Abstract
Haemophilus sonrnus causes several disease syndromes in cattle and sheep but is also carried asymptomatically, especially on the genital mucosa. The factors involved in determining whether disease or asymptomatic carriage result are only beginning to be defined. Both host and bacteria contribute to the outcome of the dynamic interaction. To gain some insight into H. sonrnus/host interactions, it is necessary to consider what is known of the disease or asymptomatic conditions seen as well as current information on virulence factors and host immune response. This review constitutes the biased synthesis of the reviewers’ thoughts on available data relative to H. sonrnus infection.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexander-Hanley, C., Widders, P., 1989, Scrum killing and phagocytosis of Haemophilus somnus isolates that differ in Fc receptor activity, ASM meeting, Abstract B-174.
Ball, H.J., Kennedy, S., Ellis, W.A., 1991, Experimental reproduction of ovine vulvitis with bacteria of the haemophilus/histophilus group, Res. Vet. Sci. 50: 81–85.
Beauregard, M., and Higgins, R., 1983, Ovine mastitis due to Histophilus ovis, Can. Vet. J. 24: 284–286.
Biberstein, E., 1981, Haemophilus somnus and Haemophilus agni. in:“Haemophilus, Pasteurella and Actinobacillus”, M. Kilian, W. Frederiksen, E. Biherstein, eds., p. 125, Acad Press, Inc, London.
Bulgin, M.S., 1990, Epididymitis in rams and lambs, Adv. in Sheep and Goat Med. 6: 683–690.
Bulgin, M.S., and Anderson, B.C., 1983, Association of sexual experience with isolation of various bacteria in cases of ovine epididymitis, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 182: 372–374.
Chiang, Y.W., Kaeberle, M.L., and Roth, J.A., 1986, Identification of suppressive components in Haemophilus somnus fractions which inhibit bovine polymorphonuclear leucocyte function., Infect. Imnun. 52: 792–797.
Cole, S.P., Guiney, D.G., and Corbeil, L.B., 1992, Two linked genes for outer membrane proteins are absent in four non-disease strains of Ilaemophilus somnus, Molec. Microbiol. 6: 1895–1902.
Cole, S.P., Guiney, D.G., and Corbeil, L.B., 1993, Molecular analysis of a gene encoding a serumresistance-associated 76 kDa surface antigen of Haemophilus somnus. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139: 2135–2143.
Corbeil, L.B., 1990, Molecular aspects of some virulence factors of Haemophilus somnus, Can. J. Vet. Res. 54: S57 - S62.
Corbeil, L.B., Arthur, J.E., Widders, P.R., Smith, J.W., and Barbet, A.F., 1987, Antigenic specificity of convalescent serum from cattle with Haemophilia somnus induced experimental abortion, Infect. Immun. 55: 1381–1386.
Corbeil, L.B., Blau, K., Prieur, D.J., and Ward, A.C.S., 1985. Serum susceptibility of Haemophilus somnus from bovine clinical cases and carriers, J. Clin. Micro. 22: 192–198.
Corbeil, L.B., Chikami, G., Yarnall, M., Smith, J., and Guiney, D.G., 1988, Cloning and expression of genes encoding for Haemophilus sonnets antigens. Infect. Immun. 56: 2736–2742.
Corbeil, L.B., Kania, S.A., and Gogolewski, R.P., 1991. Characterization of immunodominant surface antigens of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 59: 4295–4301.
Corbeil, L.B., Watt, B., Corbeil, R.R., Betzen, T.G., Brownson, R.K., and Morrill, J.L., 1984, Immunoglobulin concentrations in serum and nasal secretions of calves at the onset of pneumonia, Am. J. Vet. Res. 45: 773–778.
Czuprynski, C.J., and Hamilton, H.L., 1985, Bovine neutrophils ingest but do not kill Ilaemophilus somnus in vitro. Infect. Immun. 50: 431–436.
Gogolewski, R.P., Kania, S.A., inzana, T.J., Widders, P.R., Liggitt, H.D., and Corbeil, L.B., 1987a. Protective ability and specificity of convalescent serum from Haemophilus somnus pneumonia, Infect. Immun. 55: 1403–1411.
