Abstract
Organic heterostructures (OHs) with multi-segments exhibit unique optoelectronic properties due to the directional energy transfer between adjacent segments compared with single-component structures. Nevertheless, the OHs with a spontaneously formed substructure might not meet the practical application needs. Accordingly, constructing the building blocks (crystals X and Y) into rational configurations (such as XYX or reversed YXY patterns) at will would greatly promote the development of OHs in optics. Herein, we demonstrate sequential crystallization, combining spontaneous self-assembly and seeded stepwise self-assembly processes, to manipulate longitudinal epitaxial growth of red-emissive fluorene-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (R) or near-infrared-emissive fluorene-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (N) on each other, resulting in the OHs with interchangeable block patterns: RNR and NRN. The OHs with RNR pattern display gradient-color emission and waveguide property as a result of gradually-doped heterojunction, while the NRN-pattern OHs exhibit pure dual-color emission and waveguide property due to the well-defined boundary. This work realizes the order-controllable growth of blocks in OHs and affords an avenue to rationally construct complex OHs for future optics development.
摘要
与单一结构相比, 有机嵌段异质结构具有特殊的光电性能. 然而, 有机分子间的相互作用主导了异质结构构建单元的生长顺序, 如有机单元A、 B会自发形成BAB型结构而不是相反的ABA型结构, 不能可控生长. 在此, 我们提出了次序结晶工程, 结合晶种逐步自组装, 控制共晶R与共晶N在彼此的两端纵向外延生长, 从而精确合成具有可逆嵌段构型的有机嵌段异质结构: RNR和NRN. RNR有机嵌段异质结构, 由于其逐渐掺杂的异质结而表现出渐变色的发射和波导特性, 而NRN有机嵌段异质结构由于其明显的构筑异质结界限而表现出纯双色发射和波导特性. 本工作实现了有机嵌段异质结构中嵌段块的有序可控生长, 为未来光子学发展提供了制备合理复杂有机嵌段异质结构的途径.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52173177, 21971185, and 52203234), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221362), the Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province (TJ-2022-002), and Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Post-doctoral Talent (2023ZB580). Furthermore, this work was supported by Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University (KJS2156), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, the 111 Project, Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon Based Functional Materials and Devices, and Soochow University Tang Scholar. The authors acknowledge the Shiyanjia Lab (www.shiyanjia.com) for single crystal data analysis.
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Author contributions Zhao S proposed the idea and wrote the paper under the guidance from Wang XD and Liao LS; Zhao S, Xu CF, Yu Y, Xia XY, and Wang L performed the experiments; all authors contributed to the general discussion.
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Supplementary information Experimental details and supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.
Shuai Zhao received his PhD degree from the University of Tsukuba in 2022. Now, he is working as a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University. His current research interest is about organic low-dimensional multiblock heterostructures and their optoelectronic applications.
Xue-Dong Wang is a full professor at FUNSOM, Soochow University. He received his Bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Lanzhou University in 2011 and his PhD in physical chemistry from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) in 2016. His research focuses on the fine synthesis of organic micro/nanocrystals and the organic photonics including organic solid-state lasers and optical waveguides.
Liang-Sheng Liao received his Bachelor degree in physics from Nanchang University in 1982. He received his Master’s degree and Doctor’s degree in physics from Nanjing University in 1988 and 1996, respectively. Now, he is a full professor at FUNSOM, Soochow University. His current research focuses on organic fluorescent materials and devices, and organic micro-nano crystalline photonics materials and devices.
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Regulating Dynamic Growth Pathway for Constructing Organic Heterostructures of Interchangeable Microblocks and Adjustable Optical Output
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Zhao, S., Xu, CF., Yu, Y. et al. Regulating dynamic growth pathway for constructing organic heterostructures of interchangeable microblocks and adjustable optical output. Sci. China Mater. 67, 2153–2160 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-024-2890-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-024-2890-1