Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a relatively novel technique that allows the study of the dynamic properties of cortical activity. The functional localization of brain sources of MEG signals depends on the models used and it always has a certain degree of uncertainty. Nevertheless, MEG can be very useful in assisting the neurosurgeon in planning and carrying out brain surgery in, or around, eloquent brain areas, and in epilepsy surgery in pharmaco-resistant patients. The following three areas of application of MEG in neurosurgery are reviewed: (i) Presurgical functional localization of somatomotor eloquent cortex; (ii) Presurgical evaluation of epileptic patients. (iii) Functional localization of speech relevant brain areas. The performance of MEG in comparison with EEG and fMRI is discussed.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allison T, McCarthy G et al (1989) Human cortical potentials evoked by stimulation of the median nerve. J Neurophysiol 62: 694–710
Allison T, McCarthy G et al (1991) Potentials evoked in human and monkey cerebral cortex by stimulation of the median nerve: a review of scalp and intracranial recordings. Brain 114: 2465–2503
Anastasiadis PG, Kotini A, Anninos P, Adamopoulos A, Sigalas J, Koutlaki N (2003) Chaotic and periodic analysis of fetal magnetocardiogram recordings in growth restriction. Prenat Diagn 23(5): 405–409
Baumgartner C, Pataraia E et al (2000) Magnetoencephalography in focal epilepsy. Epilepsia 41[Suppl] 3: S39–S47
Buchner H, Fuchs M et al (1994) Source analysis of median nerve and finger stimulated somatosensory evoked potentials: multichannel simultaneous recording of electric and magnetic fields combined with 3D MRI tomography. Brain Topography 6: 299–310
Cohen D (1968) Magnetoencephalography: evidence of magnetic field produced by alpha-rhythm currents. Science 161: 784–786
Disbrow EA, Slutsky DA et al (2000) Functional MRI at 1.5 tesla: a comparison of the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal and electrophysiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97(17): 9718–9723
Ebersole JS (1997) Defining epileptogenic foci: past, present and future. J Clin Neurophysiol 14: 470–483
Engel J Jr (1993) Intracerebral recordings: organization of the human epileptogenic region. J Clin Neurophysiol 10: 90–98
Ganslandt O, Fahlbusch R et al (1999) Functional neuronavigation with magnetoencephalography: outcome in 50 patients with lesions around the motor cortex. J Neurosurg 91(1): 73–79
Gootjes L, Raij T et al (1999) Left-hemisphere dominance for processing of vowels: a whole-scalp neuromagnetic study. Neuroreport 10(14): 2987–2991
Gotman J, Wang IY (1991) State-dependent spike detection: concepts and preliminary results. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 79: 11–19
Hari R, Forss N (1999) Magnetoencephalography in the study of human somatosensory cortical processing. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 354: 1145–1154
Hari R, Reinikerinen K et al (1984) Somatosensory evoked cerebral magnetic fields from SI and SII in man. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 57: 254–263
Hari R, Salenius S (1999) Rhythmical corticomotor communication. Neuro-Report 10: R1–R10
Inoue T, Shimizu H et al (1999) Accuracy and limitation of functional magnetic resonance for identification of central sulcus: comparison with magnetoencephalography in patients with brain tumours. Neuroimage 10: 738–748
Iwasaki M, Nakasato N et al (2002) Surgical implications of neuromagnetic spike localization in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 43: 415–424
Kanzaki H, Nakatani S, Kandori A, Tsukada K, Miyatake K (2003) A new screening method to diagnose coronary artery disease using multichannel magnetocardiogram and simple exercise. Basic Res Cardiol 98(2): 124–132
Kober H, Moller M et al (2001) New approach to localize speech relevant brain areas and hemispheric dominance using spatially filtered magnetoencephalography. Hum Brain Mapp 14(4): 236–250
Kober H, Nimsky C et al (2001) Correlation of sensorimotor activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography in presurgical functional imaging: a spatial analysis. Neuroimage 14(5): 1214–1228
