Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Detection of ras Oncogenes Using PCR

  • Chapter
PCR Technology

Abstract

Cancer is thought to be mainly due to alterations in the cellular genome that affect the expression or function of genes controlling cell growth and differentiation. Present-day molecular cancer research aims at identifying the alterations responsible for the development of tumors, at characterizing the genes involved and at determining the consequences of the gene alterations for the control of cell growth and differentiation and for the process of carcinogenesis. Five major approaches have been used to identify genes that may place a role in carcinogenesis: 1) characterization of cellular sequences transduced to the genome of acutely transforming retroviruses, 2) transfection of tumor DNA into mouse NIH/3T3 cells and selection for transforming genes, 3) isolation of genes altered by insertion or viral sequences, 4) direct isolation of altered genes from tumor cells with a visible alteration, such as a translocation in their chromosomes, and 5) isolation of genes with sequence similarities to genes discovered by the other approaches. By these procedures, a large number of genes have been identified, but to date only a fraction of these have been implicated in the development of human tumors. Of these, the ras family has been the most thoroughly investigated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

eBook
USD 19.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Barbacid, M. (1987) Ann. Rev. Biochem. 56:779-827.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bos, J.L., Verlaan-de Vries, M. Janssen, A.M., Veeneman, G.H., van Boom, J.H., and van der Eb, A.J. (1984) Nucl. Acids Res. 12:9155–9163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Verlaan-de Vries, M., Bogaard, M.E., van den Elst, H., van Boom, J.H., van der Eb, A.J., and Bos, J.L. (1986) Gene 50:313–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bos, J.L., Fearon, E.R., Hamilton, S.R., Verlaan-de Vries, M., van Boom, J.H., van der Eb, A.J., and Volgelstein, B. (1987) Nature 327:293–297.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Shibata, D., Arnheim, N., and Martin, J. (1988) J. Exp. Med. 167:225–230.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Saiki, R., Sharf, S., Faloona, F., Mullis, K., Horn, G., Ehrlich, H.A., and Arnheim, N. (1985) Science 230:1350–1353.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Winter, E., Yamamoto, F., Almoguera, C., and Perucho, M. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:7575–7579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Almoguera, C., Shibata, D., Forrester, K., Martin, J., Arnheim, N., and Perucho, M. (1988) Cell 53:549–554.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. McMahon, G., Davis, E., and Wogan, G.N. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4974–4978.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Collins, S.J. (1988) Mutat. Res. 195:255–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Bos, J.L. (1988) Mutat. Res. 195:255–271.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Smit, V.T.H.B.M., Boot, A.J.M., Smits, A.M.M., Fleuren, G.J., Comelisse, CJ., and Bos, J.L. (1988) Nucl. Acids Res. 16:7773–7782.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Qualfe, CJ., Pinkert, CA. Omitz, D.M., Palmiter, R.D., and Brinster, R.L. (1987) Cell 48:1032–1034.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Vogelstein, B., Fearon, E.R., Hamilton, S.R., Kern, S.E., Preisinger, A.C., Leppert, M., Nakamura, Y., Whyte, R., Smits, A.M.M., and Bos, J.L. (1988) 319:525-532.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Forrester, K., Almoguera, C., Han, K., Grizzle, W.E., and Perucho, M. (1987) Nature 327:298–303.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Rodenhuis, S., van de Wetering, M.L., Mooi, WJ., Evers, S.G., van Zandwijk, N., and Bos, J.L. (1987) N. Engl. J. Med. 317:929–935.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rodenhuis, S., Slebos, RJ., Boot, A.J.M., Evers, S.G., Mooi, W.J., Wagenaar, S.S., van Bodegom, P.C., and Bos, J.L. (1988) Submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lemoine, N.R., Mayall, E.S., Wyllie, F.W., Dillwyn-Williams, E., Goyns, M., Stringer, B., and Wynford-Thomas, D. (1989) in press.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Suarez, H.G., Du Villard, J.A., Caillou, B., Schlumberger, M., Tubiana, M., Parmentier, C., and Monier, R. (1988) Oncogene 2:403–406.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fusco, A., Grieco, M., Santoro, Berlingieri, M.J., Pilotti, S., Pieroui, M.A., Dell Porta, G., and Vecchio, G. (1987) Nature 328:170–172.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Raybaud, F., Noguchi, T., Marics, I., Adelaide, J., Planche, J., Batoz, M., Aubert, C., de Lapeyriere, O., and Bimbaum, D. (1988) Cancer Res. 48:950–953.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Van’t Veer, L.J., Burgering, B.M.Th., Versteeg, R., Boot, A.J.M., Ruiter, DJ., Osanto, S., Schrier, P.I., and Bos, J.L. (1989) Submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Raskind, W.H., Triumali, N., Jacobson, R., Singer, J., and Fialkow, P.J. (1984) Blood 63:1318–1323.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Nowell, P.C. (1976) Science 194:23–28.