Abstract
The role of metropolitan areas has been the subject of careful and profound reflection by European Union’s institutions which have revised their development and cohesion policies. Large metropolitan areas are a main driver for development, but at the same time they tend to grow and feed themselves at the expense of surrounding territory.
In Italy the choice to make the Città metropolitane coincide with the old province makes sense and reason only if the fate of weak and poorest areas should integrated with the one of the strongest and richest. In this sense Metropolitan City is intended as a vast and inclusive territory that need a strategy taking into account the specificities, potentials and legitimate aspirations of inner territories without privileging central core or coastal areas.
The hypothesis to be developed in the paper is that the Reggio Calabria metropolitan strategic plan should be characterized by a more flexible territorial planning capable of creating networked projects, outlining a long-term general framework and taking into account that with different objectives different perimeters may correspond. A “variable geometry” which, while taking into account the municipal or inter-municipal administrative limits, pursues an integrated method, able to ensure the coherence between sectoral policies and articulated according to the different territorial divisions.
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Notes
- 1.
The acronym LEADER from French stands for Liason Entre Actions de Développment de l’Economie Rurale and supports rural development projects designed at the local level in order to revitalize the territory and create jobs.
- 2.
Department of Development and Cohesion Policies. For those wishing to investigate the topic, we recommend consulting the site of the Agency for Territorial Cohesion, from which I obtained the information reported in the text, at the following address: http://www.agenziacoesione.gov.it/it/arint.
- 3.
According to the number of daily passengers/users the Ferrovie dello Stato divide italian railway stations in four different cathegories: 1) Platinum (>25.000); 2) Gold (>10.000); 3) Silver (>2.500); 4) Bronze.
- 4.
European Union, Regional Policy Dept. (2011), Cities of tomorrow. Challenges, Visions, Ways forward. [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/citiesoftomorrow/citiesoftomorrow_final.pdf.
- 5.
There are several studies developed in recent years that have proposed a perimeter of the metropolitan area. The first hypotheses developed in this regard referred to the conurbation identified by Lucio Gambi (1965), including the centers of Reggio Calabria, Villa San Giovanni and Campo Calabro. This hypothesis was taken up by two of the greatest Italian urban planners of the time, Giuseppe Samonà and Ludovico Quaroni; the first on the occasion of the competition for the General plan of Messina in the 1960s, the second on the occasion of the international competition for the Bridge over the Strait of 1969, as part of a proposal for the structure of the metropolitan area of the Strait. More recently, this hypothesis has been reconsidered within the studies for the preparation of the territorial coordination plan of the province.
- 6.
Boix R., Veneri P. (2009), Metropolitan areas in Spain and Italy, Institut d’estudis regionals i metropolitans de Barcelona (IermB), https://ideas.repec.org/p/esg/wpierm/0901.html.
- 7.
According to the n° 56/2014 Law, the Città metropolitana have to develop two different plans: a Territorial Plan of Metropolitan city (PTM- Piano Territoriale Metropolitano) an a three years based Strategic Plan. Waiting to start with the design of PTM all Metropolitan cirties have adopted the old Territorial plan of the former Provence, that most likely will be a starting point for the new Metropolitan plan.
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Fera, G., Lombardo, M.T. (2021). The Città Metropolitana as an Opportunity to Promote Integrated Development Between Central and Marginal Areas: The Case of Reggio Calabria. In: Bevilacqua, C., Calabrò, F., Della Spina, L. (eds) New Metropolitan Perspectives. NMP 2020. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 178. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48279-4_10
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