Abstract
Gas-liquid phase-transfer catalysis (GL-PTC)1 is a new synthetic organic method that has similarities both with phase-transfer catalysis (PTC)2 and with gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) in that anion transfer processes and partition equilibria between gaseous and liquid phases both take place and affect the synthesis. Using GL-PTC, nucleophilic substitution reactions have been so far carried out under operative conditions and with synthetic results, making this method different from the well known liquid-liquid (LL-) and solid-liquid (SL-) phase-transfer catalysis. As regards these latter, phase-transfer catalysts (onium salts, crown ethers and cryptands) transfer the reactive anion from an aqueous liquid (LL-PTC) or a solid salt (SL-PTC) phase into the organic one in which the substitution reaction occurs. In the case of GL-PTC, where no solvent is used, the catalyst always acts as an anion transfer (between solid and liquid phases) but, as it works in the molten state it also constitutes the medium in which the reaction proceeds.
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© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
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Tundo, P., Venturello, P. (1984). Synthetic Reactions by Gas-Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis. In: Mathias, L.J., Carraher, C.E. (eds) Crown Ethers and Phase Transfer Catalysis in Polymer Science. Polymer Science and Technology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9349-2_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9349-2_19
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