Abstract
In this study, ten trace elements in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., Lamiaceae, from different regions, periods and parts in Xinjiang were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry following microwave-assisted acid digestion. The decreasing sequence of elements levels was K > Ca > Mg > Fe > Cu > Zn > Na > Mn > Cd > Pb. Chemometric approaches, such as correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied to classify Z. clinopodioides according to its elements contents. Principal component analysis revealed 83.51% of the variance with the first four principal component variables. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated five groups from the eighteen regions, and the result of classification can correspond to the geographical distribution for the most regions. Variation in the elements exhibited a decreasing trend, but of different types in the studied periods. Elemental contents distributed in leaves were higher than those in flowers and stems. Therefore, chemometric approaches could be used to analyze data to accurately classify Z. clinopodioides according to origins. This study provided some elemental information on chemotaxonomy, diversity, changing pattern, distribution, and metabolism of Z. clinopodioides at spatial and temporal levels, and could be used as a reference of planting and quality standards.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Program for Xinjiang Science and Technology Support Plan (Grant No. 201233134) and Program for Xinjiang Graduate Innovation Fund (XJGRI2013090). The authors thank Yonghe Li for identification of plant samples.
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XJZ, JL and FL contributed in running the laboratory work andXJZ carried out data analyses and wrote the manuscript. WHD, XJZ,JL and XYZ contributed in collecting plant samples. SGT designed the study, supervised the laboratory work and gave critical reading of the manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved the submission.
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Zhang, X., Ding, W., Li, J. et al. Multi-elemental analysis of Ziziphora clinopodioides from different regions, periods and parts using atomic absorption spectrometry and chemometric approaches. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 25, 465–472 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.021