Abstract
In photocatalysis, photons are absorbed by semiconductor materials and photogenerated electrons and holes migrate to the catalytic surface for desired reactions. Photocatalytic reduction and oxidation of organic molecules pose significant challenges and opportunities, with the surging demand for energy-efficient and carbon-neutral organic synthesis. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in the expanding area of radical-driven photocatalytic transformation of organic molecules. Our focus expands from heterogeneous catalysts to quantum dots, summarizing the reaction mechanism and photocatalytic activity, in reference to conventional molecular catalysts.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
H. K. Akira Fujishima, Nature, 238, 38 (1972).
A. J. Esswein and D. G. Nocera, Chem. Rev., 107, 4022 (2007).
A. Kudo and Y. Miseki, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 253 (2009).
J. D. Holladay, J. Hu, D. L. King and Y. Wang, Catal. Today, 139, 244 (2009).
K. Maeda and K. Domen, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 2655 (2010).
W. D. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. Lee, S. Lee, J. Y. Woo, K. Lee, W. S. Chae, S. Jeong, W. K. Bae, J. A. McGuire, J. H. Moon, M. S. Jeong and D. C. Lee, Chem. Mater., 28, 962 (2016).
K. Lee, C. H. Lee, J. Y. Cheong, S. Lee, I. D. Kim, H. I. Joh and D. C. Lee, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 34, 3214 (2017).
S. Chen, T. Takata and K. Domen, Nat. Rev. Mater., 2, 1 (2017).
T. Takata, J. Jiang, Y. Sakata, M. Nakabayashi, N. Shibata, V. Nandal, K. Seki, T. Hisatomi and K. Domen, Nature, 581, 411 (2020).
J. Yu, J. Low, W. Xiao, P. Zhou and M. Jaroniec, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 8839 (2014).
K. Wang, Q. Li, B. Liu, B. Cheng, W. Ho and J. Yu, Appl. Catal. B Environ., 176–177, 44 (2015).
H. Cho, W. D. Kim, K. Lee, S. Lee, G. S. Kang, H. I. Joh and D. C. Lee, Appl. Surf. Sci., 429, 2 (2018).
H. Cho, W. D. Kim, J. Yu, S. Lee and D. C. Lee, ChemCatChem, 10, 5679 (2018).
S. Jeong, G. M. Kim, G. S. Kang, C. Kim, H. Lee, W. J. Kim, Y. K. Lee, S. Lee, H. Kim, H. K. Lim and D. C. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. C, 123, 29184 (2019).
D. Li, H. Haneda, S. Hishita and N. Ohashi, Chem. Mater., 17, 2596 (2005).
J. Mo, Y. Zhang, Q. Xu, J. J. Lamson and R. Zhao, Atmos. Environ., 43, 2229 (2009).
T. Ochiai and A. Fujishima, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C Photochem. Rev., 13, 247 (2012).
I. Ghosh, L. Marzo, A. Das, R. Shaikh and B. König, Acc. Chem. Res., 49, 1566 (2016).
S. Lin, M. A. Ischay, C. G. Fry and T. P. Yoon, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 19350 (2011).
M. A. Cismesia and T. P. Yoon, Chem. Sci., 6, 5426 (2015).
S. N. Ahmed and W. Haider, Nanotechnology, 29, 342001 (2018).
C. Huang, J. Wen, Y. Shen, F. He, L. Mi, Z. Gan, J. Ma, S. Liu, H. Ma and Y. Zhang, Chem. Sci., 9, 7912 (2018).
T. Adachi, S. S. Latthe, S. W. Gosavi, N. Roy, N. Suzuki, H. Ikari, K. Kato, K. Katsumata, K. Nakata, M. Furudate, T. Inoue, T. Kondo, M. Yuasa, A. Fujishima and C. Terashima, Appl. Surf. Sci., 458, 917 (2018).
J. Zhang, X. Chen, K. Takanabe, K. Maeda, K. Domen, J. D. Epping, X. Fu, M. Antonieta and X. Wang, Angew. Chem. — Int. Ed., 49, 441 (2010).
J. Zhu, P. Xiao, H. Li and S. A. C. Carabineiro, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 16449 (2014).
Z. Zhang, K. Edme, S. Lian and E. A. Weiss, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 4246 (2017).
J. A. Caputo, L. C. Frenette, N. Zhao, K. L. Sowers, T. D. Krauss and D. J. Weix, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 4250 (2017).
J. M. Caruge, J. E. Halpert, V. Wood, V. Buloví and M. G. Bawendi, Nat. Photonics., 2, 247 (2008).
V. Wood and V. Bulović, Nano Rev., 1, 5202 (2010).
Y. F. Xu, M. Z. Yang, B. X. Chen, X. D. Wang, H. Y. Chen, D. B. Kuang and C. Y. Su, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 5660 (2017).
