also organised for the first time at the Sarajevo Games (J.-L. Chappelet 2012, 78).
3.
Pripremni komitet za kandidaturu grada Sarajeva za organizovanje zimskih olimpijskih igara 1984. g., ‘Prijedlog mogućnosti grada Sarajeva za zimske olimpijske igre 1984.g.’, Sarajevo 30.9.1977, 3–5, JOK—832/F-11. Arhiv Jugoslavije [The Archives of Yugoslavia], Belgrade, Serbia.
4.
Alija Resulović, ‘Atinski dnevnik (3): Kako je Sarajevo postalo domaćin Zimske olimpijade ’84. Invazija inspektora’, Oslobođenje 2.6.1978, 10.
5.
‘Intervju: Pavle Lukač, direktor sektora za štampu i informiranje ‘ZOI 84. Vučko pada na nos’, Polet 206, 6.10.1982, 6–7.
6.
According to The Great Geographic Atlas of Yugoslavia, in the period between 1955 and 1984 Bosnia and Herzegovina’s GDP per capita fell from 83% to 69% of the Yugoslav average (VGAJ 1987, 60).
7.
As Kate Meehan Pedrotty (2010, 336) puts it, the foreign tourists had been ‘Yugoslavia’s bread and butter since the mid-1960s’.
8.
‘Dobro nam došla olimpijado’, Nedeljna Borba (Specijalni dodatak povodom 14. zimskih olimpijskih igara), 4–5.2.1984, 1.
9.
According to Aida Ličina Ramić (2017, 129), a test of the quality of water in the Miljacka in the early 1970s showed that at times up to 71% of the water in the river originated in the city’s sewers.
10.
Jugoslovenski Olimpijski Komitet, ‘Stenografske beleške sa sednice Predsedništva Jugoslovenskog Olimpijskog Komiteta’, 26.5.1977, 48, JOK—832/F-10. Arhiv Jugoslavije [The Archives of Yugoslavia], Belgrade, Serbia.
11.
Jugoslovenski Olimpijski Komitet, ‘Stenografske beleške sa Prve sednice Predsedništva Jugoslovenskog Olimpijskog Komiteta’, 15.10.1977, 66, JOK—832/F-11. Arhiv Jugoslavije [The Archives of Yugoslavia], Belgrade, Serbia.
12.
For more on this topic see (Berg 2016).
13.
Falun, the proposed venue for the Nordic events, was almost 500 km away, while Hammarstrand (luge) and Åre (alpine disciplines) were both over 800 km away from the city of Gothenburg.
14.
Milan Nikolić, ‘Na startu Sarajevo drugo’, Sport 18.5.1978, 23.
15.
P. Lukač & M. Radojčić, ‘Ili prvi ili “večiti drugi”’, Politika 18.5.1978, 22.
16.
For example Ml. T., ‘Realne šanse Sarajeva’, Oslobođenje 18.4.1978, 13.
17.
Z. Čolić, ‘Debakl švedske ideje’ & Alija Resulović, ‘Čestitke koje nose obavezu’, Oslobođenje 19.5.1978, 16.
18.
Alija Resulović, ‘Atinski dnevnik: Kako je Sarajevo postalo domaćin zimske olimpijade ’84’, Oslobođenje 31.5.–8.6.1978.
19.
Izvršno vijeće Skupštine Socijalističke Republike Bosne i Hercegovine, ‘Društveni dogovor o organizovanju i finansiranju XIV zimskih olimpijskih igara 1984. godina u Sarajevu’. Historijski Arhiv Sarajevo [Sarajevo Historical Archives], Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
20.
H. Arifagić, ‘“Srebrna vidra” olimpijskom gradu’, Oslobođenje 14.1.1980, 9.
21.
‘Olimpijski dnevnik: Ime na karti svijeta’, Oslobođenje 19.2.1980, 15.
22.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevski olimpijski vremeplov (5): Jahorina—Kolijevka igara’ 18.12.1982, 9.
23.
The mentioned mountains were Bjelašnica and Trebević .
24.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevski olimpijski vremeplov (1): Ljepotice Malog polja’, Oslobođenje 13.12.1982, 8.
25.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevski olimpijski vremeplov (3): Trebevićke inovacije’, Oslobođenje 15.12.1982, 11.
26.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevski olimpijski vremeplov (6): Bjelašnica—Od bespuća do svjetskog centra’, Oslobođenje 19.12.1982, 11.
27.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevski olimpijski vremeplov (5): Jahorina—Kolijevka igara’, Oslobođenje 18.12.1982, 9.
28.
V. Spahović, ‘Tri nagrade čekaju prvu’, Oslobođenje 12.2.1981, 12.
29.
O. Đoković, ‘Novi sport u srcima sarajlija’, Oslobođenje 5.3.1983, 12.
30.
This was most notably the case with Pale and Koran.
31.
B. R. ‘Točkić’, Oslobođenje 16.10.1983, 7.
32.
Dragan Nikitović, ‘ZOI za ceo svet’, Nedeljna Borba 21–22.1.1984, 16.
33.
R. Mučibabić, ‘Novinarski centar sveta’, Borba 19.1.1984, 10.
34.
Dragan Nikitović, ‘ZOI za ceo svet’, Nedeljna Borba 21–22.1.1984, 16.
35.
‘U susret XIV ZOI “Sarajevo ’84”. Čast i obaveza’, Oslobođenje (specijalni dodatak ’Uz dan oslobođenja—Sarajevo’) 6.4.1982, 3.
36.
Pripremni komitet za kandidaturu grada Sarajeva za organizovanje zimskih olimpijskih igara 1984. g., ‘Prijedlog mogućnosti grada Sarajeva za Zimske Olimpijske igre 1984.g.’, Sarajevo 30.9.1977, 3–5, JOK—832/F-11. Arhiv Jugoslavije [The Archives of Yugoslavia], Belgrade, Serbia.
37.
Organizacioni Komitet XIV Zimskih Olimpijskih Igara ’84, ‘Stenografske bilješke Prve sjednice Organizacionog Komiteta XIV Zimskih Olimpijskih igara 1984’, 3.10.1978. Historijski Arhiv Sarajevo [Sarajevo Historical Archives], Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
38.
Organizacioni Komitet XIV Zimskih Olimpijskih Igara ’84, ‘Nacrt osnove prostornog plana ZOI ’84’, 1979, 22. Historijski Arhiv Sarajevo [Sarajevo Historical Archives], Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
39.
Kemal Kurspahić, ‘Sarajevski koraci u susret 1984. godini. Olimpijske igre—razvojni poduhvat’, Oslobođenje 31.12.1979, 1.&2.1.1980, 5.
40.
‘Olimpijada—izuzetna razvojna šansa’, Oslobođenje 25.12.1980, 7.
41.
‘Iz intervjua Raifa Dizdarevića RTS’, Naši dani 699, 26.12.1980–2.1.1981, 3.
42.
Ibid.
43.
‘Sarajevo među najljepšima’, Oslobođenje Žurnal 17.5.1981, 6.
44.
Đoko Ninković, ‘Bez riječi’, Oslobođenje 18.2.1982, 3.
45.
B. Romano, ‘Predolimpijski dani. Igre bez sjenke’, Oslobođenje 27.11.1983, 2.
46.
Boro Radosavljević, ‘Od borilišta do borilišta. Olimpijski ulog za sutra’, Oslobođenje 28, 29 & 30.11.1983, 5.
47.
Boro Radosavljević, ‘Pripreme za 14. zimske olimpijske igre. Sarajevski korak u budućnost’, Naši dani 699, 26.12.1980–2.1.1981, 22.
48.
Zoi-tours is a compound word referring to the Serbo-Croatian name for the Winter Olympic Games—Zimske Olimpijske Igre, commonly shortened to ZOI.
49.
Boro Radosavljević, ‘Bosanksohercegovačke turističke perspektive. Budućnost počinje u februaru’, Oslobođenje 28, 29 & 30.11.1983, 5.
50.
Muharem Durić, ‘Sarajevska olimpijska razglednica: Nadmetanja, radovanja, drugovanja’, Politika 17.2.1984, 9.
51.
Ekrem Avdić, ‘Intervju “Nedelje”: S Olimpijadom u 21. vijek’, Oslobođenje —Nedelja 28.1.1984, 6.
52.
Darjan Zadravec, ‘Ljudi su svjetlost grada’, Oslobođenje 25.8.1983, 4.
53.
Ekrem Avdić, ‘Intervju “Nedelje”: S Olimpijadom u 21. vijek’, Oslobođenje —Nedelja 28.1.1984, 6.
54.
Enver Demirović, ‘Poslije Olimpijade: Vrata ostaju otvorena’, Borba 18–19.2.1984, 4.
55.
This is how the leaders of the new-established ‘Olimpik-turs’ (Olympic Tours) expressed it on the occasion of 1982 celebration of the city’s liberation day. ‘Sarajevo: Uz dan oslobođenja: Olimpik Turs. Savremena i renomirana turistička organizacija’. Oslobođenje 6.4.1982, 19.
56.
J. Karaga, ‘Od suvenira do kreditne kartice’, Oslobođenje 6.5.1983, 8.
57.
Miroslav Arapovich, ’Olimpijada jeeeeeeeeee!!!—Interview: Vučko (glavom i bez brade) “Auuuu!”’, Naši dani 803, 10.1.1984, 11.
58.
B. Radosavljević, ‘Sarajevo—svjetski centar za obrazovanje sportskih stručnjaka’, Oslobođenje 22.10.1981, 12.
59.
S. Rakočević, ‘Jugoslovenska turistička šansa’, Oslobođenje 27.10.1981, 7.
60.
N.L. ‘Zasijedala skupština grada. Olimpijada—novi pravac razvoja’, Oslobođenje 28.10.1983, 9.
61.
D. Švarc, ‘Sarajevo okrenuto svijetu’, Oslobođenje 8.3.1983, 10.
62.
The president of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Bosna and Herzegovina, Hamdija Pozderac, argued that the Olympics provided the city with an opportunity ‘to open itself to the world’. In B. Radosavljević ‘Olimpijada—još čvršća veza sa svijetom’, Oslobođenje 27.8.1982, 1.
63.
‘Olimpijska hronika. Strana štampa o ZOI. Egzotičan grad’, Oslobođenje 23.12.1983, 10.
64.
R. Kolar, ‘Hoteli uz stare česme’, Oslobođenje 10.9.1980, 11.
65.
Lj. Đ., ‘Novi sjaj Baščaršije’, Oslobođenje 16.10.1983, 14.
66.
J.V. ‘Uređenje Baščaršije za olimpijadu’, Oslobođenje 10.7.1983, 6.
67.
El. Ka. ‘Gosti grada. Sarajevo je svake godine bogatije’, Oslobođenje , 13.8.1983, 12.
68.
Darjan Zadravec ‘Ljudi su svjetlost grada’, Oslobođenje 25.8.1983, 4.
69.
‘Sarajevo, olimpijski grad’, Nedeljna Borba (Specijalni dodatak povodom 14. zimskih olimpijskih igara), 4–5.2.1984, 2.
70.
Sarajevo’s (f) Department Store.
71.
‘Sarajevo, olimpijski grad’, Nedeljna Borba (Specijalni dodatak povodom 14. zimskih olimpijskih igara), 5.2.1984, 2.
72.
El. Ka. ‘Gosti grada. Sarajevo je svake godine bogatije’, Oslobođenje , 13.8.1983, 12.
73.
Melita Karalić, ‘Drugi o Olimpijadi. Duga između svijetova i vjekova’, Oslobođenje 14.1.1984, 5.
74.
Edvard Piket, ‘Igre sa stilom i duhom’, Oslobođenje 8.1.1984, 13.
75.
Melita Karalić, ‘Duga između svijetova i vjekova’, Oslobođenje 14.1.1984, 5.
76.
Sl. D. ‘Svaki dom olimpijski’, Oslobođenje 12.10.1983, 9.
77.
