Abstract
Maintenance hemodialysis is an accepted life support system ensuring long term survival of half a million end stage renal failure patients worldwide. Hemodialysis patients are regularly exposed to 300–400 liters of hemodialysis fluids per week during dialysis. The quality of water used to dilute the concentrated dialysate fluid is important because of the nature of the contact between dialysate and the patient’s blood. The end stage renal failure patient is the last link of a complex chain leading to the hemodialysis process, where patient’s blood is exposed to dialysate. One can look at the hemodialysis system as the end point of an hydraulic circuit where city water is changed in water for HD through municipal water supply, water treatment system, distribution system and delivering dialysate through the artificial kidney (Figure 1).
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Canaud, B.J.M., Mion, C.M. (1996). Water Treatment for Contemporary Hemodialysis. In: Jacobs, C., Kjellstrand, C.M., Koch, K.M., Winchester, J.F. (eds) Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-36947-1_8
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