Abstract
The commonly used vasodilators sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin increase intracranial pressure (ICP) and cause tachycardia. Since diltiazem is also a vasodilator, we designed this experiment in cats to study its effect on intracranial pressure and heart rate (HR). Twelve cats were assigned to two equal groups. One group had normal ICP (N-ICP), while in the other the ICP was raised artificially (AR-ICP) by placing a balloon into the intracranial extradural space. Both groups received an infusion of diltiazem to decrease the mean blood pressure (BP), which was maintained 30 per cent below the baseline value for 15 minutes.
Diltiazem caused no significant change in ICP (5.7 ±1 to 6.7 ± 1.5 mmHg, p < 0.01) in cats with N-ICP while in cats with AR-ICP, the increase from 26.9 ±0.5 to 34.0 ± 1.9 mmHg was significant (p < 0.006). HR decreased significantly during the diltiazem infusion in both groups.
Résumé
Les vasodilatateurs communément utilisés tels que nitroprussiate de soude et de nitroglycerine augmentent la pression intracrânienne (ICP) et provoquent la tachycardie. Etant donné que le diltiazem est aussi un vasodilatateur on a crée un modèle expérimental d’étude ckez le chat de l’ effet du diltiazem sur la pression intracrânienne et la fréquence cardiaque. Douze chats ont été divisés en deux groupes égaux. Le premier groupe présentait une pression intracrânienne normale alors que chez le deuxième groupe on augmenta d’une façon artificielle la ICP en plaçant des ballons dans l’espace intracrânien et extradural. Les deux groupes de chats ont reçu une infusion de diltiazem afin de diminuer la pression artérielle moyenne qui émit maintenue à 30 pour cent en bas de la valeur de base pour 15 minutes.
Le diltiazem n’a pas augmenté d’une faeon significative la pression intracrânienne chez le premier groupe à pression intracrdnienne normale (5.7 ± 1 à 6.7 ± 1.5 mmHg) (p < 0.1). Pour le deuxiéme groupe l’augmentation éalt de 36.8 ± 0.5 à 34.0 ± 1.9 mmHg et était significative (p < 0.006). La fréquence cardiaque a diminué significativement dans les deux groupes.
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Thiagarajah, S., Azar, I., Lear, E. et al. Effect of diltiazem-induced hypotension on normal and increased intracranial pressure of cats. Can Anaesth Soc J 33, 578–582 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03014263
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03014263