Abstract
Having examined how the Indo-Pakistan rivalry provides the major dynamics for the South Asian security complex, we now turn to investigate the role of the smaller states of South Asia in shaping the security complex. Here we are primarily concerned with fear interrelated questions: the first is to ascertain the role of the smaller states in the rivalry between India and Pakistan and to determine if they make any tangible difference in that conflict; second, we examine the importance of some of the smaller states as buffers between South Asia and its neighbouring complexes and to see if they continue to perform their historical role for which they had been set up; third, we assess the role of these states in facilitating penetration by external powers of the complex; and finally, of course, to determine whether the character of the complex preserves or erodes or enhances the independent status of the smaller states.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
B. H. Farmer, An Introduction to South Asia (London, 1983) ch. 1.
W. J. Barnds, ‘South Asia’, in J. W. Rosenau et al., World Politics (New York, 1976) pp. 501–27.
See Ramakant and M. D. Dharamdasani, ‘Pakistan-Nepal Relations; from Indifference to Consolidation’, pp. 426–36, and N. Iyer, ‘Pakistan and Sri Lanka: the Dynamics of Distant Cordiality’, pp. 437–53, in S. Chopra (ed.), Perspectives on Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (Amritsar, 1983).
Z. Khalilzad, Security in Southern Asia, I: The Security of Southwest Asia (Aldershot, 1984) p. 99.
S. Mansingh, India’s Search for Power (New Delhi, 1984) ch. 6.
Urmila Phadnis, ‘Indo-Ceylonese Relations’, in M. S. Rajan (ed.) India’s Foreign Relations During the Nehru Era (Bombay, 1974) pp. 26–31.
T. Maniruzzaman, ‘Bangladesh in 1976: Struggle for Survival as an Independent State’, Asian Survey, vol. XVII, no. 2 (February 1977).
K. Subramanyam, ‘India’s Security — Present and Future’, paper presented at a Seminar on ‘India’s security: Past, Present and Future’ at St Antony’s College, Oxford, October 27–29, 1984.
D. M. Prasad, ‘Indo-Sri Lanka Relations; Mutual Problems and Common Approaches’, in S. Chopra (ed.), Studies in India’s Foreign Policy (Amritsar, 1983) pp. 297–8.
For details, see A. Toussaint, History of the Indian Ocean (Chicago, 1969).
T. George, R. Litwak and Shahram Chubin, Security in Southern Asia 2: India and the Great Powers (Aldershot, 1984) pp. 116–23.
R. Rahul, Royal Bhutan (New Delhi, 1983) pp. 61–2: R. and M. D. Dharamdasani, ‘India’s Attitude Towards Nepal’, in Chopra (ed.), Studies in India’s Foreign Policy, pp. 281–94.
See R. Sobhan, The Crisis of External Dependence. The Political Economy of Foreign Aid to Bangladesh (Dacca, 1982).
R. Jahan, ‘Bangladesh Nationalism’, in E. Ahamed (ed.), Bangladesh Politics: Problems and Issues (Dacca, 1980) pp. 93–127.
M. Anisuzzaman, ‘Bangladesh Nationalism’, in E. Ahamed (ed.), Bangladesh Politics (Dacca, 1980) pp. 79–97.
I. Hossain, ‘Bangladesh-India Relations’, in E. Ahamed (ed.), Foreign Policy of Bangladesh: A Small State’s Imperative (Dacca, 1984) p. 36.
For details, see S. S. Bindra, Indo-Bangladesh Relations (New Delhi, 1982).
S. M. Ali, After the Dark Night: Problems of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (New Delhi, 1977) pp. 136–7.
R. D. Sawvell, ‘Crisis on the Ganges: the Barrage at Farakka’, Geography, Vol. 63 (1978) pp. 49–52;
for a Bangladesh point of view, see B. M. Abbas, The Ganges Water Dispute (Dacca, 1983).
S. A. Hussain, ‘Security Perceptions of Bangladesh: Dilemmas of a Small State’, a paper in a seminar on ‘South Asian Security: Past, Present and Future’ held at St Antony’s College, Oxford from 27 to 29 October 1984.
S. D. Muni, ‘Strategic Aspects of SARC’, Strategic Analysis, vol. IX, no. 4 (April 1984), pp. 24–5.
See S. U. Kodikara, Indo-Ceylon Relations Since Independence (Colombo, 1965).
P. Mason (ed.), India and Ceylon: Unity and Diversity, A Symposium (London, 1967) p. 274:
see also W. H. Wriggins, ‘Impediments to Unity in New Nations: The Case of Ceylon’, American Political Science Review, Vol. LV (June 1961).
R. B. Goldmann and A. Jeyaratnam Wilson (eds), From Independence to Statehood: Managing Ethnic Conflict in Five African and Asian Countries (London, 1984). See esp. 7, 8, 9 and 11.
Ian Jack, ‘Sri Lanka’s Last Bid to Woo Tamils from Terror’, The Sunday Times, 16 December 1984; The Guardian, 9 May 1985.
S. D. Muni and Urmila Phadnis, ‘Ceylon, Nepal and the Emergence of Bangla Desh’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. VII (19 February 1972), pp. 471–6.
K. M. Panikkar, The Strategic Problems of the Indian Ocean (Allahabad, 1944), pp. 16–18.
K. P. Krishna Shetty, ‘Ceylon’s Foreign Policy: Emerging Patterns of Nonalignment’, South Asian Studies, vol. I (April 1966) pp. 3–14.
C. Kumar, ‘The Indian Ocean: The Arc of Crisis or Zone of Peace’, International Affairs (Spring 1984) pp. 234–46.
By far the best work on Nepal is Leo Rose, Nepal: Strategy for Survival (London, 1971);
see also P. C. Chakravarti, The Evolution of India’s Northern Border (New York, 1971).
For details see P. P. Karan and W. M. Jenkins, Nepal: A Cultural and Physical Geography (Lexington, 1960).
N. Kihara (ed.), People of Nepal Himalayas (Koyota, 1957) passim.
R. Shaha, Nepali Politics: Retrospect and Prospect (New Delhi, 1976) pp. 142–4.
Full text of the letter exchanged at the time of the signing of the Treaty is reproduced in S. D. Muni, Foreign Policy of Nepal (Delhi, 1973).
S. D. Muni, Foreign Policy of Nepal, (Delhi, 1973) pp. 35–46.
R. Rahul, The Himalaya as a Frontier (New Delhi, 1978) p. 96; S. Mansingh; India’s Search for Power, pp. 296–7.
J. Belfiglio, ‘India’s Economic and Political Relations with Bhutan’, Asian Survey (August 1972).
M. Kohli, ‘Dragon Kingdom’s Urge for an International Role’, India Quarterly, vol. XXXVII, no. 2 (April–June 1981) pp. 227–40.
D. P. Singh, India and Afghanistan 1876–1907 (Delhi, 1963).
Z. Khalilzad, Security in Southern Asia 1. The Security of Southwest Asia (Aldershot, 1984) p. 106.
B. Sen Gupta, ‘The Necessity of Choice’, Seminar (February 1980), p. 36.
See A. B. Vajpayee’s statement in Times of India, 2 January 1980.
Copyright information
© 1986 Barry Buzan and Gowher Rizvi
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rizvi, G. (1986). The Role of the Smaller States in the South Asian Complex. In: South Asian Insecurity and the Great Powers. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07939-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07939-1_5
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-07941-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-07939-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)