Abstract
After the downfall of the authoritarian regime of President Ferdinand E. Marcos of the Philippines with the tacit support of the USA, the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the House of Representatives, Dante Fascel, remarked that President Marcos lost his mandate to rule because he frustrated the popular desire for democratic rule, and added sentimentally that ‘ Americans fought and many lost their lives to preserve the freedom of [South] Korea. The time has come — indeed is overdue — for the [South] Korean government to restore to its citizens the control of their own destiny.’1 President Ronald Reagan, on the other hand, congratulated himself on his success in dealing with the Philippine situation, and within weeks of this success brought about a change in his earlier policy — known as the Reagan Doctrine — which had singled out leftism as the sole foe of freedom and democracy. The change in the policy was clearly reflected in the President’s statement made on 14 March 1986: ‘ American people believe in human rights and oppose tyranny in whatever form, whether of the left or the right.’2
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Notes
Hong N. Kim, ‘ US archival materials in Washington, DC, for the study of Korea’, Korea Observer, 188 (1987) p. 117.
Joo Hong Nam, ‘ US-ROK security relations towards the 1990s: the role of US forces in Korea’, Korean Journal of International Studies, 18 (1987) p. 117.
For a detailed analysis see Edward A. Olsen, ‘ The arms race in the Korean Peninsula’, Asian Survey ,26 (1986), and
Tong Whan Park, ‘ Political economy of the arms race in Korea: queries, evidence and insights’, Asian Survey, 26 (1986).
Gerald L. Curtis and Sung-Joo Han, The US-South Korean alliance ( Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath, 1983 ), p. 54.
Chintamani Mahapatra, ‘ Marcos’ Exit: A US-engineered Change?, Strategic Analysis, 10 (1986), p. 608.
William H. Overholt, ‘ Korea’s international roles: a move towards prominence’, Korea and World Affairs, 2 (1987), p. 14.
Byung-Foo Ahn, ‘ Korea: a rising middle power in world politics’, Korea and World Affairs, 2 (1987) p. 14.
Evelyn Colbert, ‘ Japan and the Republic of Korea’, Asian Survey, 26 (1986) p. 286.
Girijesh Pant, ‘ Political economy of the Korean miracle’, Social Scientist, 144 (1984) p. 23.
Letter from Charles Denby to John Sharman, 31 January 1898, in Ruhl J. Barlett (ed.) The record of American diplomacy: documents and readings in the history of American foreign relations ( New York: Knopf, 1950 ) p. 408.
For details see Bruce Cummings, ‘ American policy and Korean liberation’, in Frank Baldwin (ed.) Without parallel: the American-Korean relationship since 1945 ( New York: Pantheon, 1974 ) p. 44.
Lee Shin-bom, ‘ South Korea; dissent from abroad’, Third World Quarterly (London) 9 (1987)132–3.
Asia Watch, Human Rights In Korea ( New York: Asia Watch Report, 1986 ) p. 43.
Jimmy Carter, Keeping faith: memoirs of a President ( Toronto and New york: Bantam Books, 1982 ) p. 578.
Tamar Jacoby, ‘ The Reagan turnaround on human rights’, Foreign Affairs, 64 (1986) p. 1069.
Alan D. Romberg, ‘ New stirrings in Asia’, Foreign Affairs, 64 (1985) pp. 132–3.
Ahn Byung-Young, ‘ Industrialization and political parties in Korea’, Korean Social Science Journal ,13 (1986–7) p. 34.
Richard Holbrooke, ‘ East Asia: the next challenge’, Foreign Affairs, 64 (1986) p. 746.
Hans Binnendijk, ‘ Authoritarian regimes in transition’, Washington Quarterly,10 (1987) p. 153.
Gary Hawes, ‘ United States support for the Marcos Administration and the pressures that made for change’, Contemporary Southeast Asia, (1986) pp. 18–19.
Edward A. Olsen, ‘ South Korean Political Uncertainty and US Policy’, Washington Quarterly, 10 (1987) p. 175.
Chintamani Mahapatra, ‘ Whither Reagan’s Chile Policy?’, Strategic Analysis, 10 (1986) p. 971.
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© 1989 Caroline Thomas and Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu
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Mahapatra, C. (1989). The US Response to Political Instability in South Korea. In: Thomas, C., Saravanamuttu, P. (eds) The State and Instability in the South. Southampton Studies in International Policy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10421-5_8
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