Ćamil Sijarić ‘Volimo li Sarajevo? Oslobođenje 18.6.1983, 9.
78.
Melita Karalić, ‘Duga između svijetova i vjekova’, Oslobođenje 14.1.1984, 5.
79.
Darjan Zadravec ‘Ljudi su svjetlost grada’, Oslobođenje 25.8.1983, 4.
80.
Željko Žutelija, ‘Olimpia na Jahorini,’ Start 244, 31.5.1978, 18–20.
81.
E.I., ‘Pet prstenova da ih svako nosi’, Oslobođenje 7.4.1982, 6.
82.
Milomir Marić, ‘Sve o zimskoj olimpijadi: Pred početak Olimpijade. Sneško Belić u bosanskom loncu’, Duga 259, 28.1.1984, 22–23.
83.
F. Arifagić, ‘Pahuljica koja se ne topi’, Oslobođenje 16.1.1983, 5.
84.
R. Ćerimagić, ‘Predolimpijski dani. Da dodamo. Novi duh grada’, Oslobođenje 18.4.1982, 11.
85.
M. A. (Miroslav Arapovich), ’Olimpijada jeeeeeeeeee!!!—Mali Vremeplov’, Naši dani 803, 10.1.1984, 10.
86.
E.L., ’Otvoren ”Ski 84”’, Oslobođenje 4.3.1981, 13.
87.
M. Palameta, ‘Oni se bude. Sarajevski rokeri sezona jesen/zima 1982’, Naši dani 765, 10.12.1982, 8–9.
88.
A pun counterposing the words Bonton (Etiquette) and Baya (pronunciation version of the word ‘baja’ meaning ‘uncultured’ or ‘having bad manners’).
89.
Pronounced as Elvis G. Kurtović (cf. pronunciation ‘tj’).
90.
Vlado Pandža, ‘Zabranjeno pušenje. Primitives long live now’, Džuboks 181, 10.1984, 12–13.
91.
Zlatko Hadžidedić, ‘Ponovo o primitivcima. Kako se babo Atif vratio kući’ Naši dani 820, 14.9.1984, 12; It should also be noted that besides being a film director, Emir Kusturica was also bass-guitarist of Zabranjeno pušenje, what makes the connection even closer.
92.
Among others by Mladina, Polet , Naši dani , and Mladost (For more on this see Jovanovic 2014).
93.
Stanko Brezarić, ‘Tko sam ja, dr. Nelle Karajlić? (2): Shockirash me, majke mi’, Polet 315, 31.5.1985, 27.
94.
Baščaršy is a pun and a typical pseudo-Anglicisation of Baščaršija created by ending the existing word (similarly to Bonton Baya) with the letter ‘y’, which does not exist in Serbo-Croatian.
95.
It was later released on the band’s demo LP Mitovi i legende o kralju Elvisu (EJK 1984).
96.
Krešo Palameta, ‘Na Elvisovoj promociji. Mitovi i legende o kralju Elvisu’, Naši dani 804, 18.2.1984, 14.
97.
Krešo Palameta, ‘Intervju: Nenad Štrbac, Bonton baya. To je odiseja ’83’ Naši dani 806, 2.3.1984, 14.
98.
K.P., ‘Baja ipak bez poreza’, Naši dani 785, 27.5.1983, 15.
99.
Tomislav Wruss, ‘Plavi orkestar: Soldatski bal. Dvosjekli mač’, Polet 315, 31.5.1985, 29.
100.
Fikret N. Mujičić, ‘Sarajevska rock scena. Vjetrovi Miljacke lahori Jahorine’, Polet 1.4.1981, 20.
101.
Stanko Brezarić, “Tko sam ja, dr. Nelle Karajlić? (2): Shockirash me, majke mi,” Polet 315, 31.5.1985, 27.

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The Many Roads in Modernity, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Zlatko Jovanovic

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Jovanovic, Z. (2021). Putting Sarajevo on the World Tourist Map. In: A Cultural History of the 1984 Winter Olympics. Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76598-9_2

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76598-9_2
Published: 20 August 2021
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
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