Abstract
We review our recent experiments by linear optical spectroscopy in the visible spectral range on interface controlled monolayers and thin films of π-conjugated organic molecules on well-defined surfaces. In particular, cw fluorescence and fluorescence excitation spectroscopy are considered. We discuss two interesting aspects: the possibility to prepare interface controlled films with non-bulk like structures, and consequently different and possibly superior optical properties, and the use of optical spectroscopy as an analytical tool to investigate properties of interfacial organic films.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
E.A. Silinsh, V. Čápek, Organic Molecular Crystals (Am. Inst. Phys., New York, 1994)
H. Klauk (ed.), Organic Electronics (Wiley, Weinheim, 2006)
A.S. Davydov, Theory of Molecular Excitons (Plenum, New York, 1971)
D.P. Craig, S.H. Walmsley, Excitons in Molecular Crystals (Benjamin, New York, 1968)
V.L. Broude, E.I. Rashba, E.F. Sheka, Spectroscopy of Molecular Excitons (Springer, Berlin, 1985)
S. Kirstein, H. Möhwald, Adv. Mater. 7, 460 (1995)
S. Kirstein, H. Mohwald, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 826 (1995)
T. Kobayashi (ed.), J-Aggregates (World Scientific, Singapore, 1996)
U. Bach, Y. Tachibana, J.-E. Moser, S.A. Haque, J.R. Durant, M. Grätzel, D.R. Klug, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 7445 (1999)
S.A. Haque, Y. Tachibana, R.L. Willis, J.E. Moser, M. Grätzel, D.R. Klug, J.R. Durrant, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 538 (2000)
W. Gebauer, A. Langner, M. Schneider, M. Sokolowski, E. Umbach, Phys. Rev. B 69, 155431 (2004)
A.A. Vyshkvarko, V.F. Kiselev, V.Z. Paschenko, G.S. Plotnikov, J. Lumin. 47, 327 (1991)
K. Kemnitz, N. Tamai, I. Yamazaki, N. Nakashima, K. Yoshihara, J. Phys. Chem. 90, 5094 (1986)
A. Murayama, Y. Oka, H. Fujisaki, Surf. Sci. 158, 222 (1985)
Y. Liang, A.M. Ponte Goncalves, D.K. Negus, J. Phys. Chem. 87, 1 (1983)
H. Proehl, T. Dienel, R. Nitsche, T. Fritz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 097403 (2004)
G. Bussetti, S. Cirilli, A. Violante, V. Chiostri, C. Goletti, P. Chiaradia, A. Sassella, M. Campione, L. Raimondo, D. Braga, A. Borghesi, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 27, 1029 (2009)
M. Schneider, M. Brinkmann, M. Muccini, F. Biscarini, C. Taliani, W. Gebauer, M. Sokolowski, E. Umbach, Chem. Phys. 285, 345 (2002)
U. Heinemeyer, K. Broch, A. Hinderhofer, M. Kytka, R. Scholz, A. Gerlach, F. Schreiber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 257401 (2010)
H. Proehl, R. Nitsche, T. Dienel, K. Leo, T. Fritz, Phys. Rev. B 71, 165207 (2005)
R. Forker, T. Fritz, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11, 2142 (2009)
M.I. Alonso, M. Garriga, N. Karl, J.O. Osso, F. Schreiber, Org. Electron. 3, 23 (2002)
M.I. Alonso, M. Garriga, J.O. Osso, F. Schreiber, E. Barrena, H. Dosch, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 6335 (2003)
L.D. Sun, M. Hohage, P. Zeppenfeld, S. Berkebile, G. Koller, F.P. Netzer, M.G. Ramsey, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 121913 (2006)
L.D. Sun, G. Weidlinger, M. Denk, R. Denk, M. Hohage, P. Zeppenfeld, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 14706 (2010)