L. Ge, F. Zuo, J. Liu, Q. Ma, C. Wang, D. Sun, L. Bartels and P. Feng, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 13708 (2012).
F. T. Rabouw and C. de Mello Donega, Top. Curr. Chem., 374, (2016).
H. Lee, D. E. Yoon, S. Koh, M. S. Kang, J. Lim and D. C. Lee, Chem. Sci., 11, 2318 (2020).
D. Kim and D. C. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 11, 2647 (2020).
H. Liu, H. Li, J. Lu, S. Zeng, M. Wang, N. Luo, S. Xu and F. Wang, ACS Catal., 8, 4761 (2018).
X. Wu, X. Fan, S. Xie, J. Lin, J. Cheng, Q. Zhang, L. Chen and Y. Wang, Nat. Catal., 1, 772 (2018).
L. Yin and J. Liebscher, Chem. Rev., 107, 133 (2007).
C. S. Yeung and V. M. Dong, Chem. Rev., 111, 1215 (2011).
N. Miyaura, K. Yamada and A. Suzuki, Tetrahedron Lett., 20, 3437 (1979).
J. Zoller, D. C. Fabry and M. Rueping, ACS Catal., 5, 3900 (2015).
Y. Zhao and M. Antonietti, Angew. Chem., 129, 9464 (2017).
K. P. McClelland, T. D. Clemons, S. I. Stupp and E. A. Weiss, ACS Macro Lett., 9, 7 (2020).
S. K. Kuriechen, S. Murugesan and S. P. Raj, J. Catal., 2013, 1 (2013).
T. Hirakawa, K. Yawata and Y. Nosaka, Appl. Catal. A Gen., 325, 105 (2007).
I. K. Konstantinou and T. A. Albanis, Appl. Catal. B Environ., 49, 1 (2004).
M. Auffan, M. Pedeutour, J. Rose, A. Masion, F. Ziarelli, D. Borschneck, C. Chaneac, C. Botta, P. Chaurand, J. Labille and J. Y. Bottero, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 2689 (2010).
Y. Li, L. Tang, S. Peng, Z. Li and G. Lu, CrystEngComm, 14, 6974 (2012).
H. Park, H. H. Ou, U. Kang, J. Choi and M. R. Hoffmann, Catal. Today, 266, 153 (2016).
T. Mitkina, C. Stanglmair, W. Setzer, M. Gruber, H. Kisch and B. König, Org. Biomol. Chem., 10, 3556 (2012).
S. C. Jensen, S. B. Homan and E. A. Weiss, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 1591 (2016).
S. Lian, J. A. Christensen, M. S. Kodaimati, C. R. Rogers, M. R. Wasielewski and E. A. Weiss, J. Phys. Chem. C, 123, 5923 (2019).
T. H. Thanh, D. H. Thanh and V. Q. Lam, Adv. Optoelectron., 2014, 9 (2014).
L. Cheng, Q. Xiang, Y. Liao and H. Zhang, Energy Environ. Sci., 11, 1362 (2018).
A. Noble and D. W. C. MacMillan, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 11602 (2014).
D. Kim, Y. K. Lee, D. Lee, W. D. Kim, W. K. Bae and D. C. Lee, ACS Nano, 11, 12461 (2017).
D. E. Yoon, W. D. Kim, D. Kim, D. Lee, S. Koh, W. K. Bae and D. C. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. C, 121, 24837 (2017).
W. D. Kim, D. E. Yoon, D. Kim, S. Koh, W. K. Bae, W. S. Chae and D. C. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. C, 123, 9445 (2019).
C. Harris and P. V. Kamat, ACS Nano, 4, 7321 (2010).
C. Ma, D. Wu, X. Yao, X. Liu, M. Wei, Y. Liu, Z. Ma, P. Huo and Y. Yan, J. Alloys Compd., 712, 486 (2017).
W. Xia, J. Wu, J. C. Hu, S. Sun, M. De Li, H. Liu, M. Lan and F. Wang, ChemSusChem, 12, 4617 (2019).
I. N. Chakraborty, S. Roy, G. Devatha, A. Rao and P. P. Pillai, Chem. Mater., 31, 2258 (2019).
S. Koh, T. Eom, W. D. Kim, K. Lee, D. Lee, Y. K. Lee, H. Kim, W. K. Bae and D. C. Lee, Chem. Mater., 29, 6346 (2017).
D. Lee, S. Koh, D. E. Yoon, S. Lee, W. D. Kim, D. Kim, W. K. Bae, J. Lim and D. C. Lee, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 1518 (2019).
S. Koh, H. Lee, T. Lee, K. Park, W. J. Kim and D. C. Lee, J. Chem. Phys., 151, 144704 (2019).
W. D. Kim, D. Kim, D. E. Yoon, H. Lee, J. Lim, W. K. Bae and D. C. Lee, Chem. Mater., 31, 3066 (2019).
L. Li and P. Reiss, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 11588 (2008).
J. G. Martin and R. K. Hill, Chem. Rev., 61, 537 (1961).
X. Jiang and R. Wang, Chem. Rev., 113, 5515 (2013).
Y. Guo, T. Chen, Q. Liu, Z. Zhang and X. Fang, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 25328 (2016).
G. Zhang, Z. A. Lan, L. Lin, S. Lin and X. Wang, Chem. Sci., 7, 3062 (2016).
X. Wang, S. Blechert and M. Antonietti, ACS Catal., 2, 1596 (2012).
Y. Kang, Y. Yang, L. C. Yin, X. Kang, G. Liu and H. M. Cheng, Adv. Mater., 27, 4572 (2015).
J. Zhu, P. Xiao, H. Li and S. A. C. Carabineiro, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 16449 (2014).
S. Hu, F. Li, Z. Fan, F. Wang, Y. Zhao and Z. Lv, Dalt. Trans., 44, 1084 (2014).
L. O. Jones, M. A. Mosquera, Y. Jiang, E. A. Weiss, G. C. Schatz and M. A. Ratner, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 142, 15488 (2020).
K. Nakayama, N. Maeta, G. Horiguchi, H. Kamiya and Y. Okada, Org. Lett., 21, 2246 (2019).
Y. Huang, Y. Zhu and E. Egap, ACS Macro Lett., 7, 184 (2018).
X. Jiao, K. Zheng, Q. Chen, X. Li, Y. Li, W. Shao, J. Xu, J. Zhu, Y. Pan, Y. Sun and Y. Xie, Angew. Chem. — Int. Ed., 59, 15497 (2020).
G. Han, T. Yan, W. Zhang, Y. C. Zhang, D. Y. Lee, Z. Cao and Y. Sun, ACS Catal., 9, 11341 (2019).
Y. Gao, J. Zhang, X. Chen, D. Ma and N. Yan, Chempluschem, 79, 825 (2014).
Y. T. Tsai, C. Y. Chen, Y. J. Hsieh and M. L. Tsai, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2019, 4637 (2019).
S. Gazi, W. K. H. Ng, R. Ganguly, A. M. P. Moeljadi, H. Hirao and H. S. Soo, Chem. Sci., 6, 7130 (2015).
M. J. Enright, K. Gilbert-Bass, H. Sarsito and B. M. Cossairt, Chem. Mater., 31, 2677 (2019).
W. Mu, J. M. Herrmann and P. Pichat, Catal. Lett., 3, 73 (1989).
C. B. Almquist and P. Biswas, Appl. Catal. A Gen., 214, 259 (2001).
M. Fujihira, Y. Satoh and T. Osa, Nature, 293, 206 (1981).
T. Ohno, K. Tokieda, S. Higashida and M. Matsumura, Appl. Catal. A Gen., 244, 383 (2003).
H. Yoshida, H. Yuzawa, M. Aoki, K. Otake, H. Itoh and T. Hattori, Chem. Commun., 4634 (2008).
D. W. Wakerley, M. F. Kuehnel, K. L. Orchard, K. H. Ly, T. E. Rosser and E. Reisner, Nat. Energy, 2, 1 (2017).
M. Charton, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 97, 3691 (1975).
D. Stefanidis and W. P. Jencks, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 6045 (1993).
T. Uekert, M. F. Kuehnel, D. W. Wakerley and E. Reisner, Energy Environ. Sci., 11, 2853 (2018).
T. Uekert, H. Kasap and E. Reisner, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 141, 15201 (2019).
T. Uekert, F. Dorchies, C. M. Pichler and E. Reisner, Green Chem., 22, 3262 (2020).
D. S. Achilleos, W. Yang, H. Kasap, A. Savateev, Y. Markushyna, J. R. Durrant and E. Reisner, Angew. Chem. — Int. Ed., 59, 18184 (2020).
C. M. Pichler, T. Uekert and E. Reisner, Chem. Commun., 56, 5743 (2020).
Y. Okada, N. Maeta, K. Nakayama and H. Kamiya, J. Org. Chem., 83, 4948 (2018).
Acknowledgement
This work was funded by Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO2 Management Center.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Doh C. Lee is a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at KAIST. He joined KAIST in 2010 after working at Los Alamos National Laboratory for three years as a director’s postdoctoral fellow. Dr. Lee served as General Secretary at the 9th International Conference on Quantum Dots (QD2016) and he has been on the International Advisory Committee for QD2018 and QD2020.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, M., Kim, GM., Wang, N. et al. Radical-driven photocatalytic transformation of organic molecules. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 38, 1308–1316 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0794-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0794-4