Skip to main content

Integrating Set-Based Design into Cost Analysis

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Systems Engineering in Context

Abstract

The DoD science and technology communities seek to improve decision-making capability in analysis of alternatives (AoA) through implementing model-based engineering (MBE) early in the design process. Point-based design has been the traditional design method and often converges quickly on a solution that may later require unexpected engineering changes which may impact cost. Set-based design (SBD) considers sets of all possible solutions early in the design phase and enables down-selecting possibilities to converge to a final solution. When physics-based design, cost, and value models are well integrated, design options can be simultaneously analyzed generating numerous alternatives allowing exploration of a larger tradespace. Using an Army ground vehicle as a platform of study, this research applied the principals of set-based design through integration of an engineering model with a cost model. Stakeholder requirements were integrated to incorporate value into the design tradespace. The process of integrating SBD into the cost, engineering, and value models generated analytical insights of the design alternatives within the tradespace that provide guidance for future integration efforts. By exploring the SBD tradespace, analysts can potentially explore more high-value design solutions along the efficient frontier.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. U.S. Office of Management and Budget. (2008). Circular no. A–11, preparation, submission and execution of the budget. Washington, DC: Executive Office of the President.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Spero, E., Avera, M., Valdez, P., & Goerger, S. (2014). Tradespace exploration for the engineering of resilient systems. 2014 Conference on Systems Engineering Research Procedia Computer Science, 28, 591–600.

    Google Scholar 

  3. GovEvents. Design sciences series: Set-based design. Retrieved November 7, 2017, from https://www.govevents.com/details/24509/design-sciences-series-set-based-design/

  4. Iansiti, M. (1995). Shooting the rapids: Managing product development in turbulent environments. California Management Review, 38, 37–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kalyanaram, G., & Krishnan, V. (1997). Deliberate product definition: Customizing the product definition process. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(2), 276–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sobek, D. K., Ward, A. C., & Liker, J. K. (1999). Toyota’s principles of set-based concurrent engineering. Sloan Management Review, 40(2), 67–83.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Singer, D. J., Doerry, N., & Buckley, M. E. (2009). What is set-based design? Naval Engineers Journal, 121(4), 31–43.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Berstein, J. I. (1998). Design methods in the aerospace industry: Looking for evidence of set-based practices. Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Master of Science thesis.

    Google Scholar 

  9. NASA. (2015). NASA cost estimating handbook. Washington, DC: NASA.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Richards, J., Kelley, D., Hardin, D., & Church, H. (2017). Generating the cost domain of the tradespace for lifecycle cost analysis. Vicksburg, MS: Internal ERDC.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Government Accounting Office. (2009). GAO cost estimating and assessment guide: Best practices for developing and managing capital program costs. United States Government Accountability Office, Applied Research and Methods.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Castanier, M., Pokoyoway, A., & Bronstetter, G. (2016). Using ERS tools for trade space exploration of military ground vehicles. NDIA Systems Engineering Conference. Springfield, VA.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cherwonik, J. (2017). Engineered resilient systems (ERS) lifecycle cost analysis for trade-space generation. Vicksburg, MS: Internal ERDC.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Feickert, A. (2017). Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT) mobility, reconnaissance, and firepower programs. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Blakeman, S., Gibbs, A., & Jeynathan, J. (2008). Study of the mine resistant ambush protected (MRAP) vehicle program as a model for rapid defense acquisitions (MBA Professional Report). Monterey, CA: Naval Post Graduate School.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Canaley, W. P. (2013). Joint light tactical vehicle: A case study. Carlisle, PA: U.S. Army War College.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. Parnell, G. S. (2016). Trade-off analytics: Creating and exploring the system tradespace (p. 367). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Rinaudo, C. H., Buchanan, R. K., & Barnett, S. K. Applying the robustness (broad utility) workflow to assess resiliency for engineered resilient systems. 2016 Conference on Systems Engineering Research.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Defense Engineered Resilient Systems program for its support of this research. Additionally, this paper is based on collaborative research with the US Army Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) Cost and Systems Analysis Division, Technomics Inc., and the US Army Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) Analytics—Computational Methods and System Behavior (CMSB) Team.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Randy K. Buchanan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Buchanan, R.K., Richards, J.E., Rinaudo, C.H., Goerger, S.R. (2019). Integrating Set-Based Design into Cost Analysis. In: Adams, S., Beling, P., Lambert, J., Scherer, W., Fleming, C. (eds) Systems Engineering in Context. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00114-8_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics