Abstract
The Global Positioning System (GPS), by the mid-1990s, will include 21 navigation satellites launched by the U.S. Air Force. About one-third of the constellation is presently in orbit; however, most of these satellites are of a developmental Block I design and eventually will be replaced by the operational Block II satellites. The GPS constellation is designed to evenly distribute the satellites with circular orbits in three different planes at an altitude of about 20,000 km so that ground users can track typically six to eight GPS at any time from most locations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. I. Abbott, Y. Bock, C. C. Counselman III, R. W. King, S. A. Gourevitch, and B. J. Rosen, Interferometric Determination of GPS Satellite Orbits, Proceedings First International Symposium on Precise Positioning with GPS-1985, (ed. C. Goad), Vol. I, pp. 63–72, National Geodetic Information Center, NOAA, Rockville, MD.
G. Beutler, I. Bauersima, W. Gurtner, M. Rothacher, and T. Schildknecht, Evaluation of the 1984 Alaska Positioning System Campaign with the Bernese GPS Software, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, pp. 1295–1303, Feb. 10, 1987.
G. Blewitt, Carrier Phase Ambiguity Resolution for the Global Positioning System Applied to Geodetic Baselines up to 2000 km, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, pp. 10187–10203, Aug. 10, 1989.
G. Blewitt, T. P. Yunck, S. M. Lichten, W. I. Bertiger, and S. C. Wu, GPS Geodesy: A Status Report, in High Precision Navigation, ed. K. Linkwitz and U. Hangleiter (Proceedings of the International Workshop on High Precision Navigation, May 1988, Stuttgart, Germany), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989 (pp. 74–85).
Y. Bock, 1989 (private communication).
O. Colombo, The Dynamics of Global Positioning System Orbits and the Determination of Precise Ephemerides, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, pp. 9167–9182, July 10, 1989.
C. C. Counselman III, and R. I. Abbot, Method of Resolving Radio Ambiguity in Satellite Orbit Determination, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, pp. 7058–7064, June 10, 1989.
D. Dong, and Y. Bock, GPS Network Analysis: Ambiguity Resolution, EOS, vol. 69, p. 325, April 19, 1988.
D. Dong and Y. Bock, Global Positioning System Network Analysis with Phase Ambiguity Resolution Applied to Crustal Deformation Studies in California, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, pp. 3949–3966, April 10, 1989.
M. W. Gouldman, B. R. Hermann, and D. L. Weedon, Evaluation of GPS Production Ephemeris and Clock Quality, Proceedings for the 5th International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, pp. 210–222, March 13–17, 1989, Las Cruces, NM.
M. S. Kornreich, T. Dixon, and J. T. Freymueller, The Effect of Tracking Network Configuration on GPS Baseline Estimates for the CASA UNO Experiment, Geophysical Research Letters, 1989 (submitted).
S. M. Lichten and W. I. Bertiger, Demonstration of Sub-Meter GPS Orbit Determination and 1.5 Parts in 108 Three-Dimensional Baseline Accuracy, Bulletin Geodesique, Vol. 63, pp. 167–189, 1989.
S.M. Lichten and J.S. Border, Strategies For High Precision GPS Orbit Determination, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, pp. 12751–12762, Nov. 10, 1987.
S. M. Lichten, U. J. Lindqwister, and W. I. Bertiger, The Effect of Fiducial Network Strategy on High-Accuracy GPS Orbit and Baseline Determination, Proceedings for the 5th International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, pp. 516–525, March 13–17, 1989, Las Cruces, NM.
T. K. Meehan et al., ROGUE: A New High Accuracy, Digital GPS Receiver, IUGG Conference, Vancouver, Canada, Aug. 1987.
W. Melbourne, R. Anderle, M. Feissel, R. King, D. McCarthy, D. Smith, B. Tapley, and R. Vicente, Project MERIT Standards, U.S. Naval Observatory Circular No. 167, 1983.
G. E. Powell and E. M. Gaposchkin, Modelling of Non-Gravitational Effects on GPS Satellites, Proceedings of the AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Conference, paper AIAA-88–4291-CP, August 15–17, 1988, Minneapolis, Minnesota (AIAA, Washington, D. C).
B. E. Schutz, B. D. Tapley, C. S. Ho, H. J. Rim, and P. A. M. Abusali, GPS Orbit Determination: Experiments and Results, Proceedings for the 5th International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, pp. 201–210, March 13–17, 1989, Las Cruces, NM.
W. E. Strange, M. D. Abell, and E. G. Zurflueh, The Establishment of a Primary GPS/VLBI Strain Monitoring Network in the Eastern United States, EOS, vol 70, p. 308, April 11, 1989.
W. E. Strange and E. G. Zurflueh, Initial Results and Evaluation of a GPS Crustal Motion Network for the Eastern Two Thirds of the United States, Chapman Conference on GPS Measurements for Geodynamics, September 19–22, 1988, Fort Lauderdale, Florida (American Geophysical Union).
E. R. Swift, NSWC’s GPS Orbit/Clock Determination System, Proceedings First International Symposium on Precise Positioning with GPS-1985, (ed. C. Goad), Vol. I, pp. 51–62, National Geodetic Information Center, NOAA, Rockville, MD.
E. R. Swift, Mathematical Description of the GPS Multisatellite Filter/Smoother, Naval Surface Warfare Center, NSWC TR 87–187, Dahlgren, Virginia, Oct. 1987.
D. M. Tralli, T. H. Dixon, and S. A. Stephens, The Effect of Wet Tropospheric Path Delays on Estimation of Geodetic Baselines in the Gulf of California Using the Global Positioning System, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 93, pp. 6465–6557, June 10, 1988.
S. C. Wu, T. P. Yunck, and G. A. Hajj, Toward Decimeter TOPEX Orbit Determination Using GPS, AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, August 7–10, 1989, paper AAS 89–359, Stowe, Vermont.
T. P. Yunck, S. C. Wu, S. M. Lichten, W. I. Bertiger, U. J. Lindqwister, and G. Blewitt, Toward Centimeter Orbit Determination and Millimeter Geodesy With GPS, Proceedings for the 5th International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, pp. 272–281, March 13–17, 1989, Las Cruces, NM.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lichten, S.M. (1990). High Accuracy Global Positioning System Orbit Determination: Progress and Prospects. In: Bock, Y., Leppard, N. (eds) Global Positioning System: An Overview. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 102. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7111-7_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7111-7_15
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-97266-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-7111-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive