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Preparation of raloxifene-delivery MSNs-embedded biomimetic coating on titanium and its in vitro evaluation for enhanced osteogenesis

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Abstract

Patients diagnosed with osteoporosis who undergo dental implantation procedures frequently encounter challenges related to impaired and delayed fusion with the bone, thereby leading to an elevated failure rate. To address this issue, it is reasonable to conceptualize the development of a dental implant coating that exhibits optimized surface properties and the capacity to deliver anti-osteoporosis pharmaceutical agents. Nonetheless, the literature provides limited documentation on the most suitable coating framework. In this study, a novel titanium implant coating system was successfully devised, comprising a biomimetic hierarchical topographical structure referred to as the bone resorption lacunae-like surface (RLS) and embedded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) serving as a platform for drug administration. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the RLS surface comprised micro-sized craters (10–70 μm) and interconnected nanopores (50–220 nm). After spin coating and 600 ℃ annealing treatment, the MSNs were embedded and firmly anchored within the interconnected nanopores. Release tests demonstrated sustained release of raloxifene (Ral) from the RLS-MSNs-Ral samples for over 11 days. Furthermore, the RLS-MSNs-Ral sample exhibited enhanced adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression in MG63 osteoblast-like cells. This study presents a promising titanium implant coating strategy to enhance osseointegration in osteoporotic conditions.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant Number 2022YFS0283), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 81970968, 32271415), the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Number 2022YFA1104400), and the Research and Develop Program, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University (Grant Number RD-02-202113).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Fangjun Huo, Yueting Wang, Siyuan Zhang, Xinzhi Tan, Xiaofan Su, Weidong Tian & Li Xie

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Xinzhi Tan, Xiaofan Su & Weidong Tian

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  1. Fangjun Huo
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  2. Yueting Wang
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  3. Siyuan Zhang
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  4. Xinzhi Tan
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  5. Xiaofan Su
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Contributions

FH was involved in the conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—original draft, and funding acquisition. YW contributed to the methodology, investigation, and resources. SZ contributed to the resources and funding acquisition. XT and XS contributed to the resources. WT contributed to the supervision, conceptualization, and funding acquisition. LX assisted in the supervision, conceptualization, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Weidong Tian or Li Xie.

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Huo, F., Wang, Y., Zhang, S. et al. Preparation of raloxifene-delivery MSNs-embedded biomimetic coating on titanium and its in vitro evaluation for enhanced osteogenesis. J Mater Sci 59, 593–608 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-09193-w

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