Abstract
Although the amount of petroleum residues produced from oil refinery processes has increased, there has been limited research for the residues. In this work, we developed petroleum residue-activated carbon (PAC) by chemical modification with citric acid as a novel adsorbent The optimal concentration of citric acid for PAC was chosen as the 6 M (named PAC-CA6) and the adsorption behavior of Co(II) was investigated. The experimental data were analyzed using various isotherm and kinetic models. The maximum adsorption capacity of 12.50 mg/g was determined using the Langmuir model. The pseudo-second-order model was found to be the most suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics. PAC-CA6 was characterized by using various instrumental analyses including FE-SEM, FTIR, and XPS. The Boehm titration method indicated the presence of multiple oxygen groups in PAC-CA6. Conclusively, the mechanism of Co(II) adsorption onto PAC-CA6 involved electrostatic interactions between Co(II) ions and carboxylic groups present on the surface of PAC-CA6. From the result, the PAC-CA6 could be sufficiently used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of cobalt from aqueous solutions.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program (20012763, development of petroleum residue-based porous adsorbent for industrial wastewater) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE, Korea).
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Choi, JS., Jeon, C. & Choi, S.S. Surface modification of petroleum residue-activated carbon using citric acid for enhanced cobalt removal from an aqueous solution. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 2199–2208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-023-1470-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-023-1470-7