Lantz G, Wahlberg P et al (1998) Categorization of inter-ictal epileptiform potentials using a graphic-theoretic method. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 107: 323–331
Mäkelä JP, Kirveskari E et al (2001) Three-dimensional integration of brain anatomy and function to facilitate intraoperative navigation around the sensorimotor strip. Human Brain Mapping 12: 180–192
Malonek D, Dirnagl U et al (1997) Vascular imprints of neuronal activity: relationships between the dynamics of cortical blood flow, oxygenation, and volume changes following sensory stimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94(26): 14826–14831
Mauguiere F (1998) Somatosensory evoked potentials: normal reposnses, abnormal waveforms and clinical applications in neurological diseases. 1014–1058
Momjian S, Seghier M et al (2003) Mapping of the neuronal networks of human cortical brain functions. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 28: 91–142
Okada YC, Tanenbaum R et al (1984) Somatotopic organization of the human somatosensory cortex revealed by neuromagnetic measurements. Exp Brain Res 56(197–205)
Ossenblok P, Fuchs M et al (1999) Source analysis of lesional frontal lobe epilepsy. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 18: 67–77
Ossenblok P, Luiten FSS et al (2003) Magnetic source imaging contributes to the presurgical identification of sensorimotor cortex in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 114: 212–232
Papanicolaou AC, Simos PG et al (1999) Magnetoencephalographic mapping of the language specific cortex. J Neurosurgery 90: 85–93
Rezai AR, Hund M et al (1996) The interactive use of magneto-encephalography in stereotaxic image-guided neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 39(1): 92–102
Robinson SE, Rose DG (1992) Current source image estimation by spatial filtered MEG
Salenius S, Portin K et al (1997) Cortical control of human motorneuron firing during isometyric contractions. J Neurophysiol 77: 3401–3405
Salmelin R, Hari R et al (1994) Dynamics of brain activation during picture naming. Nature 368: 463–465
Stefan H, Hummel C et al (2000) Magnetoencephalography in extratemporal epilepsy. J Clin Neurophysiol 17: 190–200
Sutherling WW, Crabdall P et al (1988) The magnetic and electric fields agree with intracranial localization of somtaosensory cortex. Neurology 38: 373–381
Sutherling WW, Levesque MF et al (1991) Localization of partial epilepsy using magnetic and electric measurements. Epilepsia 32[Suppl] 5: S29–S40
Van’t Ent D, Manshanden I et al (2003) Spike Cluster analysis in neocortical localization related epilepsy achieves clinically significant source localization results in MEG. Clin Neurophysiol (in press)
Van’t Ent D, Manshanden I et al (2003) Spike cluster analysis in neocortical localization related epilepsy yields clinically significant equivalent source localization results in magnetoencephalogram (MEG). Clin Neurophysiol
Wada J, Rasmussen T (1960) Intracarotid injection of sodium amytal for the lateralization of cerebral speech dominance. J Neurosurgery 17: 266–282
Wahlberg P, Lantz G (2000) Methods for robust clustering of epileptic EEG spikes. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 47: 857–868
Wilson SB, Turner CA et al (1999) Spike detection. II. Automatic, perception-based detection and clustering. Clin Neurophysiol 110: 404–411
Wood CC, Cohen D et al (1985) Electrical sources in human somatosensory cortex: identification by combined magnetic and potential recordings. Science 227: 1051–1053
Zilles K, Schlaug G et al (1995) Mapping of human and macaque sensorimotor areas by integrating architectonic, transmitter receptor, MRI and PET data. J Anat 187(Pt 3): 515–537
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag/Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
da Lopes Silva, F.H. (2005). What is Magnetoencephalography and why it is Relevant to Neurosurgery?. In: Pickard, J.D., et al. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 30. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-27208-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-27208-9_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-211-21403-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-211-27208-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)