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Spatiotemporal Analysis and Trend Detection of Groundwater Levels Using Gis Techniques in Nadia District of West Bengal, India

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Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

Groundwater (GW) resources are influenced by several factors like over exploitation, geological formation, climate etc. A long-term GW level trend detection is necessary for sustainable groundwater usage planning in future. In the present study, long-term (1990–2013) spatio-temporal analysis of GW levels during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon was done to elucidate the GW level variation trends in Nadia. Results show that the groundwater levels dropped more than 2.5 m below ground level (bgl) in the central part of the district, however, this drop was less than 2.5 m (bgl) in the northern and southern part of the district. According to pre- and post-monsoon data, the average annual water level decreased beyond 3 m (bgl) in blocks of Tehatta II, Chapra and Chakdah. Average GW level at Krishnaganj and Chakdah, in pre-monsoon were 6.84 m (bgl) and 7.55 m (bgl) respectively, which was higher than the post-monsoon (4.20 m (bgl) and 4.43 m (bgl)). During post-monsoon except Karimpur-I, Krisnaganj (both negative trend) and Hashkali (no trend) and in pre-monsoon except Krisnaganj (negative trend) and Hashkali (no trend), all the other blocks had positive trend. The study reveals that the groundwater levels in the southeastern and northeastern regions of the district drops by more than 5 m bgl in pre-monsoon and more than 4 m bgl in post-monsoon. Such fluctuations of groundwater levels may have serious bearing on agricultural operations in this intensively cultivated and irrigated area.

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Acknowledgement

Authors are grateful to State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID)-Kolkata, Govt of West Bengal for providing block wise GW level data of Nadia district.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741 252, India

    Aniket Baishya, Alivia Chowdhury & Rahul Chakrabarty

  2. Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741 252, India

    Sudip Sengupta & Anupam Das

  3. Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, India

    Ambarnil Panda & Uday Pratap Singh Bhadoriya

  4. Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400 076, India

    Dipankar Mandal

  5. School of Agricultural Sciences, Sister Nivedita University, Newtown, 700 156, India

    Aniket Baishya

  6. School of Agriculture, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, 700 121, India

    Sudip Sengupta

  7. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, 813 210, India

    Anupam Das

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  1. Aniket Baishya
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  2. Alivia Chowdhury
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Baishya, A., Chowdhury, A., Chakrabarty, R. et al. Spatiotemporal Analysis and Trend Detection of Groundwater Levels Using Gis Techniques in Nadia District of West Bengal, India. J Geol Soc India 99, 868–874 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-023-2394-x

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