Abstract
Lithium metal anode possesses a high theoretical capacity and the lowest redox potential, while the severe growth of Li dendrite prevents its practical application. Herein, we prepared a structure of Li3P nanosheets and Ni nanoparticles decorated on Ni foam (NF) as a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for dendrite-free Li metal anodes (Li-Li3P/Ni@Ni foam anodes, shortened as L-LPNNF) using a facile melting method. The Li3P nanosheets exhibit excellent Li-ion conductivity as well as superior lithiophilicity, and the 3D nickel scaffold provides sufficient electron conductivity and ensures structure stability. Therefore, symmetric cells assembled by L-LPNNF possess lowered voltage hysteresis and improved long cycle stability (a voltage hysteresis of 104.2 mV after 500 cycles at a high current density of 20 mA cm−2 with a high capacity of 10 mA h cm−2), compared with the cells assembled with Li foil or Li-NF anodes. Furthermore, the full cells with paired L-LPNNF anodes and commercial LiFePO4 cathodes suggest a specific capacity of 124.6 mA h g−1 and capacity retention of 90.8% after 180 cycles with the Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ∼100% at a current rate of 1 C. This work provides a potentially scalable option for preparing a mixed electronic-ionic conductive and lithiophilic scaffold for dendrite-free Li anodes at high current densities.
摘要
锂金属负极因具有较高的理论容量和最低的氧化还原电位有望 成为下一代电池负极材料, 而严重的锂枝晶生长阻碍了其实际应用. 本 文中, 我们制备了Li3P纳米片和Ni纳米颗粒修饰的泡沫镍结构作为无 枝晶锂金属负极的三维骨架. 其中Li3P纳米片表现出优异的锂离子电 导率和优异的亲锂性, 三维镍骨架可提供足够的电子电导率并确保结 构稳定性. 由该负极组装的对称电池具有低电压滞后和长循环稳定性 (在20 mA cm−2和10 mA h cm−2下电镀/剥离循环500次后的电压滞后为 104.2 mV). 同时, 由该负极和商用LiFePO4正极配对的全电池具有较好 的循环稳定性(180次循环后的比容量为124.6 mA h g−1, 对应容量保持 率为90.8%). 这种方法制备的三维电子离子共导亲锂骨架为高电流密 度下无枝晶锂负极提供了一种潜在的可扩展选择.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51072130, 51502045 and 21905202).
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Si W and Hou F conceived the project. Zhang T designed and engineered the samples; Yin L, Han Y, and Yin Y helped with the characterization. Zhang T wrote the paper with support from Sang Z and Hou F. All authors contributed to the general discussion.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.
Tao Zhang received his BSc degree from the Advanced Ceramics Institute at Tianjin University in 2018 and continued his study as a master’s candidate under the guidance of Associate Professor Feng Hou till 2021. His research interest mainly focuses on the design and preparation of lithium metal anodes.
Zhiyuan Sang received his PhD degree from Tianjin University in 2020. He is now working as a postdoctoral research fellow at Tianjin University. His research interest mainly focuses on electrochemical energy storage and conversion.
Feng Hou received his PhD degree from the Advanced Ceramics Institute at Tianjin University in 2001 and is now an associate professor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University. His research interests focus on electrochemical energy storage and conversion.
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High-capacity, high-rate, and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes based on a 3D mixed electronic-ionic conductive and lithiophilic scaffold
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Zhang, T., Sang, Z., Yin, L. et al. High-capacity, high-rate, and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes based on a 3D mixed electronic-ionic conductive and lithiophilic scaffold. Sci. China Mater. 65, 2989–2996 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2082-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2082-y