W.E. Moerner, T. Basche, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 32, 457 (1993)
W. Gebauer, A. Langner, M. Schneider, M. Sokolowski, E. Umbach, Phys. Rev. B 69, 155431 (2004)
T. Dienel, H. Proehl, R. Forker, K. Leo, T. Fritz, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 9056 (2008)
Z.-C. Dong, X.-L. Guo, A.S. Trifonov, P.S. Dorozhkin, K. Miki, K. Kimura, S. Yokoyama, S. Mashiko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 086801 (2004)
W. Deng, D. Fujita, T. Ohgi, S. Yokoyama, K. Kamikado, S. Mashiko, J. Chem. Phys. 117, 4995 (2002)
E. Ćavar, M.-C. Blüm, M. Pivetta, F. Patthey, M. Chergui, W.-D. Schneider, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 196102 (2005)
X.H. Qiu, G.V. Nazin, W. Ho, Science 299, 542 (2003)
C. Chen, P. Chu, C.A. Bobisch, D.L. Mills, W. Ho, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 217402 (2010)
F. Rossel, M. Pivetta, W.-D. Schneider, Surf. Sci. Rep. 65, 129 (2010)
R. Nishitani, H.W. Liu, A. Kasuya, H. Miyahira, T. Kawahara, H. Iwasaki, Surf. Sci. 601, 3601 (2007)
W. Gebauer, M. Sokolowski, E. Umbach, Chem. Phys. 227, 33 (1998)
U. Heinemeyer, R. Scholz, L. Gisslén, M.I. Alonso, J.O. Ossó, M. Garriga, A. Hinderhofer, M. Kytka, S. Kowarik, A. Gerlach, F. Schreiber, Phys. Rev. B 78, 085210 (2008)
R. Forker, D. Kasemann, T. Dienel, C. Wagner, R. Franke, K. Müllen, T. Fritz, Adv. Mater. 20, 1 (2008)
D. Schlettwein, H. Tada, S. Mashiko, Thin Solid Films 331, 117 (1998)
S. Tavazzi, A. Borghesi, A. Papagni, P. Spearman, L. Silvestri, A. Yassar, A. Camposeo, M. Polo, D. Pisignano, Phys. Rev. B 75, 245416 (2007)
E. Engel, K. Schmidt, D. Beljonne, J.L. Bredas, J. Assa, H. Frob, K. Leo, M. Hoffmann, Phys. Rev. B 73, 245216 (2006)
T. Petrenko, O. Krylova, F. Neese, M. Sokolowski, New J. Phys. 11, 015001 (2009)
D. Käfer, G. Witte, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 2850 (2005)
O.D. Jurchescu, A. Meetsma, T.T.M. Palstra, Acta Crystallogr. B 62, 330 (2006)
E. Venuti, R.G. Della Valle, L. Farina, A. Brillante, M. Masino, A. Girlando, Phys. Rev. B 70, 104106 (2004)
O. Worz, G. Scheibe, Z. Naturforsch. B 24, 381 (1969)
A. Kraft, R. Temirov, S.K.M. Henze, S. Soubatch, M. Rohlfing, F.S. Tautz, Phys. Rev. B 74, 041402(R) (2006)
E. Umbach, M. Sokolowski, R. Fink, Appl. Phys. Lett. A 63, 565 (1996)
G. Witte, C. Wöll, J. Mater. Res. 19, 1889 (2004)
D.E. Hooks, T. Fritz, M.D. Ward, Adv. Mater. 13, 227 (2001)
S.C.B. Mannsfeld, K. Leo, T. Fritz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 056104 (2005)
D. Schlettwein, A. Back, B. Schilling, T. Fritz, N.R. Armstrong, Chem. Mater. 10, 601 (1998)
T. Dienel, C. Loppacher, S.C.B. Mannsfeld, R. Forker, T. Fritz, Adv. Mater. 20, 959 (2008)
A. Langner, Y. Su, M. Sokolowski, Phys. Rev. B 74, 2633 (2006)
S. Degen, A. Krupski, M. Kralj, A. Langner, C. Becker, M. Sokolowski, K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. Lett. 576, L57 (2005)
J. Kramer, C. Tegenkamp, H. Pfnür, J. Phys., Condens. Matter 38, 6473 (2003)
M. Pivetta, F. Patthey, M. Stengel, A. Baldereschi, W.-D. Schneider, Phys. Rev. B 72, 115404 (2005)
E. Le Moal, M. Müller, O. Bauer, M. Sokolowski, Surf. Sci. 603, 2434 (2009)
M. Müller, J. Ikonomov, M. Sokolowski, Surf. Sci. 605, 1090 (2011)
M. Bäumer, H.J. Freund, Prog. Surf. Sci. 61, 127 (1999)
J. Repp, G. Meyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 026803 (2005)
S.A. Burke, J.M. Topple, P. Grütter, J. Phys., Condens. Matter 21, 423101 (2009)
A. Langner, A. Hauschild, S. Fahrenholz, M. Sokolowski, Surf. Sci. 574, 153 (2005)
M. Voigt, A. Langner, P. Schouwink, J. Lupton, R. Mahrt, M. Sokolowski, J. Chem. Phys. 127, 114705 (2007)
S.-H. Lim, T.G. Bjorklund, F.C. Spano, C.J. Bardeen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 107402 (2004)
F. Spano, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 57, 217 (2006)
S. Soubatch, C. Weiss, R. Temirov, F.S. Tautz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 177405 (2009)
V. Czikkely, H.D. Försterling, H. Kuhn, Chem. Phys. Lett. 6, 11 (1970)
F. Meinardi, M. Cerminara, A. Sassella, R. Bonifacio, R. Tubino, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 247401 (2003)
P.B. Walczak, A. Eisfeld, J.S. Briggs, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 044505 (2008)
E.W. Knapp, Chem. Phys. 85, 73 (1984)
F.C. Spano, J.R. Kuklinski, S. Mukamel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 211 (1990)
F.C. Spano, J. Chem. Phys. 120, 7643 (2004)
M. Kytka, L. Gisslen, A. Gerlach, U. Heinemeyer, J. Kováč, R. Scholz, F. Schreiber, J. Phys. Chem. 130, 214507 (2009)
H. Najafov, I. Biaggio, V. Podzorov, M.F. Calhoun, M.E. Gershenson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 056604 (2006)
R.R. Chance, A. Prock, R. Silbey, Adv. Chem. Phys. 37, 1 (1978)
S. Soubatch, R. Temirov, M. Weinhold, F.S. Tautz, Surf. Sci. 600, 4679 (2006)
E. Le Moal, M. Müller, O. Bauer, M. Sokolowski, Phys. Rev. B 82, 045301 (2010)
S.A. Burke, W. Ji, J.M. Mativetsky, J.M. Topple, S. Fostner, H.-J. Gao, H. Guo, P. Grutter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 186104 (2008)
M. Müller, E. Le Moal, R. Scholz, M. Sokolowski, Phys. Rev. B 83, 241203(R) (2011)
K. Glöckler, C. Seidel, A. Soukopp, M. Sokolowski, E. Umbach, M. Böhringer, R. Berndt, W.-D. Schneider, Surf. Sci. 405, 1 (1998)
A. Kraft, R. Temirov, S.K.M. Henze, S. Soubatch, M. Rohlfing, F.S. Tautz, Phys. Rev. B 74, 041402 (2006)
J. Ikonomov, O. Bauer, M. Sokolowski, Surf. Sci. 602, 2061 (2008)
M. Müller, Ph.D. thesis, University of Bonn, in preparation
R. Scholz, A.Y. Kobitski, T.U. Kampen, M. Schreiber, D.R.T. Zahn, G. Jungnickel, M. Elstner, M. Sternberg, T. Frauenheim, Phys. Rev. B 61, 13659 (2000)
I. Vragovic, R. Scholz, Phys. Rev. B 68, 155202 (2003)
M. Wewer, F. Stienkemeier, J. Chem. Phys. 120, 1239 (2004)
M. Dvorak, F. Stienkemeier, Unpublished results (2009)
A. Langner, Ph.D. thesis, Universität Bonn, 2005
O. Krylova, Ph.D. thesis, University of Bonn, in preparation
M. Müller, Diploma thesis, University of Bonn, 2007
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Müller, M., Langner, A., Krylova, O. et al. Fluorescence spectroscopy of ultrathin molecular organic films on surfaces. Appl. Phys. B 105, 67 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-011-4764-0
Received:
Revised:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-011-4764-0