We studied the possibility of formation of endogenous opioid dependence in rats during periodic intake of 5% ethanol solution. In the control group, both drinking bottles contained water. In the experimental group, the second bottle was filled with 5% ethanol solution for 12 h per day; in the following 12 h, these rats were deprived of food and ethanol. This regimen was maintained over 8 days. The rats were subdivided into alcohol- and water-preferring subgroups. Ethanol deprivation followed by naloxone injection evoked the signs of opiate withdrawal syndrome in both subgroups. These findings suggest that periodic voluntary intake of a weak ethanol solution over 8 days led to the formation of endogenous opioid dependence in rats irrespective of amount of the consumed alcohol.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Sudakov SK. The mechanisms of “virtual” reinforcement and the action of psychoactive substances. Vopr. Narkol. 2017;(2-3):109-116. Russian.
Avena NM, Bocarsly ME, Rada P, Kim A, Hoebel BG. After daily bingeing on a sucrose solution, food deprivation induces anxiety and accumbens dopamine/acetylcholine imbalance. Physiol. Behav. 2008;94(3):309-315.
Avena NM, Rada P, Hoebel BG. Evidence of sugar addiction: behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2008;32(1):20-39.
Colantuoni C, Rada P, McCarthy J, Patten C, Avena NM, Chadeayne A, Hoebel BG. Evidence that intermittent, excessive sugar intake causes endogenouse opioid dependence. Obes. Res. 2002;10(6):478-488.
Donaire R, Conrad SE, Thompson JB, Papini MR, Torres C. Augmented voluntary consumption of ethanol induced by reward downshift increases locomotor activity of male Wistar rats in the elevated plus maze. Behav. Processes. 2018;150:59-65.
Faget L, Osakada F, Duan J, Ressler R, Johnson AB, Proudfoot JA, Yoo JH, Callaway EM, Hnasko TS. Afferent inputs to neurotransmitter-defined cell types in the ventral tegmental area. Cell Rep. 2016;15(12):2796-2808.
Fields HL, Hjelmstad GO, Margolis EB, Nicola SM. Ventral tegmental area neurons in learned appetitive behavior and positive reinforcement. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2007;30:289-316.
Goldstein A. Heroin addiction: neurobiology, pharmacology, and policy. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1991;23(2):123-133.
Hoebel BG, Avena NM, Bocarsly ME, Rada P. A behavioral and circuit model based on sugar addiction in rats. J. Addict. Med. 2009;3(1):33-41.
Niikura K, Narita M, Okutsu D, Tsurukawa Y, Nanjo K, Kurahashi K, Kobayashi Y, Suzuki T. Implication of endogenous beta-endorphin in the inhibition of the morphine-induced rewarding effect by the direct activation of spinal protein kinase C in mice. Neurosci. Lett. 2008;433(1):54-58.
Schultz W, Dayan P, Montague PR. A neural substrate of prediction and reward. Science. 1997;275:1593-1599.
Sudakov SK, Konstantinopolsky MA, Surkova LA, Tyurina IV, Borisova EV. Evaluation of wistar rats’ individual sensitivity to the development of physical dependence on morphine. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1991;29(1):69-75.
Tseng A, Nguyen K, Hamid A, Garg M, Marquez P, Lutfy K. The role of endogenous beta-endorphin and enkephalins in ethanol reward. Neuropharmacology. 2013;73:290-300.
Van Ree JM. Role of pituitary and related neuropeptides in alcoholism and pharmacodependence. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 1986;10(2):219-228.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 167, No. 3, pp. 268-271, March, 2019
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sudakov, S.K., Bogdanova, N.G., Alekseeva, E.V. et al. Endogenous Opioid Dependence Induced in Rats by Periodic Intake of 5% Ethanol Solution. Bull Exp Biol Med 167, 301–304 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-019-04514-z
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-019-04514-z