Abstract
Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) are recently recognized as an attractive solution for H2 storage and transportation. Among several challenging tasks for practical application, the most stringent limitations stem from the dehydrogenation reaction requiring high temperatures thermodynamically. Unlike previous reviews focusing on the LOHC concept, LOHC molecules, and process integration, this review highlights the state-of-the-art catalysts reported for the dehydrogenation of homocyclic and heterocyclic LOHC molecules. In the conversion of heterocyclic LOHC, Pd-based catalysts overnumbered Pt-based ones owing to preferential adsorption of heteroatoms onto the Pd surface. However, because of low stability of C-heteroatom bonds, catalyst development needs to concentrate on inhibiting the generation of byproducts while maintaining superior performance under mild conditions. In the case of homocyclic LOHC, Pt is overwhelmed in single metal and bimetallic catalysts owing to pronounced C-H bond cleavage. Nevertheless, the ability of Pt in C-C bond cleavage should be diminished for higher H2 selectivity, better catalyst stability, and steady LOHC recyclability, which is possible by tuning electronic and geometric effects of main active metals, as well as adding metal promoters. Consequently, great efforts will be diversely devoted to achieving an active and stable dehydrogenation catalyst for future LOHC demonstration.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
R. York, Nat. Clim. Change, 2, 441 (2012).
D.-H. Lee and C.-P. Hung, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 37, 15753 (2012).
M. G. Schultz, T. Diehl, G. P. Brasseur and W. Zittel, Science, 302, 624 (2003).
D. Teichmann, W. Arlt, P. Wasserscheid and R. Freymann, Energy Environ. Sci., 4, 2767 (2011).
G. W. Crabtree, M. S. Dresselhaus and M. V. Buchanan, Phys. Today, 57, 39 (2004).
J. Kaldellis, D. Zafirakis and K. Kavadias, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 13, 378 (2009).
I. Jain, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 34, 7368 (2009).
M. Reuß, T. Grube, M. Robinius, P. Preuster, P. Wasserscheid and D. Stolten, Appl. Energy, 200, 290 (2017).
J. Yang, A. Sudik, C. Wolverton and D. J. Siegel, Chem. Soc. Rev., 39, 656 (2010).
H. Wang, X. Zhou and M. Ouyang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 41, 18062 (2016).
E. Y. Marrero-Alfonso, A. M. Beaird, T. A. Davis and M. A. Matthews, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 48, 3703 (2009).
J. Ren, N. M. Musyoka, H. W. Langmi, M. Mathe and S. Liao, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 42, 289 (2017).
M. Niermann, A. Beckendorff, M. Kaltschmitt and K. Bonhoff, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 44, 6631 (2019).
T. Schildhauer, E. Newson and S. Müller, J. Catal., 198, 355 (2001).
K. Müller, K. Stark, V. N. Emel’yanenko, M. A. Varfolomeev, D. H. Zaitsau, E. Shoifet, C. Schick, S. P. Verevkin and W. Arlt, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 54, 7967 (2015).
K. M. Eblagon and S. E. Tsang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 163, 599 (2015).
R. K. Ahluwalia T. Q. Hua and J. K. Peng, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 37, 2891 (2012).
F. Sotoodeh, B. J. M. Huber and K. J. Smith, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 419–420, 67 (2012).
G. E. Dobereiner, A. Nova, N. D. Schley, N. Hazari, S. J. Miller, O. Eisenstein and R. H. Crabtree, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 7547 (2011).
R. H. Crabtree, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 5, 4491 (2017).
K. Müller, J. Völkl and W. Arlt, Energy Technol., 1, 20 (2013).
K. M. Eblagon, D. Rentsch, O. Friedrichs, A. Remhof, A. Zuettel, A. Ramirez-Cuesta and S. C. Tsang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 11609 (2010).
K. M. Eblagon, K. Tam, K. K. Yu, S.-L. Zhao, X.-Q. Gong, H. He, L. Ye, L.-C. Wang, A. J. Ramirez-Cuesta and S. C. Tsang, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 9720 (2010).
K. Stark, P. Keil, S. Schug, K. Müller, P. Wasserscheid and W. Arlt, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 61, 1441 (2016).
N. Heublein, M. Stelzner and T. Sattelmayer, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 45, 24902 (2020).
M. Geißelbrecht, S. Mrusek, K. Müller, P. Preuster, A. Bösmann and P. Wasserscheid, Energy Environ. Sci., 13, 3119 (2020).
J. Oh, K. Jeong, T. W. Kim, H. Kwon, J. W. Han, J. H. Park and Y.-W. Suh, ChemSusChem., 11, 661 (2018).
B. Wang, Y.-T. Chen, T.-Y. Chang, Z. Jiang, Z.-Q. Huang, S.-Y. Wang, C.-R. Chang, Y.-S. Chen, J.-J. Wei, S. Yang and T. Fang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 266, 118658 (2020).
E. Gianotti, M. Taillades-Jacquin, J. Rozière and D. J. Jones, ACS Catal., 8, 4660 (2018).
P. T. Aakko-Saksa, C. Cook, J. Kiviaho and T. Repo, J. Power Sources, 396, 803 (2018).
L. Zhou, L. Sun, L. Xu, C. Wan, Y. An and M. Ye, Catalysts, 10, 648 (2020).
P. C. Rao and M. Yoon, Energies, 13, 6040 (2020).
H. Yook, K. Kim, J. H. Park, Y.-W. Suh and J. W. Han, Catal. Today, 352, 345 (2020).
K. Kim, J. Oh, T. W. Kim, J. H. Park, J. W. Han and Y.-W. Suh, Catal. Sci. Technol., 7, 3728 (2017).
M. Niermann, S. Drünert, M. Kaltschmitt and K. Bonhoff, Energy Environ. Sci., 12, 290 (2019).
P. D. Vaidya and A. E. Rodrigues, Chem. Eng. Tech., 32, 1463 (2009).
S. N. Delgado, D. Yap, L. Vivier and C. Especel, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 367, 89 (2013).
N. Jiang, K. R. Rao, M.-J. Jin and S.-E. Park, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 425, 62 (2012).
S. Hodoshima, H. Arai and Y. Saito, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 28, 197 (2003).
S. Hodoshima, H. Arai, S. Takaiwa and Y. Saito, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 28, 1255 (2003).
C. Shinohara, S. Kawakami, T. Moriga, H. Hayashi, S. Hodoshima, Y. Saito and S. Sugiyama, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 266, 251 (2004).
S. Hodoshima, S. Takaiwa, A. Shono, K. Satoh and Y. Saito, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 283, 235 (2005).
X. Li, Y. Tuo, P. Li, X. Duan, H. Jiang and X. Zhou, Carbon, 67, 775 (2014).
G. Lee, J. Y. Kang, Y. Jeong and J. C. Jung, Korean J. Mater. Res., 25, 191 (2015).
C. Zhang, X. Liang and S. Liu, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 36, 8902 (2011).
P. Li, Y.-L. Huang, D. Chen, J. Zhu, T.-J. Zhao and X.-G. Zhou, Catal. Commun., 10, 815 (2009).
Q. Zhou, P. Li, X. Wang, X. Zhou, D. Yang and D. Chen, Mat. Chem. Phys., 126, 41 (2011).
Y. Tuo, H. Jiang, X. Li, L. Shi, X. Yu and P. Li, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 41, 10755 (2016).
G. Lee, Y. Jeong, B.-G. Kim, J. S. Han, H. Jeong, H. B. Na and J. C. Jung, Catal. Commun., 67, 40 (2015).
M. Lazaro, E. Garcia-Bordeje, D. Sebastian, M. Lazaro and R. Moliner, Catal. Today, 138, 203 (2008).
D. Sebastián, E. Bordejé, L. Calvillo, M. Lázaro and R. Moliner, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 33, 1329 (2008).
K. Nakagawa, T. Okayama, Y. Tanimoto, K.-I. Sotowa, S. Sugiyama, T. Moriga, S. Takenaka and M. Kishida, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 419, 13 (2012).
X. Wang, N. Li, J. A. Webb, L. D. Pfefferle and G. L. Haller, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 101, 21 (2010).
Y. Tuo, X. Liu, L. Shi, L. Yang, P. Li and W. Yuan, Catal. Today, 347, 87 (2020).
Y. Tuo, L. Yang, X. Ma, Z. Ma, S. Gong and P. Li, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 46, 930 (2021).
J. Wang, H. Liu, S. Fan, W. Li, Z. Li, H. Yun, X. Xu, A. Guo and Z. Wang, Energy Fuels, 34, 16542 (2020).
X. Sha, M. T. Knippenberg, A. C. Cooper, G. P. Pez and H. Cheng, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 17465 (2008).
J. C. Araújo, L. F. Oton, A. C. Oliveira, R. Lang, L. Otubo and J. M. Bueno, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 44, 27329 (2019).
J. Yu, Q. Ge, W. Fang and H. Xu, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 395, 114 (2011).
J. Yu, Q. Ge, W. Fang and H. Xu, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 36, 11536 (2011).
F. Auer, D. Blaumeiser, T. Bauer, A. Bösmann, N. Szesni, J. Libuda and P. Wasserscheid, Catal. Sci. Technol., 9, 3537 (2019).
F. Auer, A. Hupfer, A. Bösmann, N. Szesni and P. Wasserscheidpeter, Catal. Sci. Technol., 10, 6669 (2020).
L. Shi, Y. Zhou, S. Qi, K. J. Smith, X. Tan, J. Yan and C. Yi, ACS Catal., 10, 10661 (2020).
X. Yang, Y. Song, T. Cao, L. Wang, H. Song and W. Lin, Mol. Catal., 492, 110971 (2020).
S. Nagatake, T. Higo, S. Ogo, Y. Sugiura, R. Watanabe, C. Fukuhara and Y. Sekine, Catal. Lett., 146, 54 (2016).
Y. Sugiura, T. Nagatsuka, K. Kubo, Y. Hirano, A. Nakamura, K. Miyazawa, Y. Iizuka, S. Furuta, H. Iki and T. Higo, Chem. Lett., 46, 1601 (2017).
M. Kosaka, T. Higo, S. Ogo, J. G. Seo, S. Kado, K.-i. Imagawa and Y. Sekine, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 45, 738 (2020).
K. Takise, A. Sato, K. Murakami, S. Ogo, J. G. Seo, K.-i. Imagawa, S. Kado and Y. Sekine, RSC Adv., 9, 5918 (2019).
M. Bonne, P. Samoila, T. Ekou, C. Especel, F. Epron, P. Marécot, S. Royer and D. Duprez, Catal. Commun., 12, 86 (2010).
A. Chen, W. Zhang, X. Li, D. Tan, X. Han and X. Bao, Catal. Lett., 119, 159 (2007).
C. Xiao, R. V. Maligal-Ganesh, T. Li, Z. Qi, Z. Guo, K. T. Brashler, S. Goes, X. Li, T. W. Goh and R. E. Winans, ChemSusChem., 6, 1915 (2013).
S. Lee, J. Lee, T. Kim, G. Han, J. Lee, K. Lee and J. Bae, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 46, 5520 (2021).
A. A. Shukla, P. V. Gosavi, J. V. Pande, V. P. Kumar, K. V. Chary and R. B. Biniwale, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 4020 (2010).
A. Shukla, J. V. Pande and R. B. Biniwale, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 37, 3350 (2012).
X. Gong, Z. Jiang and T. Fang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 45, 6838 (2020).
T. N. Phan, Y.-K. Park, I.-G. Lee and C. H. Ko, Appl. Catal. AGen., 544, 84 (2017).
W. Peters, A. Seidel, S. Herzog, A. Bösmann, W. Schwieger and P. Wasserscheid, Energy Environ. Sci., 8, 3013 (2015).
D. Dean, B. Davis and P. G. Jessop, New J. Chem., 35, 417 (2011).
M. Yang, Y. Dong, S. Fei, H. Ke and H. Cheng, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 39, 18976 (2014).
F. Sotoodeh and K. J. Smith, J. Catal., 279, 36 (2011).
F. Sotoodeh, B. J. Huber and K. J. Smith, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 37, 2715 (2012).
B. Wang, T. Yan, T. Chang, J. Wei, Q. Zhou, S. Yang and T. Fang, Carbon, 122, 9 (2017).
Z. Feng, X. Chen and X. Bai, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 27, 36172 (2020).
T. Hara, K. Mori, T. Mizugaki, K. Ebitani and K. Kaneda, Tetrahedron Letters, 44, 6207 (2003).
S. Sugiyama, T. Minami, H. Hayashi, M. Tanaka, N. Shigemoto and J. B. Moffat, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 92, 293 (1996).
P. Nikulshin, V. Salnikov, A. Mozhaev, P. Minaev, V. Kogan and A. Pimerzin, J. Catal., 309, 386 (2014).
J. Oh, T. W. Kim, K. Jeong, J. H. Park and Y.-W. Suh, ChemCatChem, 10, 3892 (2018).
J. Oh, H. B. Bathula, J. H. Park and Y.-W. Suh, Commun. Chem., 2, 68 (2019).
H. B. Bathula, J. Oh, Y. Jo and Y.-W. Suh, Catalysts, 9, 719 (2019).
S. Yoon, K. Oh, F. Liu, J. H. Seo, G. A. Somorjai, J. H. Lee and K. An, ACS Catal., 8, 5391 (2018).
F. Sotoodeh, L. Zhao and K. J. Smith, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 362, 155 (2009).
E. A. Monyoncho, S. Ntais, N. Brazeau, J. J. Wu, C. L. Sun and E. A. Baranova, ChemElectroChem, 3, 218 (2016).
W.-J. Shen, M. Okumura, Y. Matsumura and M. Haruta, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 213, 225 (2001).
Y. Kim, Y. Song, Y. Choi, K. Jeong, J. H. Park, K. C. Ko and K. Na, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 9, 809 (2021).
W. Ninomiya, Y. Tanabe, K.-I. Sotowa, T. Yasukawa and S. Sugiyama, Res. Chem. Intermed., 34, 663 (2008).
R. Schuster, F. Waidhas, M. Bertram, H. Runge, S. Geile, R. Shayduk, M. Abuín, V. Vonk, H. Noei, Y. Lykhach, F. Bertram, A. Stierle and J. Libuda, Catal. Lett., 148, 2901 (2018).
D. K. Cromwell, P. T. Vasudevan, B. Pawelec and J. L. G. Fierro, Catal. Today, 259, 119 (2016).
K. Choojun, A. Worathanaseth, S. Kuhatasanadeekul, T. Kurato, S. Ketaniruj, P. Phichitsurathaworn, P. Promchana, K. Prakobtham, N. Numwong and Y. Poo-arporn, Catal. Commun., 125, 108 (2019).
Z. Xia, H. Liu, H. Lu, Z. Zhang and Y. Chen, Catal. Lett., 147, 1295 (2017).
N. Boufaden, R. Akkari, B. Pawelec, J. Fierro, M. S. Zina and A. Ghorbel, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 502, 329 (2015).
X. Li, D. Ma, L. Chen and X. Bao, Catal. Lett., 116, 63 (2007).
H. Wang, N. Zhang, R. Liu, R. Zhao, T. Guo, J. Li, T. Asefa and J. Du, ACS Omega, 3, 10773 (2018).
R. Brayner, J. Rodrigues and G. Cruz, Catal. Today, 57, 219 (2000).
H. M. Gobara and M. M. Gomaa, Petro. Sci. Tech., 27, 1572 (2009).
S. Yolcular and Ö. Olgun, Catal. Today, 138, 198 (2008).
Y. Yao, Z. Yan, L. Chen, Z. Zhou, L. Liu and D. W. Goodman, Catal. Lett., 142, 1437 (2012).
J. Escobar, J. A. De Los Reyes, T. Viveros and M. C. Barrera, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 5693 (2006).
J. Li, Y. Chai, B. Liu, Y. Wu, X. Li, Z. Tang, Y. Liu and C. Liu, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 469, 434 (2014).
L. Zhang, G. Xu, Y. An, C. Chen and Q. Wang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 31, 2250 (2006).
Z. Kou, Z. Zhi, G. Xu, Y. An and C. He, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 467, 196 (2013).
L. I. Ali, A.-G. A. Ali, S. Aboul-Fotouh and A. K. Aboul-Gheit, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 177, 99 (1999).
N. Kariya, A. Fukuoka, T. Utagawa, M. Sakuramoto, Y. Goto and M. Ichikawa, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 247, 247 (2003).
W. J. Doolittle, N. D. Skoularikis and R. W. Coughlin, J. Catal., 107, 490 (1987).
J. K. Hoyano and W. A. Graham, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 104, 3722 (1982).
N. Kariya, A. Fukuoka and M. Ichikawa, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 233, 91 (2002).
P. Biloen, J. Helle, H. Verbeek, F. Dautzenberg and W. Sachtler, J. Catal., 63, 112 (1980).
L. Jossens and E. Petersen, J. Catal., 76, 265 (1982).
K. Jothimurugesan, S. Bhatia and R. D. Srivastava, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 24, 433 (1985).
F. Alhumaidan, D. Cresswell and A. Garforth, Energy Fuels, 25, 4217 (2011).
. C. Román-Martínez, J. A. Macia-Agullo, I. M. J. Vilella, D. Cazorla-Amorós and H. Yamashita, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 4710 (2007).
N.-l. Wang, J.-e. Qiu, Z.-w. Wu, J. Wu, K.-y. You and H.-a. Luo, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 503, 62 (2015).
N. Wang, J. Wu, X. Yuan, K. You and H. a. Luo, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 516, 9 (2016).
F. Alhumaidan, D. Tsakiris, D. Cresswell and A. Garforth, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, 14010 (2013).
