Abstract
Highly conductive and stable anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are important components of high-performance anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Here, we report the use of crosslinked poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) AEMs containing quaternary ammonium (QA) and triazolium cations. The crosslinked PAES-triazole-hydroxide membrane (cPAES-TA-OH) had a higher ion exchange capacity (IEC) than that of the non-crosslinked membrane (PAES-TA-OH) owing to the presence of triazolium cations. The IEC values of cPAES-TA-OH and PAES-TA-OH were 1.75 and 1.31 meq/g, respectively. The IEC value affects the water uptake and swelling ratio of a membrane. The water uptake and swelling ratio of cPAES-TA-OH were higher than those of PAES-TA-OH at 30 °C and 80 °C. In addition, hydroxide conductivity and membrane stability were enhanced by crosslinking; the hydroxide conductivity of cPAES-TA-OH was 92.1 mS/cm at 80 °C under 95% RH (in contrast to 86.2 mS/cm for PAES-TA-OH), and its conductivity retention was 67% after treating with 1M NaOH at 80 °C for 24 h (in contrast to 51% for PAES-TA-OH).
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Ran, L. Wu, Y. Ru, M. Hu, L. Din, and T. Xu, Polym. Chem., 6, 5809 (2015).
P. Jannasch and E. A Weiber, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 217, 1108 (2016).
D. Yun, T. Yim, O. J. Kwon, and T.-H. Kim, Macromol. Res., 27, 1050 (2019).
J. R. Varcoe and R. C. Slade, Fuel Cells, 5, 187 (2005).
J. Choi, J.-H. Jang, J. E. Chae, H.-Y. Park, S. Y. Lee, J. H. Jang, J. Y. Kim, D. Henkensmeier, S. J. Yoo, K. Y. Lee, Y.-E. Sung, and H.-J. Kim, Macromol. Res., 28, 275 (2020).
W. Liu, L. Liu, J. Liao, L. Wang, and N. Li, J. Membr. Sci., 536, 133 (2017).
K. H. Lee, D. H. Cho, Y. M. Kim, S. J. Moon, J. G. Seong, D. W. Shin, J.-Y. Sohn, J. F. Kim, and Y. M. Lee, Energy Environ. Sci., 10, 275 (2017).
M. E. Tuckerman, D. Marx, and M. Parrinello, Nature, 417, 925 (2002).
S. Noh, J. Y. Jeon, S. Adhikari, Y. S. Kim, and C. Bae, Acc. Chem. Res., 52, 2745 (2019).
Q. Ge, J. Ran, J. Miao, Z. Yang, and T. Xu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 28545 (2015).
N. Li, M. D. Guiver, and W. H. Binder, ChemSusChem, 6, 1376 (2013).
L. Liu, S. He, S. Zhang, M. Zhang, M. D. Guiver, and N. Li, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 4651 (2016).
M.-K. Ahn, B. Lee, J. Jang, C.-M. Min, S.-B. Lee, C. Pak, and J.-S. Lee, J. Membr. Sci., 560, 58 (2018).
L. Zeng and T. Zhao, J. Power Sources, 303, 354 (2016).
S.-B. Lee, C.-M. Min, J. Jang, and J.-S. Lee, Polymer, 192, 122331 (2020).
J. Han, L. Zhu, J. Pan, T. J. Zimudzi, Y. Wang, Y. Peng, M. A. Hickner, and L. Zhuang, Macromolecules, 50, 3323 (2017).
J. Jang, D.-H. Kim, M.-K. Ahn, C.-M. Min, S.-B. Lee, J. Byun, C. Pak, and J.-S. Lee, J. Membr. Sci., 595, 117508 (2020).
H. Hu, T. Dong, Y. Sui, N. Li, M. Ueda, L. Wang, and X. Zhang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 3560 (2018).
W. Ma, C. Zhao, J. Yang, J. Ni, S. Wang, N. Zhang, H. Lin, J. Wang, G. Zhang, Q. Li, and H. Na, Energy Environ. Sci., 5, 7617 (2012).
N. Chen, C. Long, Y. Li, C. Lu, and H. Zhu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 15720 (2018).
J. Wang, G. He, X. Wu, X. Yan, Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, and L. Du, J. Membr. Sci., 459, 86 (2014).
M. Teresa Pérez-Prior, N. Ureña, M. Tannenberg, C. del Río, and B. Levenfeld, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 55, 1326 (2017).
E. A. Weiber, D. Meis, and P. Jannasch, Polym. Chem., 6, 1986 (2015).
F. Zapata, L. Gonzalez, A. Caballero, I. Alkorta, J. Elguero, and P. Molina, Chem. Eur. J., 21, 9797 (2015).
L. Zhu, T. J. Zimudzi, N. Li, J. Pan, B. Lin, and M. Hickner, Polym. Chem., 7, 2464 (2016).
Y. Li, T. Zhao, and W. Yang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 5656 (2010).
E. N. Hu, C. X. Lin, F. H. Liu, Q. Yang, L. Li, Q. G. Zhang, A. M. Zhu, and Q. L. Liu, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 1, 3479 (2018).
C. Macomber, J. Boncella, B. Pivovar, and J. Rau, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 93, 225 (2008).
B. R. Einsla, S. Chempath, L. Pratt, J. Boncella, J. Rau, C. Macomber, and B. Pivovar, ECS Trans., 11, 1173 (2007).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the National Strategic Project - Fine Particle of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT), Ministry of Environment (ME), and Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) (2017M3D8A1091937).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jang, J., Ahn, MK., Lee, SB. et al. Conductive and Stable Crosslinked Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Poly(arylene ether sulfone). Macromol. Res. 29, 157–163 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-021-9023-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-021-9023-6