Abstract
As pointed out in the previous chapter, recent years have witnessed a very great interest among economists in industrial research and development, a considerable number of studies of this facet of business activity having been carried out.1 Although these studies have promoted a much clearer understanding of this area, we still have very little information concerning many important aspects of industrial research and development, one of the most obvious gaps being the lack of studies indicating the characteristics of research and development in various industries, the effect of various characteristics of a firm on the nature of the R and D it undertakes, and the effects of various characteristics of a firm on the effectiveness of a firm’s R and D efforts.
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Notes
For example, see Edwin Mansfield, Industrial Research and Technological Innovation, (New York: W. W. Norton for the Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at Yale University, 1968);
Richard Nelson, Merton Peck, and Edward Kalachek, Technology, Economic Growth, and Public Policy (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1967);
Richard Nelson, and Thomas Marschak, Thomas Glennan, and Robert Summers, Strategy for R and D (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1967).
For a review of the literature, see Edwin Mansfield, The Economics of Technological Change (New York: W. W. Norton, 1968), Chap. 3.
See Allan Cartter, “Economics of the University” (American Economic Review, May 1965);
Allan Cartter, An Assessment of Quality in Graduate Education (American Council on Education, 1966).
Robert Seiler, Improving the Effectiveness of Research and Development (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965), p. 133.
For some discussions of the reasons for, and the advantages of, separating research from development, see William Kornhauser, Scientists in Industry: Conflict and Accommodation (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962);
A. Stanley and K. White, Organizing the R and D Function (American Management Association, 1965).
A statistical discriminant function is optimal in the sense that under specified conditions, it minimizes the proportion of incorrect predictions. See T. Anderson, An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis (New York: Wiley, 1958).
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© 1971 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
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Mansfield, E., Rapoport, J., Schnee, J., Wagner, S., Hamburger, M. (1971). Research and Development: Characteristics, Organization, and Outcome. In: Research and Innovation in the Modern Corporation. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-01639-6_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-01639-6_2
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
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