N. Boufaden, R. Akkari, B. Pawelec, J. Fierro, M. S. Zina and A. Ghorbel, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 420, 96 (2016).
J. Yan, W. Wang, L. Miao, K. Wu, G. Chen, Y. Huang and Y. Yang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 43, 9343 (2018).
P. Tétényi and V. Galsán, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 229, 181 (2002).
F. Wang, Y. Q. Yang and W. Y. Wang, Adv. Mat. Res., 881, 315 (2014).
C. Mi, Y. Huang, F. Chen, K. Wu, W. Wang and Y. Yang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 46, 875 (2021).
N. Galimova, Z. Pskhu, A. Naumkin, I. Volkov, T. Yagodovskaya, E. Platonov and V. Yagodovskii, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. A, 84, 1908 (2010).
S. C. Feng, H. Y. Ma and P. P. Hao, J. Mol. Model., 26, 89 (2020).
J. Y. Kang, G. Lee Y. Jeong, H. B. Na and J. C. Jung, Korean J. Mater. Res., 26, 17 (2016).
A. Nakano, S. Manabe, T. Higo, H. Seki, S. Nagatake, T. Yabe, S. Ogo, T. Nagatsuka, Y. Sugiura and H. Iki, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 543, 75 (2017).
S. Manabe, T. Yabe, A. Nakano, S. Nagatake, T. Higo, S. Ogo, H. Nakai and Y. Sekine, Chem. Phys. Lett., 711, 73 (2018).
D. Forberg, T. Schwob, M. Zaheer, M. Friedrich, N. Miyajima and R. Kempe, Nat. Commun., 7, 13201 (2016).
B. Wang, T.-y. Chang, X. Gong, Z. Jiang, S. Yang, Y.-s. Chen and T. Fang, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 7, 1760 (2019).
G. Lafaye, C. Micheaud-Especel, C. Montassier and P. Marecot, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 230, 19 (2002).
J. V. Pande, A. B. Bindwal, Y. B. Pakade and R. B. Biniwale, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 43, 7411 (2018).
S. Hodoshima, H. Nagata and Y. Saito, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 292, 90 (2005).
A. H. Al-ShaikhAli, A. Jedidi, L. Cavallo and K. Takanabe, Chem. Commun., 51, 12931 (2015).
A. H. Al-ShaikhAli, A. Jedidi, D. H. Anjum, L. Cavallo and K. Takanabe, ACS Catal., 7, 1592 (2017).
A. Onda, T. Komatsu and T. Yashima, J. Catal., 221, 378 (2004).
S. Qi, J. Yue, Y. Li, J. Huang, C. Yi and B. Yang, Catal. Lett., 144, 1443 (2014).
Z. Xia, H. Lu, H. Liu, Z. Zhang and Y. Chen, Catal. Commun., 90, 39 (2017).
S. P. Patil, J. V. Pande and R. B. Biniwale, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, 15233 (2013).
M. Wojciechowska, I. Tomska-Foralewska, W. Przystajko and M. Zieliński, Catal. Lett., 104, 121 (2005).
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea (NRF-2019M3E6A1064908), and by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea (NRF-2016R1A6A1 A03013422).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Young-Woong Suh obtained B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering from Hanyang University, Korea, in 1997, and received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Chemical Engineering from Seoul National University, Korea, in 1999 and 2003, respectively. From 2003 to 2006, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Northwestern University. He worked as a senior research scientist at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology until 2011. Then, he joined Hanyang University in 2011 and is currently a full professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering. He has published over 120 manuscripts in SCI journals, and 30 international and domestic patents. His research interests are in the area of heterogeneous catalysis including biomass conversion, chemical hydrogen storage, environmentally-friendly catalytic processing.
Joon Hyun Baik obtained B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering from Hanyang University, Korea, in 2001. He received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Chemical Engineering from Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Korea, in 2003 and 2007, respectively. From 2007 to 2009, he was a postdoctoral fellow at MIT and Pennsylvania State University. He worked at Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) as senior researcher for 11 years from 2009 to 2020. He is currently an assistant professor in Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering of Sookmyung Women’s University. He has 37 papers and 38 patents regarding environmental catalysis, CO2 utilization, and catalytic hydrogenation technologies.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jo, Y., Oh, J., Kim, D. et al. Recent progress in dehydrogenation catalysts for heterocyclic and homocyclic liquid organic hydrogen carriers. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 20–37 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0947-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0947-5