Abstract
Background
The rat model of chronic intoxication by NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) induces severe systemic arterial hypertension and progressive ischemic lesions in the central nervous system and kidneys. We investigated the possible molecular basis of these thrombotic events.
Methods and Results
Administration of l-NAME increased plasma markers of thrombin generation, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, and soluble glycoprotein V, measured by specific ELISA. Thrombin generation in vivo was associated with ex vivo platelet desensitization to adenosine 5′-diphosphate and collagen-induced aggregation. In the aortic layers and renal arterioles, tissue factor mRNA (semi-quantitative RT-PCR) and activity (coagulation assay) were increased. In contrast, tissue factor activity was not modified in glomeruli. In parallel, an impairment of the fibrinolytic system was demonstrated by an increase in plasma levels and arterial secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. In the arterial wall, plasminogen activator inhibtor-1 mRNA was significantly increased. Moreover, antifibrinolytic activity, studied by fibrin reverse zymography, was increased whereas all tissue-plasminogen activator activity secreted by the hypertensive arterial wall was detected as complexes with its specific inhibitor. In animals treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Zofenil, all of these parameters remained at control levels.
Conclusions
These results indicate that chronic blockade of nitric oxide production in rats results in enhancement of blood markers of thrombin generation associated with tissue factor induction and impairment of fibrinolysis in the vascular wall, which may contribute to the thrombotic complications associated with hypertension.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kannel WB. (2000) Elevated systolic blood pressure as a cardiovascular risk factor. Am. J. Cardiol. 85: 251–255.
Fuster V, Badimon L, Badimon JJ, Chesebro JH. (1992) The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 326: 242–250.
Pessina AC, Serena L, Semplicini A. (1996) Hypertension, coronary artery and cerebrovascular diseases in the population. Has epidemiology changed in the last decades? Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 18: 363–370.
Touboul PJ, Elbaz A, Koller C, et al. (2000) Common carotid artery intima-media thickness and brain infarction: the Etude du Profil Genetique de l’infarctus Cerebral (GENIC) case-control study. The GENIC Investigators. Circulation 102: 313–318.
Arnal JF, Warin L, Michel JB. (1992) Determinants of aortic cyclic guanosine monophosphate in hypertension induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase. J. Clin. Invest. 90: 647–652.
Baylis C, Mitruka B, Deng A. (1992) Chronic blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in the rat produces systemic hypertension and glomerular damage. J. Clin. Invest. 90: 278–281.
Blot S, Arnal JF, Xu Y, Gray F, Michel JB. (1994) Spinal cord infarcts during long-term inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in rats. Stroke 25: 1666–1673.
Henrion D, Dowell FJ, Levy BI, Michel JB. (1996) In vitro alteration of aortic vascular reactivity in chronic L-NAME induced hypertension. Hypertension 28: 361–368.
Gonzalez W, Fontaine V, Pueyo ME, et al. (2000) Molecular plasticity of vascular wall during N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension: modulation of proinflammatory signals. Hypertension 36: 103–109.
Katoh M, Egashira K, Mitsui T, Chishima S, Takeshita A, Narita H. (2000) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor prevents plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in a rat model with cardiovascular remodeling induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 32: 73–83.
Luvara G, Pueyo M, Philippe M, et al. (1998) Chronic blockade of nitric oxide synthase activity induces pro-inflammatory phenotype in the arterial wall. Prevention by angiotensin II antagonism. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Res. 18: 1408–1416.
Usui M, Egashira K, Kitamoto S, et al. (1999) Pathogenic role of oxidative stress in vascular angiotensin-converting enzyme activation in long-term blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in rats. Hypertension 34: 546–551.
Michel JB, Xu Y, Blot S, Philippe M, Chatellier G. (1996) Improved survival in rats administered NG-nitro l-arginine methyl ester due to converting enzyme inhibition. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 28: 142–148.
Tomiyama H, Kimura Y, Mitsuhashi H, et al. (1998) Relationship between endothelial function and fibrinolysis in early hypertension. Hypertension 31: 321–327.
Ruf W, Edgington TS. (1994) Structural biology of tissue factor, the initiator of thrombogenesis in vivo. FASEB J. 8: 385–390.
Mackman N. (1995) Regulation of the tissue factor gene. FASEB J. 9: 883–889.
Ravanat C, Freund M, Mangin P, et al. (2000) GPV is a marker of in vivo platelet activation—study in a rat thrombosis model. Thromb. Haemost. 83: 327–333.
De Prost D, Le Floch V, Kanfer A. (1985) Quantitative assessment of procoagulant activity in isolated rat glomeruli. Kidney Int. 28: 566–568.
Chatziantoniou C, Pauti MD, Pinet F, Promeneur D, Dussaule JC, Ardaillou R. (1996) Regulation of renin release is impaired after nitric oxide inhibition. Kidney Int. 49: 626–633.
Battle T, Arnal JF, Challah M, Michel JB. (1994) Selective isolation of rat aortic wall layers and their cell types in culture—application to converting enzyme activity measurement. Tissue Cell 26: 943–955.
Caen J, Larrieu MJ, Samama M. (1975) L’expansion Scientifique Française. In L’hémostase. Paris; 313.
Gaussem P, Graihle P, Anglés-Cano E. (1993) Sodium dodecyl sulfate-induced dissociation of complexes between human tissue plasminogen activator and its specific inhibitor. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 12150–12155.
Darblade B, Batkai S, Caussé E, et al. (2001) Failure of l-nitroarginine to inhibit the activity of aortic inducible nitric oxide synthase. J. Vasc. Res. 38: 266–275.
Pollock DM, Polakowski JS, Divish BJ, Opgenorth TJ. (1993) Angiotensin blockade reverses hypertension during long-term nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Hypertension 21: 660–666.
Freedman JE, Loscalzo J, Barnard MR, Alpert C, Keaney JF, Michelson AD. (1997) Nitric oxide released from activated platelets inhibits platelet recruitment. J. Clin. Invest. 100: 350–356.
Emerson M, Momi S, Paul W, Alberti PF, Page C, Gresele P. (1999) Endogenous nitric oxide acts as a natural antithrombotic agent in vivo by inhibiting platelet aggregation in the pulmonary vasculature. Thromb. Haemost. 81: 961–966.
Luft FC, Mervaala E, Muller DN, et al. (1999) Hypertension-induced end-organ damage: a new transgenic approach to an old problem. Hypertension 33: 212–218.
Taubman MB, Marmur JD, Rosenfield CL, Guha A, Nichtberger S, Nemerson Y. (1993) Agonist-mediated tissue factor expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Role of Ca2+ mobilization and protein kinase C activation. J. Clin. Invest. 91: 547–552.
Müller DN, Mervaala EMA, Dechend R, et al. (2000) Angiotensin II (AT1) receptor blockade reduces vascular tissue factor in angiotensin II-induced cardiac vasculopathy. Am. J. Pathol. 157: 111–122.
Kitamoto S, Egashira K, Kataoka C, et al. (2000) Increased activity of nuclear factor-kappa participates in cardiovascular remodeling induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in rats. Circulation 102: 806–812.
Yang Y, Loscalzo J. (2000) Regulation of tissue factor expression in human microvascular endothelial cells by nitric oxide. Circulation 101: 2144–2148.
Corseaux D, Le Tourneau T, Six I, et al. (1998) Enhanced monocyte tissue factor response after experimental balloon angioplasty in hypercholesterolemic rabbit: inhibition with dietary l-arginine. Circulation 98: 1776–1782.
Broze GJJ. (1995) Tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Thromb. Haemost. 74: 90–93.
Sandset PM, Bonnie J, Warn-Cramer BJ, Rao VM, Maki SL, Rapaport SI. (1991) Depletion of extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI) sensitizes rabbits to disseminated intravascular coagulation induced with tissue factor: evidence supporting a physiological role for EPI as a natural anticoagulant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88: 708–712.
Nishimura H, Tsuji H, Masuda H, et al. (1997) Angiotensin II increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor mRNA expression without changing that of tissue type plasminogen activator or tissue factor pathway inhibitor in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells. Thromb. Haemost. 77: 1189–1195.
Erdem Y, Usalan C, Haznedaroglu IC, et al. (1999) Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II receptor inhibition on impaired fibrinolysis in systemic hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 12: 1071–1076.
Ranadive SA, Chen AX, Serajuddin AT. (1992) Relative lipophilicities and structural-pharmacological considerations of various ACE inhibitors. Pharm. Res. 9: 1480–1486.
Li P, Ferrario CM, Brosnihan KB. (1998) Losartan inhibits thromboxane A-2-induced platelet aggregation vascular constriction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 32: 198–205.
Levy PJ, Yunis C, Owen J, Brosnihan B, Smith R, Ferrarion CM. (2000) Inhibition of platelet aggregability by losartan in essential hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol. 86: 1188–1192.
Li P, Fukuhara M, Diz DI, Ferrario CM, Brosnihan KB. (2000) Novel angiotensin II AT(1) receptor antagonist irbesartan prevents thromboxane A(2)-induced vasoconstriction in canine coronary arteries and human platelet aggregation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 292: 238–246.
Soejima H, Ogawa H, Yasue H, et al. (1999) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reduces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tissue factor levels in patients with myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 34: 983–988.
Poli KA, Tofler GH, Larson MG, et al. (2000) Association of blood pressure with fibrinolytic potential in the Framingham offspring population. Circulation 101: 264–269.
Lottermoser K, Weisser B, Hertfelder HJ, Wostmann B, Vetter H, Dusing R. (1998) Antihypertensive drug treatment and fibrinolytic function. Am. J. Hypertens. 11: 378–384.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from Menarini (Florence, Italy) and by INSERM. D.C. was supported by the Society of Nephrology and V.F. by the French Society of Hypertension. We thank Pierre-Louis Tharaux and Christos Chatziantoniou for their assistance with the isolation of renal arterioles.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
D.C. and V.O. contributed equally to this work.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Corseaux, D., Ollivier, V., Fontaine, V. et al. Hemostasis Imbalance in Experimental Hypertension. Mol Med 8, 169–178 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03402009
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03402009