Abstract
The arrival of British troops in Egypt in August 1882 marked the first stage in the creation of a paramount authority in the country which Britain was to enjoy in various forms and under various guises until after the Second World War. During this period, no other foreign power was to exercise anything like the degree of influence over Egyptian affairs which Britain could deploy as a result of the political and military arrangements which were instituted after the destruction of Arabi’s army at the battle of Tel el-Kebir in September 1882.
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Notes
C. Issawi, ‘Asymmetrical Development and Transport in Egypt 1800–1914’, in The Beginnings oj Modernization in the Middle East, ed. W. Polk and R. Chambers (Chicago, 1968) p. 391.
C. Issawi, ‘Egypt since 1800: A Study in Lop-sided Development’, Journal of Economic History, XXI, 1 (1961) 8.
For Mehemet Ali’s economic motives, ibid., p. 7; for his relations with foreign commerce, E.R.J. Owen, Cotton and the Egyptian Economy (Oxford, 1967) pp. 53 ff.
Ibid., p. 60; G. Baer, A History of Landowner ship in Modern Egypt 1800–1950 (London, 1962) pp. 17–18.
P.J. Vatikiotis, A Modern History of Egypt (London, 1969) pp. 128 ff.; A. Hourani, ‘Ottoman Reform and the Politics of Notables’, in Polk and Chambers, op. cit., p. 57.
Earl of Cromer, Modern Egypt, vol. I (London, 1908) pp. 73, 81.
See Sir W. Willcocks and J.I. Craig, Egyptian Irrigation (3rd edn, London, 1913) vol. II, pp. 812–14.
Issawi, ‘Egypt since 1800: A Study in Lop-sided Development’, Journal of Economic History, XXI, 1 (1961) 12.
On Mustafa Kamil, see N. Safran, Egypt in Search of Political Community (Cambridge, Mass., 1961) pp. 85 ff.
R. Storrs, Orientations (Defin, edn, London, 1943) p. 69.
Amine Youssef Bey, Independent Egypt (London, 1940) p. 65.
P.J. Vatikiotis, Egypt: a Modern History (London, 1969) pp. 248–9.
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© 1981 John Darwin
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Darwin, J. (1981). British Policy and the Origins of the Post-War Crisis. In: Britain, Egypt and the Middle East. Cambridge Commonwealth Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16529-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16529-2_3
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