Abstract
2012 witnessed the return of ‘variable geometry’ to the centre of the debate about the future of European integration.
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References
Interview with François Hollande published in Le Monde and The Guardian, 17 October 2012.
Jacques Delors uses the term creuset. See J. Delors and A. Vittorino, “La zone euro, creuset de l’Union politique”, Le Figaro, 27 November 2012.
Gerrit Wiesmann, ‘Merkel insists on two-speed Europe’, Financial Times, 7 June 2012
See P. Schnapper, “What future for the UK in the European Union?”, European Issues — Policy papers by the Robert Schuman Foundation, no254, 8 October 2012.
European Council, “Conclusions of the European Council of 24 and 25 March 2011”, EUCO 10/1/11 REV 1.
European Council, Treaty on the Stability, Coordination and Governance within the Economic and Monetary Union signed on 2 March 2012.
T. Chopin and J.-F. Jamet, “How to unblock the EU’s unanimity stalemate”, Europe’s World, Autumn 2008.
The EEA States which are not EU members have observer status within the EBA.
These contributions are additional to the EU budget and increase the resources of the latter.
The Lisbon Treaty introduced an exit clause from the European Union (article 50).
The EEA Council comprises the members of the EU Council, the relevant members of the governments of the EEA States that are not EU Members, as well as a representative from the European Commission. To adopt a similar functioning to that of the EU Council, only the ministers from the EEA Member States would hold seats and participate to votes of the EEA Council following the revision of the Agreement.
See the recommendations in the Herman van Rompuy report written with Jose Manuel Barroso, Mario Draghi and Jean-Claude Juncker, Towards a Genuine Economic and Monetary Union, 5 December 2012.
see T. Chopin, J.-F. Jamet, F.-X. Priollaud, “A Political Union for Europe”, European Issue, Robert Schuman Foundation, September 2012.
Towards a Genuine Economic and Monetary Union, op. cit.
Thierry Chopin and Jean-François Jamet, “Can differentiation help towards deepening Community integration ?” European Issues-Policy papers by the Robert Schuman Foundation, no106 and 107, July 2008.
see “Amazon, Google et Starbucks payent-ils leurs impôts en Europe ?”, La Tribune, 13 November 2012
Proposal for a Council directive on a Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) COM(2011) 121/4.
Nicolas Sarkozy et Angela Merkel, Letter to the President of the European Council 7 August 2011
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Jamet, JF. (2013). Several Europes but which ones? A proposal to rationalise European integration. In: Chopin, T., Foucher, M. (eds) Schuman Report on Europe. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0451-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0451-4_5
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