Conclusions
The pathways for metabolic generation of ATP and crossbridge and other molecular machines that use ATP are necessarily connected because both sets of molecular modules share common metabolites, specifically ATP, ADP, Pi and pH. These metabolites act to modulate the flux in the mechanisms for energy demand and supply. The products of the ATPases are signals regulating the flux of ATP synthesis. The results of ATPase and ATP synthesis modulate metabolites that influence crossbridge kinetics and force generation. There are only a small number of critical chemical reactions that are necessary to advance quantitative understanding of these processes. The stoichiometric inter-relationships, defined by chemical rules, thus enforce a degree of simplification onto the system. The reason is the constraints imposed by the constancy of the internal composition, mass balances, stoichiometric rules and shared pH environment must follow ordinary conservation rules for mass and charge balances. We argue that these princip les permit the obtaining of basic information concerning the organization of muscle energetics and the discerning of simple yet surprisingly powerful rules governing function. Moreover, they offer bases from which strong inferences can be made to integrate mechanisms as diverse as molecular crossbridge motors, metabolic fluxes generating ATP, cell respiration, and muscle oxygen consumption.
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Keywords
- Creatine Kinase
- Human Skeletal Muscle
- Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Frog Muscle
- Stoichiometric Relationship
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Kushmerick, M.J. (2005). From Crossbridges to Metabolism: System Biology for Energetics. In: Sugi, H. (eds) Sliding Filament Mechanism in Muscle Contraction. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 565. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-24990-7_13
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