Abstract
This article reviews the up-to-date progress in mechanocaloric effect and materials near ambient temperature. For elastocaloric materials, we focus on directly measured temperature change and its entropy origin in non-magnetic and magnetic shape memory alloys. In terms of barocaloric materials, change in magnetic state, volume and shift of transition temperature due to hydrostatic pressure are systematically compared. We propose advantages and challenges of elastocaloric materials for solid-state cooling. Strategies to enhance elastocaloric and mechanical stability under long-term mechanical cycles are presented. Finally, we conclude with an outlook on the prospect of elastocaloric cooling application.
摘要
本文综述了室温附近变形诱发固态相变材料及其热效应的最新进展。对弹热材料而言,重点关注形状记忆合金的弹热效应及熵变来源。分别对不同特征(非磁性或磁性,一级相变或弱一级相变)的形状记忆合金体系的驱动应力、弹热温变和工作温度窗口进行了对比分析。对具有压热效应的巨磁热材料,系统对比了等静压力作用下磁状态、体积和相变温度的变化。基于等静压力和磁场驱动相变温度移动方向相反的特点,可以设计复合驱动场来精确调控材料的滞后。评述了弹热制冷的优势、挑战和应对策略。其优势为温变大、温区宽、变形方式多样和成本低;最主要的挑战在于大应变和高速率条件下的循环疲劳问题;基于成分设计的滞后控制、机械稳定性训练是提高材料抗疲劳性能的有效手段。最后,基于欧洲和美国在弹热制冷原型机和系统制冷效率优化设计的最新进展,对固态制冷技术的应用前景进行了展望。
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51371184) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (LR14E010001).
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Lu, B., Liu, J. Mechanocaloric materials for solid-state cooling. Sci. Bull. 60, 1638–1643 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-015-0898-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-015-0898-5