Abstract
This chapter starts the construction of the LCI model for solid waste. It attempts to assess the amount and composition of solid waste likely to be generated in a given area. The lack of comprehensive and standardised data collection is one of the limiting factors in this process, and in the development of effective solid waste management in general. This chapter presents the data currently available on the generation and composition of solid waste in general, and of municipal solid waste (MSW) in particular, for Europe. These data are limited; they are incomplete and are based on different definitions of waste categories. Definitions are given for the type of waste that will be dealt with in this book, namely MSW comprising of household (collected and delivered), commercial and institutional waste. The limitations of present classification schemes are discussed and new developments in waste analysis outlined. The first module of the computer LCI spreadsheet (IWM-1), which defines the waste entering a solid waste management system, is described.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barres, M., Grenet, Y., Millot, N. and Meisel, A. (1990) Sanitary Landfilling in France. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 78–93.
Barton, J. (1986) The application of mechanical sorting technology in waste reclamation: options and constraints. Warren Spring Laboratory. Paper presented at the Institute of Waste Management and INCPEN Symposium on Packaging and Waste Disposal Options, London.
Beker, D. (1990) Sanitary landfilling in the Netherlands. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 139–155.
Biffa (1992) Biffa Waste Services. Personal communication.
BUND (1992) Bioabfallkompostierung vorrangige Abfallverwertung. Report by von Lossau, E, Krauss, M. and Neidhardt, R. Bund Hessen.
Carra, J.S. and Cossu, R. (1990) Introduction. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 1–14.
Christensen, T.H. (1990) Sanitary landfilling in Denmark. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 37–50.
DoE (1990) Our common inheritance. Environmental Protection Act White Paper UK. Department of Environment.
DoE (1992) The UK environment. Department of Environment and Government Statistical Office Report, ed. A. Brown. HMSO, London, Ch. 13.
DoE/DTI (1992) Economic Instruments and Recovery of Resources from Waste. Department of Trade and Industry and Department of the Environment, 75 pp.
ERL/UCD (1993) Waste Management Statistics for Ireland. Environmental Resources Ltd. and Environmental Institute of University College Dublin.
ERRA (1992a) Nomenclature: secondary materials. Reference report of the ERRA Codification Programme. Available from European Recovery and Recycling Association, 83 Ave E. Mounier, Box 14, Brussels 1200, Belgium. Reproduced, with permission, as Appendix I.
ERRA (1992b) Programme ratios. Reference report of the ERRA Codification Programme. Available from European Recovery and Recycling Association, 83 Ave E. Mounier, Box 14, Brussels 1200, Belgium. Reproduced, with permission, as Appendix 3.
ERRA (1993) Waste analysis procedure. Reference report of the ERRA Codification Programme. Available from European Recovery and Recycling Association, 83 Ave E. Mounier, Box 14, Brussels 1200, Belgium. Reproduced, with permission, as Appendix 2.
Elsevier (1992) Municipal Solid Waste Recycling in Western Europe to 1996. Elsevier Science Publishers, 1992.
Ettala, M.O. (1990) Sanitary landfilling in Finland. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 67–77.
EUROSTAT (1994a) Report of the Statistical Office of the European Community. News Release, 15th February, 1994.
EUROSTAT (1994b) Europe’s Environment 1993: Statistical Compendium. Statistical Office of the European Community, June 1994.
Gandolla, M. (1990) Sanitary landfilling in Switzerland. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu, Academic Press, London, pp. 190–198.
IGD (1992) Sustainable waste management: the Adur project. Report by the Institute for Grocery Distribution, Letchmore Heath, Watford, UK, 85 pp.
MOPT (1992) Residuos sólidos urbanos. Report by Luis Ramon Otero Del Peral for Ministerio de Obras Publicas y Transportes, Madrid (ISBN 84–7433–820–4).
OECD (1993) Environmental Data Compendium. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris.
ORCA (1992) Information on Composting and Anaerobic Digestion. ORCA Technical Publication No. 1. Organic Reclamation and Composting Association, Brussels. 74 pp.
Poll, A.J. (1991) Sampling and analysis of domestic refuse - a review of procedures at Warren Spring Laboratory. Warren Spring Laboratory Report LR 667 (MR).
Rheinland-Pfalz Ministry of Environment (1989) Leitfaden zur Kompostierung organischer Abfälle. Cited in ORCA, (1992).
Rousseaux, P. (1988) Les métaux lourds dans les ordures ménagères origines, formes chimiques, teneurs. R and D programme on recycling and utilization of waste, EEC, General Directorate XII.
Stegmann, R. (1990) Sanitary landfilling in the Federal Republic of Germany. In: International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling, eds. J.S. Carra and R. Cossu. Academic Press, London, pp. 51–66.
von Schoenberg, A. (1990) Waste disposal in East Germany - an overview. Warmer Bull. 27 4–5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Aspen Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
White, P., Franke, M., Hindle, P. (1999). Solid waste generation. In: Integrated Solid Waste Management: A Lifecycle Inventory. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2369-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2369-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-8342-1311-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2369-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive