Abstract
Thephantom array was used to probe the time course of the shift in retinal local signs that accompanies a saccadic eye movement. The phantom array materializes when one saccades in the dark across a point light source blinking 120 times per second. One sees a stationary array of flashes—the first materializes discretely near the intended endpoint of the saccade, and subsequent flashes materialize progressively closer to the actual position of the blinking light. Four trained observers indicated the perceived location, relative to the phantom array, of a 1-msec marker flash (M) produced by two LEDs (light-emitting diodes) that vertically bracketed the blinking light. The marker was seen as spatially coincident with the first flash when it flashed 80 to 0 msec before the saccade, and was seen as spatially coincident with either the first flash or the actual position of the blinking light when it flashed mare than 80 msec before the saccade, indicating, respectively, that the shaft is presaccadic and rather abrupt.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bartz, A. (1962). Eye movement latency, duration, and response time as a function of angular displacement.Journal of Experimental Psychology,64, 318–324.
Becker, W., &Jurgens, R. (1975). Saccadic reactions to double-step stimuli: Evidence for model feedback and continuous information uptake In G. Lennerstrand, P. Bach-y-Rica, C. C. Collins, A. Jampolsky, & A. B. Scott (Eds.),Basic mechanisms of ocular motility and their clinical implications (pp. 519–524). New York: Pergamon
Bischof, N., &Kramer, B. (1968). Unterschungen send Überlegungen zur Richtungswahrnehmung bet willkürlichen sakkadischen Augenbewegungen.Psychologische Forschung,32, 195–218.
Bridgeman, B. (1986). Multiple sources of outflow in processing spatial information.Acta Psychologica,63, 358.
Dassonville, P., Schilag, J., &Schlag-Rey, M. (1992). Oculomotor localization relies on a damped representation of saccadic eye displacement in human and nonhuman primates.Visual Neuroscience,9, 261–269.
Duhamel, J.-R., Colby, C. L., &Goldberg, M. E. (1992). The updating of the representation of visual space in parietal cortex by intended eye movements.Science,225, 90–92.
Grüsser, O.-J. (1986). Interaction of efferent and afferent signals in visual perception: A history of ideas and experimental paradigm.Acta Psychologica,63, 3–21.
Grusser, O.-J., Krizic, A., &Weiss, L. (1987). Afterimage movement during saccades in the dark.Vision Research,27, 215–226.
Hallett, P. E., &Lightstone, A. D. (1976a). Saccadic eye movements to flashed targets.Vision Research.26, 101–107.
Hallett, P. E., &Lightstone, A. D. (1976b). Saccadic eye movements towards stimuli triggered by pact saccades.Vision Research,16, 99–106.
Hansen, R., &.Skavenski, A. A. (1985). Accuracy of spatial localizations near the time of saccadic eye movements.Vision Research,25, 1077–1082.
Hershberger, W. [A.] (1987). Saccadic eye movements and the perception of visual direction.Perception do Psychophysics,41, 35–44.
Hershberger, W. A., &Jordan, J. S. (1992) Visual direction constancy: Perceiving the visual direction of perisaccadic flashes. In E. Chekaluk (Ed.),The role of eye movements in perceptual processes (pp. 1–43) Amsterdam Elsevier.
Hershberger, W. A., & Jordan, J. S. (1994).The phantom array. A perisaccadic illusion of visual direction. Manuscript submitted for publication,
Hershberger, W. A., &Lucas, D. R. (1993) Saccades to targets flashed during a prior saccade.Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual sciences,34, 1448 (FromProceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research and Ophthalmology, Sarasota, FL, Abstract No. 3948)
Honda, H. (1989). Perceptual localization of visual stimuli clashed during saccades.Perception & Psychophysics,45, 162–174.
Honda, H. (1990). Eye movements to a visual stimulus flashed before, during, or after a saccade. In M. Jeannerod (Ed.),Attention and performance XIII: Motor representation and control (pp 567–582) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
MacKay, D. M. (1970) Mislocation of test flashes during saccadic image displacements.Nature,227, 731–732.
Matin, L. (1972). Eve movements and perceived visual direction. In D. Jameson & L. Hurvich (Eds.).Handbook of sensory physiology (Vol. 7, pp 331–380). Heidelberg Springer.
Matin, L. (1982). Visual localization and eve movements. In W. A Wagenaar, A. H. Wertheim, & H. W. Leibowitz (Eds.),Eye movements and psychological processes (pp. 182–225). New York Erlbaum.
Matin, L., &Pearce, D. G. (1965) Visual perception of direction far stimuli flashed during voluntary saccadic eve movements.Science,148, 1485–1488
Miller, J. M. (1993) Egocentric localization of a brief perisaccadic flash.Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences,34, 1138. (From Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research and Ophthalmology, Sarasota, FL, Abstract No 2142)
O’Regan, J. K. (1984). Retinal versus extraretinal influences in flash localization during saccadic eye movements in the presence of a visible background.Perception & Psychophysics,36, 1–14
Robinson, D. A. (1968). Eye movement control in primates.Science,184, 1219–1224.
Robinson, D. A. (1975) Oculomotor control signals. In G. Lennerstrand & P. Bach-y-Rita (Eds.),Basic mechanisms of ocular motility and their clinical implications (pp. 337–374) New York: Pergamon.
Robinson, D. A. (1981). The use of control systems analysis in the neurophysiology of eye movements.Annual Review of Neuroscience,4, 463–503.
Robinson, D. A. (1986). The systems approach to the oculomotor system.Vision Research,26, 91–99
Saslov, M. (1967). Latency far saccadic eye movement.Journal of the Optical Society of America,57, 1030–1033
Shebilske, W. L. (1976) Extraretinal information in corrective saccades and inflow vs. outflow theories of visual direction constancy.Vision Research,16, 621–628
Shebilske, W. L. (1977). Visuomotor coordination in visual direction and position constancies. In W. Epstein (Ed.),Stability and constancy in visual perception (pp. 23–69) New York: Wiley.
Skavenski, A. A. (1972) Inflow as a source of extraretinal eye-position information.Vision Research,12, 221–229.
Skavenski, A. A. (1990). Eye movement and visual localization of objects in space. In E. Kowler (Ed.),Eye movements and their role in visual and cognitive processes (pp 263–287) Amsterdam: Elsevier
Sperling, G., &Speelman, R. A. (1966). Visual spatial localization during object motion, apparent object motion and image motion produced by eye movements.Journal of the Optical Society of America,55, 1576–1577
Steinbach, M. J. (1987). Proprioceptive knowledge of eye position.Vision Research,10, 1737–1744
Stevens, J. K., Emerson, R. C., Gerstein, G. L., Kallos, T., Neufled, G. R., Nichols, C.W., &Rosenquist, A. C. (1976). Paralysis of the awake human: Visual perceptions.Vision Research,15, 93–98.
von Graefe, A. (1854) Beiträge zur Physiologie und Pathologie der schiefen Augenmuskeln.Von Graefe’s Archiv für Opthalmologie,1, 1–18.
White, C., &Eason, R. (1962). Latency and duration of eye movements in the horizontal plane.Journal of the Optical Society of America,51, 210–213.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This paper is based upon a doctoral dissertation by J. S. J. at Northern Illinois University.
—Accepted by previous editor, Charles W. Eriksen
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jordan, J.S., Hershberger, W.A. Timing the shift in retinal local signs that accompanies a saccadic eye movement. Perception & Psychophysics 55, 657–666 (1994). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211680
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211680