Abstract
The radiobiological considerations underlying the cytotoxicity of low-dose-rate irradiation have been discussed in the preceding chapter. In summary they consist of repair during irradiation, which decreases cytotoxicity, and cell cycle progression which would be expected to increase cytotoxicity by virtue of resistant surviving cells moving into a more sensitive phase of the cell cycle (Table 9.1). Proliferation during irradiation may reduce the effects of low-dose-rate treatment. However, the important factor restricting repopulation is the overall treatment duration, and in many clinical examples this may be shorter after continuous low-dose-rate radiotherapy than after fractionated treatment at conventional dose rate.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Awwad HK, Burgers JMV (1976) Studies in dose-time volume relationships in bladder and tongue radium implants. Clin Radiol 27: 443–448
Awwad HK, Burgers JMV, Marcuse HR (1974) The influence of tumour dose specification on the early clinical results of interstitial tongue implants. Radiology 110: 177–182
Barendsen GW (1982) Dose fractionation, dose rate and iso-effect relationships for normal tissue response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 9: 1981–1997
Bates TD, Berry RG (1978) High dose-rate after-loading in the treatment of cancer of the uterus. Br J Radiol [Special Report]: 17
Burgers JMV, Awwad HK, Van der Laarse R (1985) Relation between local cure and dose-time volume factors in interstitial implants. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 11: 715–723
Corner GA, Kirk J, Perry AM (1982) Low dose-rate afterloading techniques: choice of dose and time. Clin Radiol 33: 145–147
Curtis SB (1986) Lethal and potentially lethal lesions induced by radiation — a unified repair model. Radiat Res 106: 252–270
Dale RG (1985) The application of the linear-quadratic dose-effect equation to fractionated and protracted radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 58: 515–528
Ellis F (1968) The relationship of biological effect to dose-time-fractionation factors in radiotherapy. Curr Top Radiat Res 4: 357–397
Giles GM, Brady LW (1986) 125-Iodine implantation after lymphadenectomy in early carcinoma of the prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 12: 2117–2125
Gonzalez D, Breur K, Van der Schueren E (1980) Preliminary results in advanced head and neck cancer with radiotherapy by multiple fractions a day. Clin Radiol 30: 417–421
Gutin PH, Phillips TL, Hosobuchi Y et al. (1981) Permanent and removable implants for the brachytherapy of brain tumours. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 7: 1371–1381
Hall EJ (1972) Radiation dose-rate: a factor of importance in radiobiology and radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 45: 81–97
Hall EJ (1978) The promise of low dose rate: has it been realized? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 4: 749–750 (editorial)
Hall EJ, Bedford JS, Oliver R (1966) Extreme hypoxia: its effect on survival of mammalian cells irradiated at high and low dose-rates. Br J Radiol 39: 302–307
Hilaris BS, Whitmore WF, Batata MA, Barzell W, Tokita N (1978) 125I implantation of the prostate: dose-response considerations. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 12: 82–90
Joslin CA, Sharma SC (1984) Brachytherapy 1984. Nucleotron Trading BV, The Netherlands Joslin CAF, Smith CW, Mallik A (1972) The treatment of cervix cancer using high activity 60Co sources. Br J Radiol 45: 257–270
Kim J, Hilaris B (1975) Iodine-125 source in interstitial tumor therapy. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nuc Med 123: 163–169
Kirk J, Gray WM, Watson ER (1972) Cumulative radiation effect. II. Continuous radiation therapy-long-lived sources. Clin Radiol 23: 93–105
Lee KH, Kagan AR, Nussbaum H, Wollin M, Winkley JH, Norman A (1976) Analysis of dose, dose-rate and treatment time in the production of injuries by radium treatment for cancer of the uterine cervix. Br J Radiol 49: 430–440
Liversage WE (1969) A general formula for equating protracted and acute regimes of radiation. Br J Radiol 42: 432–440
McWhirter R (1936) 13th annual report of the British Empire Cancer Campaign. London, pp 131–144
Mitchell JS (1960) Studies in radiotherapeutics. Blackwell, Oxford Orton CG (1974) Time-dose factors (TDFs) in brachytherapy. Br J Radiol 47: 603–607
Orton CG, Ellis F (1973) A simplification in the use of the NSD concept in practical radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 46: 529–537
Paterson R (1952) Studies in optimum dosage. Br J Radiol 25: 505–516
Paterson R (1963) The treatment of malignant disease by radiotherapy, 2nd edn. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
Pierquin B, Chassagne D, Baillet F, Paine CH (1973) Clinical observations on the time factors in interstitial radiotherapy using iridium-192. Clin Radiol 24: 506–509
Pierquin BM, Mueller WK, Baillet F (1978) Low dose rate irradiation of advanced head and neck cancers: present status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 4: 565–572
Pierquin B, Calitchi E, Mazeron JJ, Le Bourgeois JP, Leung S (1985) A comparison between low dose rate radiotherapy and conventionally fractionated irradiation in moderately extensive cancers of the oropharynx. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 11: 431–439
Regaud C (1922) Distribution chronologique rationelle d’un traitement de cancer epithelial par les radiations. Compt Rend Soc de Biol 86: 1085–1088
Sherrah-Davies E (1985) Morbidity following low-dose-rate electron therapy for cervical cancer. Clin Radiol 36: 131–139
Snelling MD, Lambert HE, Yarnold JR (1979) The treatment of carcinoma of the cervix and endometrium using the cathetron at the Middlesex Hospital. Clin Radiol 30: 253–258
Thames HD (1985) An “incomplete-repair” model for survival after fractionated and continuous irradiations. Int J Radiat Biol 47: 319–339
Turesson I, Notter G, Wickstrom I, Johansson K-A, Eklund S (1984) The influence of irradiation time per treatment session on acute and late skin reactions: a study on human skin. Radiother Oncol 2: 235–245
Wilkinson JM, Hendry JH, Hunter RD (1980) Dose-rate considerations in the introduction of low-dose-rate afterloading intracavitary techniques for radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 53: 890–893
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Horwich, A., Blake, P., Steel, G.G. (1988). Low Dose Rate in Clinical Radiotherapy. In: Bleehen, N.M. (eds) Radiobiology in Radiotherapy. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1603-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1603-5_9
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1605-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1603-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive