Summary.
Open reading frame 79 of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (Bm79) is a conserved gene whose homologues have been identified in all 26 of the completely sequenced baculovirus genomes, including lepidopteran NPVs and GVs, hymenopteran NPVs, and a dipteran baculovirus. Northern blot analysis showed that the Bm79 transcript was about 850 nucleotides long and was initiated 12 h p.i. Temporal expression analysis revealed a 28-kDa protein, which was detected beginning 24 h p.i. using a polyclonal antibody against GST-Bm79 fusion protein. The 28-kDa protein was detected in the occlusion-derived virus envelope (ODV-E), but not in budded viruses. This observation was confirmed by observing ultrathin sections of polyhedra using immunoelectron microscopy. This demonstrated that the protein was present within the nuclei of cells. These results suggest that Bm79 is a functional gene that encodes a structural protein associated with the envelope of occlusion-derived virus (ODV).
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
RD Appel A Bairoch DF Hochstrasser (1994) ArticleTitleA new generation of information retrieval tools for biologists: the example of EXPASY WWW server. Trends Biochem Sci 19 258–260 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0968-0004(94)90153-8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByuA2MzkvVI%3D Occurrence Handle8073505
MD Ayres SC Howard J Kuzio ML Ferber RD Possee (1994) ArticleTitleThe complete DNA sequence of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Virology 202 586–605 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1994.1380 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmt1egtrw%3D Occurrence Handle8030224
M Belyavskyi SC Braunagel MD Summer (1998) ArticleTitleThe structural protein ODV-EC27 of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus is a multifunctional viral cyclin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 11205–11210 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.95.19.11205 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmt1ahtLY%3D Occurrence Handle9736714
MM Bradford (1976) ArticleTitleA rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72 248–254 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28XksVehtrY%3D Occurrence Handle942051
SC Braunagel DM Elton H Ma MD Summers (1996) ArticleTitleIdentification and analysis of an Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus structural protein of the occlusion-derived virus envelope: ODV-E56. Virology 217 IssueID1 97–110 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1996.0097 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhsVWhsrg%3D Occurrence Handle8599240
SC Braunagel H He P Ramamurthy MD Summers (1996) ArticleTitleTranscription, translation, and cellular localization of three Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus structure proteins: ODV-E18, ODV-E35, and ODV-EC27. Virology 222 IssueID1 100–114 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1996.0401 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XkvVCgsr0%3D Occurrence Handle8806491
SC Braunagel MD Summers (1994) ArticleTitleAutographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, PDV, and ECV viral envelopes and nucleocapsids: structural proteins, antigens, lipid and fatty acid profiles. Virology 202 315–328 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1994.1348 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktlSlu7k%3D Occurrence Handle8009843
SC Braunagel ST Williamson S Saksena Z Zhong WK Russell DH Russell MD Summers (2004) ArticleTitleTrafficking of ODV-E66 is mediated via s sorting motif and other viral proteins: Facilitated trafficking to the inner nuclear membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101 8372–8377 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.0402727101 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkvFOmsb4%3D Occurrence Handle15150405
P Caballero D Zuidema C Santiago Alvarez JM Vlak (1992) ArticleTitleBiochemical and biological characterization of four isolates of Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Biocontrol Sci Technol 2 145–157
M Fang H Wang H Wang Y Li X Chen JM Vlak Z Hu (2003) ArticleTitleOpen reading frame 94 of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus encodes a novel conserved occlusion-derived virion protein, ODV-EC43. J Gen Virol 84 3021–3027 Occurrence Handle10.1099/vir.0.19291-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXoslKhtLc%3D Occurrence Handle14573807
JTM Flipsen JWM Van Lent RW Goldbach JM Vlak (1993) ArticleTitleExpression of polyhedron and p10 in the midgut of AcNPV infected Spodoptera exigua larvae: An immunoelectron microscopic investigation. J Invert Pathol 61 17–23 Occurrence Handle10.1006/jipa.1993.1004 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhs1Gmt7s%3D
Harlow E, Lane D (1988) Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, 1st edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
EA Herniou JA Olszewski JS Cory DR O’Reilly (2003) ArticleTitleThe genome sequence and evolution of baculoviruses. Annu Rev Entomol 48 211–234 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112756 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnvVylsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12414741
T Hong SC Braunagel MD Summers (1994) ArticleTitleTranscription, translation and cellular localization of PDV-E66: A structural protein of the PDV envelope of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Virology 204 210–222 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1994.1525 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmvFCisbw%3D Occurrence Handle8091653
T Hong MD Summers SC Braunagel (1997) ArticleTitleN-terminal sequences from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus envelope proteins ODV-E66 and ODV-E25 are sufficient to direct reporter proteins to the nuclear envelope, intranuclear microvesicles and the envelope of occlusion derived virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 4050–4055 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXis1aqs7s%3D Occurrence Handle9108103
HM Horton JP Burand (1993) ArticleTitleSaturable attachment sites for polyhedron-derived baculovirus on insect cells and evidence for entry via direct membrane fusion. J Virol 67 1860–1868 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXitlSjur8%3D Occurrence Handle8445715
K Iryna G Seraffn C Liliane C Guy LF Miguel (2002) ArticleTitleCharacterization of pif, a gene required for the per os infectivity of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Gen Virol 83 3013–3022
M Iwanaga WK Kang M Kobayashi S Maeda (2000) ArticleTitleBaculovirus infection blocks the progression of fat body degradation during metamorphosis in Bombyx mori. Arch Virol 145 1763–1773 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s007050070054 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnsFeis74%3D Occurrence Handle11043939
BA Keddie GW Aponte LE Volkman (1989) ArticleTitleThe pathway of infection of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus in an insect host. Science 243 1728–1730 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BiaC1cnpt1A%3D Occurrence Handle2648574
J Kuzio R Jaques P Faulkner (1989) ArticleTitleIdentification of p74, a gene essential for virulence of baculovirus occlusion bodies. Virology 173 759–763 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0042-6822(89)90593-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXhsFaltr8%3D Occurrence Handle2688302
Md Masmudur Rahman P Gopinathan Karumathil (2003) ArticleTitleCharacterization of the gene encoding the envelope fusion glycoprotein GP64 from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Res 94 45–57
KB Nicholas HB Nicholas SuffixJr DW Deerfield (1997) ArticleTitleGeneDoc: analysis and visualization of genetic variation. EMBnet News 4 14
O’Reilly DR, Miller LK, Luckow VE (1992) Baculovirus Expression Vectors: A Laboratory Manual. Freeman, New York
RL Russell GF Rohrmann (1993) ArticleTitleA 25-kDa protein is associated with the envelopes of occluded baculovirus virions. Virology 195 532–540 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1993.1404 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlvFOjsrg%3D Occurrence Handle8337828
RL Russell GF Rohrmann (1997) ArticleTitleCharacterization of P91, a protein associated with virions of an Orgyia pseudotsugata baculovirus. Virology 233 210–223 Occurrence Handle10.1006/viro.1997.8599 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktlajtrk%3D Occurrence Handle9201231
Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning: A Laboratory Manual, second edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
JW Slot HJ Geuze (1985) ArticleTitleA new method of preparing gold probes of multiple-labelling cytochemistry. Eur J Cell Biol 38 IssueID1 87–93 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BiqB1crhsFU%3D Occurrence Handle4029177
GE Smith MD Summers (1981) ArticleTitleApplication of a novel radio-immunoassay to identify baculovirus structural proteins that share interspecies antigenic determinants. J Virol 39 125–137 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3MXkslKgu7o%3D
MD Summers GE Smith (1975) ArticleTitleTrichoplusia ni granulosis virus granulin: a phenol-soluble, phosphorylated protein. J Virol 16 1108–1116 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28Xislyhug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle1185849
JD Thompson TJ Gibson F Plewniak F Jeanmougin DG Higgins (1997) ArticleTitleThe ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 24 4876–4882
H Towbin T Staehelin J Gordon (1979) ArticleTitleElectrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamidae gels to nitrocellulose sheets: Procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76 4350–4354 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXmtVKltLw%3D Occurrence Handle388439
M Whitford P Faulkner (1992) ArticleTitleNucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of a gene encoding gp41, a structural glycoprotein of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Virol 66 4763–4768 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXisVyrsrg%3D Occurrence Handle1629955
CX Zhang XC Ma ZJ Guo (2005) ArticleTitleComparison of the complete genome sequences between C1 and G4 isolates of the Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virology 333 190–199 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlelt7o%3D Occurrence Handle15708604
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, HJ., Yang, ZN., Wang, F. et al. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF79 encodes a 28-kDa structural protein of the ODV envelope. Arch Virol 151, 681–695 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-005-0664-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-005-0664-0