Introduction

Abstract

The advent of micro-processors, the recent advances in computer architectures and the emergence of the Internet as a ‘universal communication medium’ have extended the horizon of computing beyond our imagination. The scope of, and the challenges faced by, human computing endeavours are, for all practical purposes, now limitless. Such endeavours aim at both material and intellectual enhancement of our life. Computers lie at the heart of most of the equipment we use day to day. Computers control almost all vital installations such as those in nuclear power and air traffic systems. Computers control and interpret the instruments which serve as our extended eyes and ears, probing deep into outer space and the secrets of life and matter.