Abstract
A novel detection method of penetration status was presented for a high-power fiber laser welding. The metallic vapor and molten pool was recorded by a high-speed camera during welding process. The radiation intensity of metallic vapor, as well as the morphology of molten pool end, was calculated by image processing algorithm as image features. Four image features, the radiation intensity of metallic vapor (RIMV), the area of molten pool end (AMPE), the rear angle of molten pool end (RAMPE), and the aspect ratio of molten pool end (ARMPE), were extracted. The mean value, relative range, variation coefficient, and frequency ratio were computed for the four features to obtain the 16 characteristic parameters. Aiming at penetration status, the characteristic parameters were reorganized to form two complex indicators by the principal component analysis. Experimental results showed that the detection method was potential for online detection on the penetration status in a high-power laser welding process.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bagger C, Olsen FO (2003) Laser welding closed-loop power control. Journal of Laser Applications 15(1):19–24
You D, Gao X, Katayama S (2015) Detection of imperfection formation in disk laser welding using multiple on-line measurements. J Mater Process Technol 219(219):209–220
Kim CH, Ahn DC (2012) Coaxial monitoring of keyhole during Yb:YAG laser welding. Optics & Laser Technology 44(6):1874–1880
Gao JQ, Qin GL, Yang JL, He JG, Zhang T, Wu CS (2011) Image processing of weld pool and keyhole in Nd: YAG laser welding of stainless steel based on visual sensing. Trans Nonferrous Metals Soc China 21(2):423–428
Zhang Y, Gao X (2014) Analysis of characteristics of molten pool using cast shadow during high-power disk laser welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 70:1979–1988
Luo M, Shin YC (2015) Vision-based weld pool boundary extraction and width measurement during keyhole fiber laser welding. Optics & Lasers in Engineering 64(12):59–70
Oezmert A, Drenker A, Nazery V (2014) Detectability of penetration based on weld pool geometry and process emission spectrum in laser welding of copper. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 41:509–514
Kratzsch C, Abels P, Kaierle S, Poprawe R, Schulz W (2000) Coaxial process control during laser beam welding of tailored blanks. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 3888:472–482
Abt F, Blug A, Nicolosi L, Dausinger F, Höfler H, Tetzlaff R, Weber R (2009) Real time closed loop control of full penetration keyhole welding with cellular neural network cameras. Journal of Laser Micro Nanoengineering 6(2):131–137
Blug A, Carl D, Höfler H, Abt F, Heider A, Weber R, Nicolosi L, Tetzlaff R (2011) Closed-loop control of laser power using the full penetration hole image feature in aluminum welding processes. Phys Procedia 12(Part 1):720–729
Shidfar A, Alinejadmofrad M, Garshasbi M (2009) A numerical procedure for estimation of the melt depth in laser material processing. Optics & Laser Technology 41(3):280–284
Courtois M, Carin M, Masson P L, Gaied S, Balabane M (2013) A new approach to compute multi-reflections of laser beam in a keyhole for heat transfer and fluid flow modelling in laser welding. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 46(50)
Li S, Chen G, Zhou C (2015) Effects of welding parameters on weld geometry during high-power laser welding of thick plate. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 79(1–4):177–182
Tan W, Bailey NS, Shin YC (2013) Investigation of keyhole plume and molten pool based on a three-dimensional dynamic model with sharp interface formulation. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics 46(5):55501–55512(12)
Fabbro R (2010) Melt pool and keyhole behaviour analysis for deep penetration laser welding. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics 43(44):573–580
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sheng, J., Cai, Y., Li, F. et al. Online detection method of weld penetration based on molten pool morphology and metallic vapor radiation for fiber laser welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 92, 231–245 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0129-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0129-0