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bos, J.L., Toksoz, D., Marshall, C.J., Verlaan-de Vries, M., Veeneman, G.H., van der Eb, A.J., van Boom, J.H., Janssen, J.W.G., and Steenvoorden, A.C.M. (1985) Nature 315:726–730.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bos, J.L., Verlaan-de Vries, M., van der Eb, A.J., Janssen, J.W.G., Delwel, R., Lowenberg, B., and Colly, L.P. (1987) Blood 69:1237–1241.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Needleman, S.W., Kraus, M.H., Srivastava, S.K., Levine, P.H., and Aaronson, S.A. (1986) Blood 67:753–757.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hirai, H., Kobayashi, Y, Mano, H., Hagiwara, K., Maru, Y., Omine, M., Mizoguchi, H., Nishida, J., and Takaku, F. (1987) Nature 327:430–432.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Janssen, J.W.G., Steenvoorden, A.C.M., Lyons, J., Anger, B., Bohlke, J.U., Bos, J.L., Seliger, H., and Bartram, C.R. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA USA 84:9228–9232.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Lui, E., Hjelle, B., Morgan, R., Hecht, F., and Bishop, J.M. (1987) Nature 330:186–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Toksoz, D., Farr, C.J., and Marshall, C.J. (1987) Oncogene 1:409–413.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Farr, C.J., Saiki, R.K., Ehrlich, H.A., McCormick, F., and Marshall, C.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:1629–1633.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Lyons, J., Janssen, J.W.G., Bartram, C.R., Layton, D.M., and Mufti, G.J. (1988) Blood 71:1707–1711.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Senn, H.P., Fopp, J.M., Schmid, L., and Moroni, C. (1988) Int. J. Cancer 41:59–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Padua, R.A., Carter, G., Hughes, D., Gow, J., Farr, C., Oscier, D., McCormick, F., and Jacobs, A. (1988) Leukemia 2:503–510.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Yunis, JJ., Boot, A.J.M., Mayer, M.G., and Bos, J.L. (1988) Submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Senn, H.P., Fopp, J.M., Schmid, L., and Moroni, C. (1988) Blood 72:931–935.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kraus, M.H., Yuasa, Y., and Aaronson, S.A. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA 81:5384–5388.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Van de Vijver, M., Peterse, J.L., Mooi, W.J., Lohmans, J., Verbruggen, M., van de Bersselaar, R., Devilee, P., Cornelisse, C., Bos, J.L., Yarnolad, J., and Nusse, R. (1988) Cancer Cell in press.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Spandidos, D.A. (1987) Anticancer Res. 7:991–996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Van’t Veer, L.J., Hennens, R., van den Berg-Bakker, L.A.M., Cheng, N. Ching, Fleuren, G.J., Bos, J.L., Cleton, F.J., and Schrier, P.I. (1988) Oncogene 2:157–165.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Hollstein, M.C., Smits, A.M., Galiana, C., Yamasaki, H., Bos, J.L., Mandard, A., Partensky, C., and Montesano, R. (1988) Submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ballas, K., Lyons, J., Janssen, J.W.G., and Bartram, C.R. (1988) Eur. J. Ped. 147:313–314.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Sakato, H., Mori, M., Taira, M., Yoshida, T., Matsukawa, S., Shimizu, K., Sekiguchi, M., Terada, M., and Sugimura, T. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:3997–4001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Fujita, K.N., Ohuchi, T. Yao, Okumura, M., Fukushima, Y., Kanakura, V., Kitamura, Y., and Fujita, J. (1987) Gastroenterology 6:1339–1345.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Fujita, J., Kraus, M.H., Onoue, H., Srivastava, S.K., Ebi, Y., Kitamura, Y., and Rhim, J.S. (1988) Cancer Res. 48:5251–5255.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Leon, J., Kamino, H., Steinberg, J.J., and Pellicer, A. (1988) Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:786–793.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Fujita, J., Srivastava, S.K., Kraus, M.H., Rhim, J.S., Tronick, S.R., and Aaronson, S.A. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:3849–3853.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Malone, P.R., Visvanathan, K.V., Ponder, BA., Shearer, R.J., and Summerhayes, II.C. (1985) Br. J. Urol. 57:664–667.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Visvanathan, K.V., Pocock, R.D., and Summerhays, I.C. (1988) Oncogene Res. 3:77–86.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Liu, E., Hjelle, B., and Bishop, J.M. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:1952–1956.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Rodenhuis, S., Bos, J.L., Slater, R.M., Behrendt, H., van’t Veer, M., and Smets, L.A. (1986) Blood 67:1698–1704.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Neri, A., Knowles, D.M., Greco, A, McCormick, F., and Dalla-Favera, R. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:9268–9272

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Johannes L. Bos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Genetics, Cetus Corporation, USA

    Henry A. Erlich Ph.D. (Senior Scientist, Director) (Senior Scientist, Director)

Copyright information

© 1989 Stockton Press

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bos, J.L. (1989). Detection of ras Oncogenes Using PCR. In: Erlich, H.A. (eds) PCR Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20235-5_18

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation