Abstract
Callose was identified as a substance of characteristic staining and solubility properties more than a century ago (Nägeli, 1861; see the review by Currier, 1957). Mangin (1890, 1892) emphasized that there is a wide distribution of this plant-cell constituent among various cells and tissues. The long list of callose deposition sites includes fungal and algal cell walls, pollen tube walls and as plugs in pollen tubes, sieve cells, guard-cell walls, cell plates, freely growing walls of endosperm, plasmodesmata, pit fields, and root hairs. Much callose formation is undoubtedly a part of normal cell differentiation or development. Perhaps the most conspicuous synthesis of callose is that which occurs rapidly on stimulation of plant cells by external factors. “Wound callose” is a phrase coined to describe callose synthesized in response to mechanical injury to plant tissue (Currier, 1957) and can describe equally well that callose formed on chemical damage, in response to fungal, bacterial, or viral infection, or in response to environmental stress.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, R. L., Ray, P. M., 1978, Labeling of the plasma membrane of pea cells by a surface-localized glucan synthetase. Plant Physiol. 61: 723–730.
Arens, K., 1949, Provo de calose por meio da microscopia a luz fluorescente e appligacoes do metodo. Lilloa 18: 71–75.
Aspinall, G. O., Kessler, G., 1957, The structure of callose from the grape vine. Chem. Ind. (London) 1296.
Bonnett, H. T. Jr., Newcomb, E. H., 1965, Polyribosomes and cisternal accumulations in root cells of radish. J. Cell Biol. 27: 423–432.
Bonnett, H. T. Jr., Newcomb, E. H., 1966, Coated vesicles and other cytoplasmic components of growing root hairs of radish. Protoplasma 62: 59–75.
Cooper, K. M., 1978, Callose deposit formation and the utilization of UDP-glucose by the root hairs of Rhaphanus sativus, M.S. thesis, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Cresti, M., van Went, J. L., 1976, Callose deposition and plug formation in Petunia pollen tubes in situ. Planta 133: 35–40.
Cresti, M., Pacini, E., Ciampolini, F., Sarfatti, G., 1977, Germination and early tube development in vitro of Lycopersicum peruvaianum pollen: Ultrastructural features. Planta (Berlin) 136 (3): 239–248.
Currier, H. B., 1957, Callose substance in plant cells, Am. J. Bot. 44: 478–488.
Dauwalder, M., Whaley, W. G., 1973, Staining of cells of lea mays root apices with the osmium-zinc iodide and osmium impregnation techniques. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 45: 279–296.
Delmer, D. P., Heiniger, U., Kulow, C., 1977, UDP-glucose:glucan synthetase in developing cotton fibers. I. Kinetic and physiological properties. Plant Physiol. 59: 713–718.
Esau, K., Cheadle, V. I., Risley, E. B., 1962, Development of sieve-plate pores. Bot. Gaz. 123 (4): 233–243.
Eschrich, W., Currier, H. B., 1964, Identification of callose by its diachrome and fluorochrome reactions. Stain Technol. 39: 303–307.
Faulkner, G., Kimmins, W. C., Brown, R. G., 1973, The use of fluorochromes for the identification of (1–3)-glucans. Can. J. Bot. 51: 1503–1504.
Fulcher, R. G., McCully, M. C., Setterfield, G., Sutherland, J., 1976, 0-1,3-Glucans may be associated with cell plate formation during cytokinesis. Can. J. Bot. 54: 539–542.
Hanchey, P., Wheeler, H., 1971, Pathological changes in ultrastructure: Tobacco roots infected with Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae. Phytopathology 62: 27–38.
Hassid, W. Z., 1970, Biosynthesis of sugars and polysaccharides, in: The Carbohydrates, 2nd ed., Vol. IIA ( W. Pigman, D. Horton, eds.), pp. 301–373, Academic Press, New York.
Heath, M. C., Heath, I. B., 1971, Ultrastructure of an immune and a susceptible reaction of cowpea leaves to rust infection. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 1: 277–287.
Heiniger, U., Delmer, D. P., 1977, UDP-glucose: glucan synthetase in developing cotton fibers. II. Structure of the reaction product. Plant Physiol 59: 719–723.
Hepler, P. K., Newcomb, E. H., 1967, Fine structure of cell plate formation in the apical meristem of Phaseolus roots. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 19: 498–513.
Herth, W., Franke, W. W., Bittiger, H., Kuppel, A., Keilich, G., 1974, Alkali-resistant fibrils of 3-1,3- and -1,4-glucans: Structural polysaccharides in the pollen tube wall of Lilium longiflorum, Cytobiologie. Z. Exp. Zellforsch. 9: 344–367.
Howe, C. G., 1921, Pectic material in root hairs. Bot. Gaz. 72: 313–320.
Jones, M. G. K and Payne, H. L., 1977, Cytokinesis in Impatiens balsamina and the effect of caffeine. Cytobios 20 (78): 79–92.
Kim, K. S., Fulton, J. P., Scott, H. A., 1974, Osmiophilic globules and myelinic bodies in cells infected with two comoviruses. J. Gen. Virol. 25: 445–452.
Kumarasinghe, R. M. K., Nutman, P. S., 1977, Rhizobium-stimulated callose formation in clover root hairs and its relation to infection. J. Exp. Bot. 28 (105): 961–976.
Lazarovits, G., Higgins, V. J., 1976, Ultrastructure of susceptible, resistant, and immune reactions of tomato to races of Caldosporium fulvum. Can. J. Bot. 54 (3/4): 235–249.
Leech, J. H., Mollenhauer, H. H., Whaley, W. G., 1963, Ultrastructural changes in the root apex. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 17: 74–84.
Maltby, D., Carpita, N. C., Montezinos, D., Kulow, C., Delmer, D. P., 1979, M β-Glucan in developing cotton fibers. Plant Physiol. 63: 1158–1164.
Mangin, L., 1890, Sur la callose, nouvelle substance fondamentale existant dans la membrane, C. R. Acad. Sci. 110: 664–647.
Mangin, L., 1892, Observations sur la presence de la callose chez les Panérogames. Bull. Soc. Bot. 39: 260–267.
Mollenhauer, H. H., Whaley, W. G., Leech, J. H., 1960, Cell ultrastructure responses to mechanical injury: A preliminary report. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 4: 473–481.
Morré, D. J., Mollenhauer, H. H., 1974, The endomembrane concept: A functional integration of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, in: Dynamic Aspects of Plant Ultrastructure ( A. W. Robards, ed.), pp. 84–137, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Nageli, C. W., 1861, Ueber die Siebr Shren von Cucurbita, Sitzber. Bayerisch. Akad, Wiss. 1: 212–238.
Newcomb, E. H., Bonnett, H. T. Jr., 1965, Cytoplasmic microtubule and wall microfibril orientation in root hairs of radish. J. Cell Biol. 27: 575–589.
Nikaido, H., Hassid, W. Z., 1972, Biosynthesis of saccharides from glycopyranosyl esters of nucleoside pyrophosphates (“sugar nucleotides”). Carbohydr. Chem. 27: 351–483.
Raymond, Y., Fincher, G. B., Maclachlan, G. A., 1978, Tissue slice and particulate j8-glucan synthetase activities from Pisum epicotyls. Plant Physiol. 61: 938–942.
Reynolds, J. D., Dashek, W. V., 1976, Cytochemical analysis of callose localization in Lilium longiflorum pollen tubes. Ann. Bot. 40: 409–416.
Ride, J. P., Pearce, R. B., 1979, Lignification and papilla formation at sites of attempted penetration of wheat leaves by non-pathogenic fungi. Physiol Plant Pathol. 15 (l): 79–92.
Ridgway, C. S., 1913, The occurrence of callose in root hairs. Plant World 16: 116–122.
Roberts, E. A., 1916, The epidermal cells of roots. Bot. Gaz. 62: 488–506.
Salmon, J., 1947, Différenciation des tubes cribles chez les angiospermes: Recherches cytologique. Rev. Cytol. Cytophysiol. Veg. 9: 55–168.
Shafizadeh, F., McGinnis, G. D., 1972, Morphology and biogenesis of cellulose and plant cell-walls. Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. 27: 297–349.
Shore, G., Maclachlan, G. A., 1975, The site of cellulose synthesis: Hormone treatment alters the intracellular location of alkali-insoluble M,4-glucan (cellulose) synthetase activities. J. Cell Biol. 64: 557–571.
Smith, M. M., McCully, M. E., 1978, A critical evaluation of the specificity of aniline blue induced fluorescence, Protoplasma 95: 229–254.
Thiery, J.-P., 1967, Mise en evidence des polysaccharides sur coupes fines en microscopie électronique. J. Microsc. (Paris) 6: 987–1018.
Trump, B. F., Arstila, A. U., 1971, Cell injury and cell death, in: Principles of Pathobiology ( M. F. La Via, R. B. Hill, Jr., eds.), pp. 9–96, Oxford University Press, London.
Tsinger, N. V., Petrovskaya-Baranova, T. P., 1967, Function and physiological role of callose pollen tube plugs. Soviet Plant Physiol. 14: 404–410.
Van der Woude, C., Lembi, A., Morré D. J., Kindinger, J. I., Ordin, L., 1974, β-Glucan
synthetases of plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus from onion stem. Plant Physiol. 54:333–340.
Waterkeyn, L., 1967, Sur l’existance d’un “stade callosique” présente parla paroi cellulaire, au cours de la cytokinese. C. R. Acad. Sci. 265: 1792–1794.
Wheeler, H., 1974, Cell wall and plasmalemma modifications in diseased and injured plant tissue. Can. J. Bot. 52 (5): 1005–1009.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1982 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cooper, K.M. (1982). Callose-Deposit Formation in Radish Root Hairs. In: Brown, R.M. (eds) Cellulose and Other Natural Polymer Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1116-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1116-4_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1118-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1116-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive