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Ecological Aspects of Bat Activity Rhythms

  • Chapter
Ecology of Bats

Abstract

Terrestrial organisms live in an environment that, by its geophysical nature, is subject to profound rhythmic alteration. The rotation of the earth brings about a 24-hr periodicity in light intensity, temperature, and humidity. As the earth revolves around the sun there are annual changes in day length, temperature, and the duration of twilight, which become more pronounced at increasing latitudes; that is, over the period of a year the form, level, and amplitude of diurnal variables themselves vary to different degrees. Other effects result from the revolution of the moon about the earth. The rhythmic gravitational fluctuations so produced are of little relevance to terrestrial animals, but there are also variations in night-time brightness with lunar periodicity. Organisms have adapted to this temporal structure of their environment in different ways. Very early in evolution they developed endogenous diurnal rhythms with periods of approximately 24 hr. These circadian rhythms were coupled with the external diurnal cycle by special synchronizing mechanisms so that a certain relatively stable phase relation, characteristic of each species, was maintained. In many cases circalunar and circannual endogenous rhythms evolved in addition to the circadian rhythm; these, too, are synchronized with the corresponding environmental variables by special mechanisms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Biologie III, Universität Tübingen, D-7400, Tübingen 1, Federal Republic of Germany

    Hans G. Erkert

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  1. Hans G. Erkert
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  1. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Thomas H. Kunz

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© 1982 Plenum Publishing Corporation

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Erkert, H.G. (1982). Ecological Aspects of Bat Activity Rhythms. In: Kunz, T.H. (eds) Ecology of Bats. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3421-7_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3421-7_5

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