Abstract
The different phenotypes of disturbances of skeletal development have for centuries fascinated artists as well as medical men. As an example of achondroplasia, one may admire the painting Don Sebastian de Mora by Velasquez, in the Prado, Madrid. There are, at present, more than 500 disorders known in which the skeleton is involved. These are mostly congenital disorders and are, in part, genetic in nature. The birth prevalence of each disorder is low but, as a whole, they constitute a significant body of disease in childhood. Reliable estimates on their frequency are scarce. The overall frequency among stillbirths and live-borns has been estimated to be 1 per 4000 births and the frequency among perinatal deaths is 1 per 110 deaths (Camera et al. 1982; Orioli et al. 1986).
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Addendum
Spranger J, for The International Working Group on Constitutional Diseases of Bone (1992) International classification of osteochondrodysplasias. Eur J Pediatr 151:407–415
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van der Harten, H.J. (1993). The Skeletal System. In: Keeling, J.W. (eds) Fetal and Neonatal Pathology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3802-0_26
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