Gogolewski, R.P., Kania, S.A., Liggitt, H.D., and Corbeil, L.B., 1988, Protective ability of monospecific sera against 78 kDa and 40-kDa outer membrane antigens of “Haemophilus somnus”, infect. Immun. 56: 2301–2316.
Gogolewski, R.P., Leathers, C.W., Liggitt, H.D., and Corbeil, L.B., 1987b, Experimental Haemophilus somnus pneumonia in calves and immunoperoxidase localization of bacteria. Vet. Pathol. 24: 250–256.
Gogolewski, R.P., Schaefer, D.C., Wasson, S.K., Corbel, R.R., and Corbeil, L.B., 1989, Pulmonary persistence of Haemophilus somnus in presence of specific antibody. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27: 1767–1774, 1989.
Groom, S.C., and Little, P.B., 1988, Effects of vaccination of calves against induced Haemophilus somnus pneumonia. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49: 793–800.
Groom, S., Little, P., and Rosendal, S., 1988, Virulence differences among three strains of H. somnus following iniratracheal inoculation of calves, Can. J. Vet. Res. 52: 349–354.
Harris, F.W., and Janzen, E.D., 1989, The Haemophilus somnus disease complex (Hemophilosis): A review. Can. Vet.1. 30: 816–822.
Higgins, R., Godbout-deLasalle, Messier S., Couture, Y, and Lamothe, P. 1981 Isolation of Histophilus.,a tstol ~tlus ovis from vaginal discharge in ewes in Canada. Can. Vet. J. 22: 395–396.
Holst, E., Goffeng, A.R., and Andersch, B., 1994. Bacterial vaginosis and vaginal microorganisms in idiopathic premature labor and association with pregnancy outcome. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 176–186.
Humphrey, J.D., et al.,1985, Prevalence and distribution of Haemophilus somnus in the male bovine reproductive tract, Am. J. Vet. Res. 43:792–795.
Humphrey, J., and Stephens, L., 1983, Haemophilus somnus: A review, Vet. Bull. 53: 987–1004.
Inzana, T.J., Gogolewski, R.P., and Corheil, L.B., 1992. Phenotypic phase variation in Haemophilus somnus lipooligosaccharide during bovine pneumonia and after in vitro passage, Infect. Immun. 60: 2943–2951.
Inzana, T.J., Iritani, B., Gogolewski, R.P., Kania, S.A., Corheil, L.B., 1988. Purification and characterization of lipooligosaccharides from four strains of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 56: 2830–2837.
Inzana, T.J., and Todd, J., 1992, Immune response of cattle to Haemophilus somnus lipid A-protein conjugate vaccine and efficacy in a mouse abortion model. Am. J. Vet. Res. 53: 175–179.
Kwiecien, J.M., and Little, P.B., 1991, Haemophilus sonnas and reproductive disease in the cow. Can. Vet. J. 32: 595–601.
Kwiecien, J.M., and Little, P.B., 1992, Isolation of pathogenic strains of Haemophilus somnus from the female bovine reproductive tract, Can. J. Vet. Res. 56: 127–134.
Lederer, J.A., Brown, J.F., and Czuprynski, C.J., 1987, Haemophilus somma, a facultative intracellular pathogen of bovine mononuclear phagocytes. Infect. Immun. 55: 381–387.
Lees, V.W., Meek, A.H., and Rosendal, S., 1990, Epidemiology of Haemophilus somnus in young rams, Can. J. Vet. Res. 54: 331–336.
Lees, V.W., Yates, W.D.G., and Corheil, L.B., 1994. Ovine Haemophilus somnus: Experimental intracisternal infection and antigenic comparison with bovine Haemophilus somnus, Can. J. Vet. Res. 58: 202–210.
Martin, W., Acres, S., Janzen, E., Wilson, P., and Allen, B., 1984, A field trial of preshipment vaccination of calves, Can. Vet. J. 25: 145–147.
McDonald, H.M., O’Loughlin, J.A., Jolley. P., Vigneswaran, R., and McDonald, P.J., 1991, Vaginal infection and preterm labour, J. Obstet. Gynecol. 98: 427–435.
