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Biomaterials for Total Joint Replacements

  • Chapter
Biomechanics and Biomaterials in Orthopedics

Abstract

The European Society for Biomaterials defines a biomaterial as “a material that interacts with the biological systems to evaluate, treat, reinforce, or replace a tissue, organ, or function of the organism” and the biocompatibility as “the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application” [1]. Biocompatibility of a biomaterial is tested by in vitro screening, in vivo testing, and clinical monitoring; each step evaluates the biological response in different conditions. In vivo, a few seconds after the implantation, the biomaterial is rapidly adsorbed by proteins, whose quantity and organization depend on the characteristics of the biomaterial, such as chemical composition of the bulk and surface, surface geometry, chemical and physical properties, and the properties of the proteins [2]. The host cells contact the protein layer [3]; in total joint replacements, bone cells growing on the prosthetic surface determine an “osseointegration” [4], fibrous cells a “fibrous fixation”.

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Authors
  1. E. M. Brach del Prever
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  2. L. Costa
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  3. M. Baricco
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  4. C. Piconi
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  5. A. Massé
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, Marseille Cedex 20, France

    Dominique G. Poitout MD (Professeur à l’Université de la Mediterranée, Chef de Service) (Professeur à l’Université de la Mediterranée, Chef de Service)

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© 2004 Springer-Verlag London

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del Prever, E.M.B., Costa, L., Baricco, M., Piconi, C., Massé, A. (2004). Biomaterials for Total Joint Replacements. In: Poitout, D.G. (eds) Biomechanics and Biomaterials in Orthopedics. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3774-0_52

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3774-0_52

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3776-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3774-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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