Abstract
Ship-bridge collisions happen from time to time globally, and the consequences are often catastrophic. Therefore, this paper proposes a new high-pressure water jet interference (HPWJI) method for bridge pier protection against vessel collision. Unlike traditional methods that absorb energy by anti-collision devices to mitigate the impact force of ships on bridges, this method mainly changes the direction of ship movement by lateral high-pressure water jet impact, so that the ship deviates from the bridge piers and avoids collision. This paper takes China’s Shawan River as the background and simulates the navigation of a ship (weighing about 2000 t) in the HPWJI method in the ANSYS-FLUENT software. The simulation results show that the HPWJI method has a significant impact on the direction of the ship’s movement, enabling the ship to deviate from the pier, which is theoretically feasible for preventing bridge-ship collisions. The faster the ship’s speed, the smaller the lateral displacement and deflection angle of the ship during a certain displacement. When the ship speed is less than 7 m/s, the impact of water flow on the ship’s trajectory is more significant. Finally, this paper constructs a model formula for the relationship between the lateral displacement and speed, and surge displacement of the selected ship. This formula can be used to predict the minimum safe distance of the ship at different speeds.
摘要
船撞桥事故在全球范围内都时有发生, 一旦发生造成的后果经常是灾难性的. 为此, 本文提出了一种新型高压水柱干扰防 撞(HPWJI)方法, 与传统的通过防撞装置吸能来减缓船舶对桥梁撞击力的方法不同, 该方法主要是通过横向高压水柱冲击来直接或 者间接改变船舶的航向, 使船舶偏离桥墩而不发生碰撞. 本文以中国沙湾河道为流域背景, 并运用ANSYS-FLUENT软件, 对一艘重 约2000吨的船只在HPWJI方法下的航行情况进行了模拟分析. 模拟结果表明, HPWJI方法对船只的航行方向有较大的影响, 能够让船只 偏离桥墩, 在理论上用于防止桥船碰撞是可行的; 船只的行驶速度越快, 船只在行驶一段位移时横向位移和偏转角越小, 其中船速小 于7米/秒时水流对船舶运动路径产生的影响更为显著; 最后本文构建了船只横向位移与航速、纵向位移关系的模型公式, 该公式可用 于预测不同航速下所选船只的最小安全距离(该距离时船只在HPWJI方法下刚好能偏离桥墩).
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11802347), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant Nos. 2018A030310334 and 2023A1515012482), and Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. 2023A04J1618).
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Author contributions Jincai Chen conceptualized and designed the research, authored the manuscript, and oversaw its revisions. Xiquan Wei contributed significantly to the development of the model, experimental setup, data processing, and drafted the initial manuscript. Jingjing Huang was responsible for conducting the experimental validations and analyzing the data. Ding Fu supported the original manuscript’s writing and performed the experimental validations. Haibo Wang provided crucial revisions to the final version and facilitated funding acquisition. Zhideng Zhou assisted in manuscript organization and revision.
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Chen, J., Wei, X., Huang, J. et al. Numerical evaluation of a new high pressure water jet interference method for bridge pier protection against vessel collision. Acta Mech. Sin. 41, 324069 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-024-24069-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-024-24069-x