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Cassini Imaging Science: Instrument Characteristics and Anticipated Scientific Investigations at Saturn

  • Chapter
The Cassini-Huygens Mission

Abstract

The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) is the highest-resolution two-dimensional imaging device on the Cassini Orbiter and has been designed for investigations of the bodies and phenomena found within the Saturnian planetary system. It consists of two framing cameras: a narrow angle, reflecting telescope with a 2-m focal length and a square field of view (FOV) 0.35° across, and a wide-angle refractor with a 0.2-m focal length and a FOV 3.5° across. At the heart of each camera is a charged coupled device (CCD) detector consisting of a 1024 square array of pixels, each 12 µ on a side. The data system allows many options for data collection, including choices for on-chip summing, rapid imaging and data compression. Each camera is outfitted with a large number of spectral filters which, taken together, span the electromagnetic spectrum from 200 to 1100 nm. These were chosen to address a multitude of Saturn-system scientific objectives: sounding the three-dimensional cloud structure and meteorology of the Saturn and Titan atmospheres, capturing lightning on both bodies, imaging the surfaces of Saturn’s many icy satellites, determining the structure of its enormous ring system, searching for previously undiscovered Saturnian moons (within and exterior to the rings), peering through the hazy Titan atmosphere to its yet-unexplored surface, and in general searching for temporal variability throughout the system on a variety of time scales. The ISS is also the optical navigation instrument for the Cassini mission. We describe here the capabilities and characteristics of the Cassini ISS, determined from both ground calibration data and in-flight data taken during cruise, and the Saturn-system investigations that will be conducted with it. At the time of writing, Cassini is approaching Saturn and the images returned to Earth thus far are both breathtaking and promising.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CICLOPS/Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA

    Robert A. West, Torrence V. Johnson, Vance Haemmerle & William Owen

  2. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Steven Squyres, Peter Thomas, Joseph Veverka & Joseph A. Burns

  3. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

    Alfred McEwen & Douglas Dawson

  4. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Carl D. Murray & Kevin Beurle

  5. Queen Mary, University of London, London, England

    Anthony Delgenio

  6. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, New York, USA

    Andrew P. Ingersoll

  7. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Gerhard Neukum

  8. Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany

    Luke Dones

  9. Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, USA

    Andre Brahic

  10. Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, Paris, France

    Thomas Roatsch

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Porco, C.C. et al. (2004). Cassini Imaging Science: Instrument Characteristics and Anticipated Scientific Investigations at Saturn. In: Russell, C.T. (eds) The Cassini-Huygens Mission. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3874-7_6

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