Skip to main content

A Supervised Method for Extractive Single Document Summarization Based on Sentence Embeddings and Neural Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD’2019) (AI2SD 2019)

Abstract

Extractive summarization consists of generating a summary by ranking sentences from the original texts according to their importance and salience. Text representation is a fundamental process that affects the effectiveness of many text summarization methods. Distributed word vector representations have been shown to improve Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, especially Automatic Text Summarization (ATS). However, most of them do not consider the order and the context of the words in a sentence. This does not fully allow grasping the sentence semantics and the syntactic relationships between sentences constituents. In this paper, to overcome this problem, we propose a deep neural network model based-method for extractive single document summarization using the state-of-the-art sentence embedding models. Experiments are performed on the standard DUC2002 dataset using three sentence embedding models. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the used sentence embedding models for ATS. The overall comparison results show that our method outperforms eight well-known ATS baselines and achieves comparable results to the state-of-the-art deep learning based methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://spacy.io/.

  2. 2.

    https://www.nltk.org/.

  3. 3.

    https://duc.nist.gov/.

  4. 4.

    ROUGE-1.5.5 with options: -n 2 -m -u -c 95 -x -r 1000 -f A -p 0.5 -t.

  5. 5.

    https://www.tensorflow.org/.

  6. 6.

    https://keras.io/.

  7. 7.

    https://github.com/kawine/usif.

  8. 8.

    https://github.com/tensorflow/models/tree/master/research/skip_thoughts.

  9. 9.

    https://tfhub.dev/google/universal-sentence-encoder/1.

  10. 10.

    https://github.com/miso-belica/sumy.

References

  1. Arora, S., Liang, Y., Ma, T.: A simple but tough-to-beat baseline for sentence embeddings (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cao, Z., Wei, F., Dong, L., Li, S., Zhou, M.: Ranking with recursive neural networks and its application to multi-document summarization. In: Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cao, Z., Wei, F., Li, S., Li, W., Zhou, M., Houfeng, W.: Learning summary prior representation for extractive summarization. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers), vol. 2, pp. 829–833 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cer, D., Yang, Y., Kong, S., Hua, N., Limtiaco, N., John, R.S., Constant, N., Guajardo-Cespedes, M., Yuan, S., Tar, C., et al.: Universal sentence encoder. arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.11175 (2018)

  5. Cheng, J., Lapata, M.: Neural summarization by extracting sentences and words. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.07252 (2016)

  6. Denil, M., Demiraj, A., De Freitas, N.: Extraction of salient sentences from labelled documents. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6815 (2014)

  7. Erkan, G., Radev, D.R.: LexRank: graph-based lexical centrality as salience in text summarization. J. Artif. Intell. Res. 22, 457–479 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ethayarajh, K.: Unsupervised random walk sentence embeddings: a strong but simple baseline. In: Proceedings of The Third Workshop on Representation Learning for NLP, pp. 91–100 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Haghighi, A., Vanderwende, L.: Exploring content models for multi-document summarization. In: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 362–370. Association for Computational Linguistics (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Iyyer, M., Manjunatha, V., Boyd-Graber, J., Daumé III, H.: Deep unordered composition rivals syntactic methods for text classification. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers), vol. 1, pp. 1681–1691 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Jain, A., Bhatia, D., Thakur, M.K.: Extractive text summarization using word vector embedding. In: 2017 International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Science (MLDS), pp. 51–55. IEEE (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kågebäck, M., Mogren, O., Tahmasebi, N., Dubhashi, D.: Extractive summarization using continuous vector space models. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Continuous Vector Space Models and their Compositionality (CVSC), pp. 31–39 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kingma, D.P., Ba, J.: Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980 (2014)

  14. Kiros, R., Zhu, Y., Salakhutdinov, R.R., Zemel, R., Urtasun, R., Torralba, A., Fidler, S.: Skip-thought vectors. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 3294–3302 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kobayashi, H., Noguchi, M., Yatsuka, T.: Summarization based on embedding distributions. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2015, Lisbon, Portugal, 17–21 September 2015, pp. 1984–1989 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Le, Q.V., Mikolov, T.: Distributed representations of sentences and documents. In: Proceedings of the 31th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2014, Beijing, China, 21–26 June 2014, pp. 1188–1196 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lin, C.Y.: ROUGE: a package for automatic evaluation of summaries. In: Text Summarization Branches Out (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Luhn, H.P.: The automatic creation of literature abstracts. IBM J. Res. Dev. 2(2), 159–165 (1958)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Mihalcea, R., Tarau, P.: TextRank: bringing order into text. In: Proceedings of the 2004 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 3111–3119 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Nallapati, R., Zhai, F., Zhou, B.: Summarunner: a recurrent neural network based sequence model for extractive summarization of documents. In: Thirty-First AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Radev, D.R., Jing, H., Styś, M., Tam, D.: Centroid-based summarization of multiple documents. Inf. Process. Manag. 40(6), 919–938 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ren, P., Wei, F., Zhumin, C., Jun, M., Zhou, M.: A redundancy-aware sentence regression framework for extractive summarization. In: Proceedings of COLING 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers, pp. 33–43 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rossiello, G., Basile, P., Semeraro, G.: Centroid-based text summarization through compositionality of word embeddings. In: Proceedings of the MultiLing 2017 Workshop on Summarization and Summary Evaluation Across Source Types and Genres, pp. 12–21 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Saggion, H., Poibeau, T.: Automatic text summarization: past, present and future. In: Multi-Source, Multilingual Information Extraction and Summarization, pp. 3–21 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Srivastava, N., Hinton, G., Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Salakhutdinov, R.: Dropout: a simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 15(1), 1929–1958 (2014)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Steinberger, J.: Using latent semantic analysis in text summarization and summary evaluation (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Vanderwende, L., Suzuki, H., Brockett, C., Nenkova, A.: Beyond sumbasic: task-focused summarization with sentence simplification and lexical expansion. Inf. Process. Manag. 43(6), 1606–1618 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Wei, Y., Zhao, Y., Lu, C., Wei, S., Liu, L., Zhu, Z., Yan, S.: Cross-modal retrieval with cnn visual features: a new baseline. IEEE Trans. Cybern. 47(2), 449–460 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Yin, W., Pei, Y.: Optimizing sentence modeling and selection for document summarization. In: Twenty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Yousefi-Azar, M., Hamey, L.: Text summarization using unsupervised deep learning. Expert Syst. Appl. 68, 93–105 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhang, Y., Er, M.J., Pratama, M.: Extractive document summarization based on convolutional neural networks. In: IECON 2016-42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 918–922. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Zhong, S., Liu, Y., Li, B., Long, J.: Query-oriented unsupervised multi-document summarization via deep learning model. Expert Syst. Appl. 42(21), 8146–8155 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Salima Lamsiyah .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lamsiyah, S., El Mahdaouy, A., El Alaoui, S.O., Espinasse, B. (2020). A Supervised Method for Extractive Single Document Summarization Based on Sentence Embeddings and Neural Networks. In: Ezziyyani, M. (eds) Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD’2019). AI2SD 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1105. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36674-2_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics