Abstract
Spectroscopic, microscopic and size dependent antibacterial efficiency of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by green approach were studied. Five different samples of Ag NPs having average sizes in the range of ∼14 to ∼21 nm were synthesized using Psidium guajava (Guava) leaf extract (0.25 ml, 0.5 ml, 1 ml, 2 ml, 4 ml, respectively) in 50 ml aqueous AgNO3 solution of molar concentration of 1 mM. The sizes of the NPs were found to increase with increase in concentration of leaf extract. Such increase in NP size is mainly due to the increase in biomolecules, in the solution, that transforms the Ag ions to Ag NPs. Spectroscopic and microscopic properties of as-synthesized Ag NPs were obtained by characterizing the prepared samples using suitable and affordable methodologies. These Ag NPs showed significant size dependent antibacterial effect. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum lethal concentration of the sample showing highest zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was determined as 40 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml, respectively. Percentage of survivability was also measured through viable plate count. The smallest Ag NPs (average size ∼14 nm) considered here produced the best antibacterial activity against the tested E. coli compared to Ag NPs having larger sizes at identical bacterial concentration. The enhanced antibacterial efficiency for smaller Ag NPs is mainly due to larger surface area-to-volume ratio of smaller NPs. The probable mechanism of bio-reduction of silver ions and formation of Ag NPs has also been well explained, which justifies the result obtained in this work.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
S. Prabhu and E. K. Poulose, Int. Nano Lett., 2, 32 (2012).
S. Ghosh, S. Patil, M. Ahire, R. Kitture, S. Kale, K. Pardesi, S. S. Cameotra, J. Bellare, D. D. Dhavale, A. Jabgunde and B. A. Chopade, Int. J. Nanomedicine, 7, 483 (2012).
H. H. Lara, E. N. Garza-Trevino, L. Ixtepan-Turrent and D. K. Singh, J Nanobiotechnology, 9, 30 (2011).
M. Rai, A. Yadav and A. Gade, Biotechnol. Adv., 27, 76 (2009).
H. J. Klasen, Burns, 26, 17 (2000).
I. Sondi and B. Salopek-Sondi, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 275, 177 (2004).
H. H. Lara, N. V. Ayala-Nunez, L. Ixtepan-Turrent and C. Rodriguez-Padilla, J. Nanobiotechnology, 8, 1 (2010).
M. C. Daniel and D. Astruc, Chem. Rev., 104, 293 (2004).
S. Lee, E. J. Cha, K. Park, S. Y. Lee, J. K. Hong, I. C. Sun, S. Kim, K. Choi, I. C. Kwon, K. Kim and C. H. Ahn, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 47, 2804 (2008).
A. H. A. Kelkawi, A. A. Kajani and A. K Bordbar, IET Nanobiotechnol., 11, 370 (2017)
Z. Muhammad, A. Raza, S. Ghafoor, A. Naeem, S. S. Naz, S. Riaz, W. Ahmed and N. F. Rana, Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 91, 251 (2016).
S. Agnihotri, S. Mukherji and S. Mukherji, RSC Adv., 4, 3974 (2014).
R. Dobrucka and J. Długaszewska, Indian J. Microbiol., 55, 168 (2015).
Y. Jeong, D. W. Lim and J. Choi, Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2014, 763807 (2014).
K. Vasilev, Coatings, 9, 654 (2019).
M. Casolaro, I. Casolaro, J. Akimoto, M. Ueda, M. Ueki and Y. Ito, Gels, 4, 42 (2018).
O. Kvitek, E. Mutylo, B. Vokata, P. Ulbrich, D. Fajstavr, A. Reznickova and V. Svorcik, Coatings, 10, 1046 (2020).
L. Petrova, O. Kozlova, E. Vladimirtseva, S. Smirnova, A. Lipina and O. Odintsova, Coatings, 11, 159 (2021).
S. Mahmud, M. Z. Sultana, M. N. Pervez, M. A. Habib and H. H. Liu, Fibers, 5, 35 (2017).
S. Mukherji, S. Bharti, G. Shukla and S. Mukherji, Phys. Sci. Rev., 4, 20170082 (2018).
A. Shahzad, W. S. Kim and T. Yu, RSC Adv., 5, 28652 (2015).
A. Shahzad, M. Chung, T. Yu and W. S. Kim, Chem. Asian J., 10, 2512 (2015).
H. J. Han, T. Yu, W. S. Kim and S. H. Im, J. Cryst. Growth, 469, 46 (2017).
F. Hussain, S. M. Shaban, J. Kim and D. H. Kim, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 988 (2019).
K. Seku, B. R. Gangapuram, B. Pejjai, K. K. Kadimpati and N. Golla, J. Nanostruct. Chem., 8, 179 (2018).
M. R. Khodadadi, M. E. Olya and A. Naeimi, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33, 2018 (2016).
P. K Kuiri and D. P. Mahapatra, Adv. Sci. Eng., 6, 290 (2012).
P. K Kuiri, J. Appl. Phys., 108, 054301 (2010).
P. Raveendran, J. Fu and S. L. Wallen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 13940 (2003).
P. Roy, B. Das, A. Mohanty and S. Mohapatra, Appl. Nanosci., 7, 843 (2017).
J. M. Wiley, L. M. Sherwood and C. J. Woolverton, Prescott’s microbiology, 9th Ed., McGraw Hill International (2013).
T. Ghosh, A. Chottopadhyay, A. C. Mandal, S. Pramanik and P. K. Kuiri, Chin. J. Phys., 68, 835 (2020).
M. Goudarzi, N. Mir, M. Mousavi-Kamazani, S. Bagheri and M. Salavati-Niasari, Sci. Rep., 6, 32539 (2016).
J. Siddhant and M. S. Mehata, Sci. Rep., 7, 15867 (2017).
A. L. Patterson, Phys. Rev., 56, 978 (1939).
S. Pramanik, T. Ghosh, M. Ghosh, S. C. De and P. K. Kuiri, Adv. Sci. Eng. Med., 9, 414 (2017).
S. Mukherjee, S. Pramanik, S. Das, S. Chakraborty, R. Nath and P. K. Kuiri, J. Alloys Compd., 814, 152015 (2020).
H. C. Ong, A. X. E. Zhu and G. T. Du, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80, 941 (2002).
M. C. G. Toro, J. P. Schlegel and C. H. C. Giraldo, Chemistry Select, 3, 8936 (2018).
W. I. A. Fattah, A. S. M. Sallam, N. A. Attawa, E. Salama, A. M. Maghraby and G. W. Ali, Mater. Res. Express., 1, 035024 (2014).
A. Verma and M. S. Mehata, J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sc., 9, 109 (2016).
P. K. Kuiri and S. Pramanik, J. Appl. Phys., 123, 154302 (2018).
Z. Parang, A. Keshavarz, S. Farahi, S. M. Elahi, M. Ghoranneviss and S. Parhoodeh, Scientia Iranica, 19, 843 (2012).
S. Pramanik, S. Mondal, A. C. Mandal, S. Mukherjee, S. Das, T. Ghosh, R. Nath, M. Ghosh and P. K. Kuiri, J. Alloys Compd., 849, 156684 (2020).
P. R. Sougandhi, M. Reddeppa, S. S. Harini, T. S. Rani and R. Gangadhara, J. of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 8, 301 (2018).
S. Hemadi and S. A. Shojaosadati, Polyhedron, 171, 172 (2019).
A. Jayakumar and R. K. Vedhaiyan, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 1869 (2019).
Y. Qing, L. Cheng R. Li, G. Liu, Y. Zhang, X. Tang, J. Wang, H. Liu and Y. Qin, Int. J. Nanomedicine, 13, 3311 (2018).
J. Virkutyte and R. S. Varma, Sustainable preparation of metal nanoparticles, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (2012).
A. Roy, O. Bulut, S. Some, A. K. Mandal and M. D. Yilmaz, RSC Adv., 9, 2673 (2019).
N. Durán, M. Durán, M. B. de Jesus, A. B. Seabra, W. J. Fávaro and G. Nakazato, Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 12, 789 (2016).
U. K. Parashar, V. Kumar, T. Bera, P. S. Saxena, G. Nath, S. K. Srivastava, R. Giri and A. Srivastava, Nanotechnology, 22, 415104 (2011).
D. Bose and S. Chatterjee, Appl. Nanosci., 6, 895 (2016).
V. V. Makarov, A. J. Love, O. V. Sinitsyna, S. S. Makarova, I. V. Yaminsky, M. E. Taliansky and N. O. Kalinina, Acta Nature, 6, 35 (2014).
N. Ahmad, S. Sharma, M. K. Alam, V. N. Singh, S. F. Shamsi, B. R. Mehta and A. Fatma, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 81, 81 (2010).
P. Trouillas, P. Marsal, D. Siri, R. Lazzaroni and J. L. Duroux, Food Chem., 97, 679 (2006).
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the University Science Instrumentation Centre of the University of Burdwan for extending the SEM, EDS, and TEM facilities.
Funding
No funds or grants were received for the present study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Authors declare that this manuscript is compliance with scientific ethical standards. There are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us.
Additional information
Conflict of Interests
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
Data Availability
The authors declare that all the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghosh, T., Chattopadhyay, A., Mandal, A.C. et al. Spectroscopic, microscopic and antibacterial studies of green synthesized Ag nanoparticles at room temperature using Psidium guajava leaf extract. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 38, 2549–2559 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0918-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0918-x