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Tissue Engineering in the Genitourinary System

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Synthetic Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds

Abstract

In general, genitourinary tissue has traditionally been replaced with autologous tissues harvested from other sites of the body (Atala and Retik, 1994). However, these approaches rarely replace the entire function of the original tissue. Congenital defects occur more often in the genitourinary system than in any other system within the human body. The genitourinary system, composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and genital organs, is exposed to a variety of possible injury sites as the fetus develops. Some of the congenital abnormalities require early reconstruction with nonurologic tissues. For example, a baby born with bladder exstrophy, a condition wherein the bladder develops outside the abdominal wall, requires prompt surgical intervention and possibly reconstruction of the bladder with nonurologic tissues, such as gastrointestinal segments. Similarly, baby girls born with vaginal maldevelopment, may require reconstruction with intestinal segments or skin (Atala and Hendren, 1994; Hendren and Atala, 1994). Boys born with hypospadias, a condition wherein the urethra does not develop normally, require early creation of a neo-urethra with skin or mucosa from multiple body sites (Atala and Retik, 1996; Retik et al, 1994).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Division of Urology and Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, 02115, Boston, MA, USA

    Anthony Atala MD (Director)

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  1. Anthony Atala MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Division of Urology and Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, 02115, Boston, MA, USA

    Anthony Atala MD (Director) (Director)

  2. Departments of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Chemical Engineering, The University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    David J. Mooney PhD

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© 1997 Birkhäuser Boston

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Atala, A. (1997). Tissue Engineering in the Genitourinary System. In: Atala, A., Mooney, D.J. (eds) Synthetic Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4154-6_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4154-6_8

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8677-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4154-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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