McGillivery, D.J., Webber, J.J., and Dean, H.F., 1986, Characterisation of Histophilus ovin and related organisms by restriction endonuclease analysis, Aust. Vet. J. 63: 389–393.
Miller, R.B., Lein, D.H., McEntee, K.E., Hall, C.E., Shaw, S. 1983. Haemophilus somnus infection of the reproductive tract of cattle: A review, JAVMA 182: 1390–1392.
Nanssen, P., 1972. Selective immunoglobulin deficiency in cattle and susceptibility to infection, Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Sect. B. 80: 49–54.
Ogunnariwo, J.A., Cheng, C., Ford, J., and Schryvers, A.B., 1990, Response of Haemophilus somnus to iron limitation: expression and identification of a bovine-specific transferrin receptor. Microbial Pathogen. 9: 397–406.
Rahaley, R.S., 1978, Pathology of experimental Histophilus omis infection in sheep. Vet. Pathol. 15: 631–637.
Pfeifer, C.G., Campos, M., Beskorwayne, T., Babiuk, L.A., and Potter, A.A., 1992, Effect of Haemophilus somnus on phagocytosis and hydrogen peroxide production by bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Microbial Pathogen. 13: 191–202.
Silva, S.V.P.S., and Little, P.B., 1990. The protective effect of vaccination against experimental pneumonia in cattle with Haemophilus somnus outer membrane antigens and interference by lipopolysaccharide, Can. J. Vet. Res. 54: 326–330.
Slee, KJ., and Stephens, L.R., 1985. Selective medium for isolation of Haemophilus somnus from cattle and sheep. Vet. Res. 116: 215–217.
Stephens, L.R., and Little, P.B., 1981. Ultrastructure of Haemophilus somnus, causative agent of bovine infectious thromboembolic meningoencephalitis, Am. J. Vet. Res. 43: 1638–1640.
Stephens, L.R., Humphrey, J.D., Little, P.B., and Barnum, D.A., 1983, Morphological, biochemical, antigenic and cytochemical relationship among Haemophilus somnus, Haemophilus agni, Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus, Ilistophilus omis and Actinobacillus seminis, J. Clin. Microbiol. 17: 728–737.
Stephens, L.R., Little. P.B., Humphrey, J.D., Wilkie, B.N., and Barnum, D.A., 1982, Vaccination of cattle against experimentally induced thromboembolic meningoencephalitis with a Haemophilus somnus hacterin, Am. J. Vet. Res. 43: 1339–1342.
Stephens, L.R., Little. P.B., Wilkie, B.N., Barnum, D.A., 1981, infectious thromboembolic meningoencephalitis in cattle: a review, Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 178: 378–384.
Stephens L.R., Little, P.B., Wilkie, B.N., and Barnum, D.A., 1984, Isolation of Haemophilus somnus antigens and their use as vaccines for prevention of bovine thromboembolic meningoencephalitis. Am J Vet Res 45: 234–239.
Stephens, L.R., Slee, K.J., Poulton, P., Larcombe, M., and Kosior, E., 1986, investigation of purulent vaginal discharge in cows, with particular reference to Haemophilus somnus, Aust. Vet. J. 63: 182–185.
Tagawa, Y., Haritani, M., Ishikawa, H., and Yuasa, N., 1993a, Antigenic analysis of the major outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus with monoclonal antibodies, Infect. Immun. 61: 2257–2259.
Tagawa, Y., Haritani, M., Ishikawa, H., and Yuasa, N., 1993b, Characterization of a heat-modifiable outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 61: 1750–1755.
Tagawa, Y., Haritani, M., and Yuasa, N., 1993c, Characterization of an immunoreactive 17.5-kilodalton outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus by using a monoclonal antibody, Infect. Immun. 61: 4153–4157.
Tagawa, Y., Ishikawa, H., and Yuasa, N., 1993d, Purification and partial characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. !mown. 61: 91–96.
Theisen. M., Rioux, C.R., and Potter, A.A., 1992, Molecular cloning. nucleotide sequence, and characterization of a 40,000-molecular-weight lipoprotein of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 60: 826–831.
Theisen, M., Rioux, C.R., and Potter, A.A., 1993. Molecular cloning. nucleotide sequence, and characterization of LppB, encoding an antigenic 40-kilodalton lipoprotein of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 61: 1793–1798.
Thompson, K.G., and Little. P.B., 1981, Effect of Haemophilus sommas on bovine endothelial cells in organ culture, Am. J. Vet. Res. 42: 748–754.
Walker, R.L., Biberstein, E.L., Pritchett, R.F., and Kirkham, C., 1985. Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among “Haemophilus sonnus,” “Haemophilus agni,” “Histophilus oils,” “Actinobacillus seminis,” and Haemophilus influen_ae, Int.1. Sys. Bacteriol. 35: 46–49.
Walker, R.L., and LeaMaster, B.R., 1986. Prevalence of Histophilus ovis and Actinobacillus seminis in the genital tract of sheep. Am. J. Vet. Res. 47: 1928–1930.
Walker, R.L., LeaMaster, B.R., Biberstein, E.L., and Stellflug, J.N., 1988, Serodiagnosis of Histophilus ovis-associated epididymitis in rams, Ant. J. Vet. Res. 49: 208–212.
Walker, R.L., LeaMaster, B.R., Stelltlug, J.N., and Biberstein, E.L., 1986, Association of age of ram with distribution of epididymal lesions and etiologic agents, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 188: 393–396.
Ward, A.C.S., and Corbeil, L.B., 1983, A selective medium for Gram-negative pathogens from bovine respiratory and reproductive tracts. A. A. Vet. Lab. Diagn. 26: 103–112.
Ward, G.E, Nivard, J.R., and Maheswaran, S.K., 1984, Morphologic features, structure and adherence to bovine turbinate cells of three Haemophilus somnus variants. Am. J. Vet. Res. 45: 336–338.
Widders, P.R., Dorrance, L.A., Yarnall, M., and Corbeil, L.B., 1989a. Immunoglobulin-binding activity among pathogenic and carrier isolates of II. somnus, Infect. Immun. 57: 639–642.
Widders, P.R., Dowling, S.C., Gogolewski, R.P., Smith, J.W., and Corbeil, L.B., 19896, isotypic antibody responses in cattle infected with Haemophilus somnus, Res. Vet. Sci. 46: 212–217.
Widders, P.R., Smith, J.W., Yarnall, M., McGuire, T.C., Corbeil, L.B., 1988, Non-immune immunoglobulin binding of Haemophilus somnus,. 1. Med. Micro. 26: 307–311.
Widders, P.R., Paisley, L.G., Gogolewski, R.P., Evermann, J.F., Smith, J.W., and Corbeil, L.B., 1986. Experimental abortion and the systemic immune response in cattle to Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 54: 555–560.
Won, J., and Griffith, R.W., 1993. Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding a 31-kilodalton antigen of Haemophilus somnus, Infect. Immun. 61: 2813–2821.
Yarnall, M., Gogolewski, R.P., and Corbeil, L.B., 1988a, Characterization of two Haemophilus somnus Fc receptors. J. Gen. Microbiol. 134: 1993–1999.
Yarnall, M., Widders. P.R., and Corbeil. L.B., 1988b. isolation and characterization of Fe receptors from Haemophilus somnus, Scand. J. Immuno!. 28: 129–137.
Yarnall, M., and Corbeil. L.B., 1989, Antibody response to an Haemophilus somnus Fc receptor. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27: 111–117.
Young, S., and Hoerlein, A.B., 1970. Experimental reproduction of thromboembolic meningoencephalitis ill calves, Can. Vet. J. 11: 46.
Yu, S., Gray-Owen, S.D., Ogunnariwo, J., and Schryvers, A.B., 1992, interaction of ruminant transfen-ins with transferrin receptors in bovine isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and Haemophilus som uus, infect. Immun. 60:2992–2994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Corbeil, L.B., Gogolewski, R.P., Stephens, L.R., Inzana, T.J. (1995). Haemophilus Somnus: Antigen Analysis and Immune Responses. In: Donachie, W., Lainson, F.A., Hodgson, J.C. (eds) Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, and Pasteurella. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0978-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0978-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0980-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0978-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive