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Use of Feeding Inhibitors in Insect Control

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Regulatory Mechanisms in Insect Feeding

Abstract

The last 400 million years or so has seen a very complex process of coevolution between plants and phytophagous insects (Ehrlich and Raven, 1964; Futuyma and Keese, 1992). Plants, apart from creating physical and mechanical barriers, rely mostly on chemical protection against insect feeding. Numerous terpenoid, alkaloid, and phenolic feeding inhibitors have evolved in the course of this arms race between plants and insects (Harborne, 1993; Rosenthal and Berenbaum, 1992; Rosenthal and Janze, 1979). The proposed process is that a random mutation within the plant genome led to the synthesis of a new compound which prevented an insect from feeding on the plant. Those insects faced with strong selection pressures exerted by plant allelochemicals evolved a mechanism or mechanisms that allowed them to overcome the deterrent or toxic effects of the new compounds. In this way some defensive compounds were successfully counteracted by one or more insect species which allowed their use as unique feeding stimulants (e.g., cucurbitacins and diabroticite beetles); however, the phagodeterrent activity remained preserved against a great many other insects. The current list of phagodeterrents is very long and their potency varies greatly among insect species, suggesting that there are many highly diverse insect—plant relationships. It appears that phagodeterrents rather than nutrients are a major force in the development of present insect—plant interactions as was proposed more than 30 years ago by Thorsteinson (Thorsteinson, 1960) and has seen renewed emphasis (Berenbaum, 1986).

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Authors
  1. J. L. Frazier
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  2. S. Chyb
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurobiology, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    R. F. Chapman

  2. Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

    Gerrit de Boer

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Frazier, J.L., Chyb, S. (1995). Use of Feeding Inhibitors in Insect Control. In: Chapman, R.F., de Boer, G. (eds) Regulatory Mechanisms in Insect Feeding. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1775-7_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1775-7_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5715-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1775-7

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